全稱《西岳華(hua)山廟(miao)碑》,延熹四年(公(gong)元161年)四月刻,是漢碑隸書(shu)成熟時(shi)期的代表作之(zhi)一。
漢隸——華山碑
漢代隸(li)書(shu)。全稱《西岳華(hua)山(shan)廟(miao)碑(bei)》,延熹(xi)四年(nian)(公元161年(nian))四月刻,此碑(bei)與《禮器碑(bei)》一(yi)樣被譽為(wei)漢隸(li)中典范,結字(zi)(zi)堂(tang)堂(tang)正正,字(zi)(zi)、行(xing)距齊(qi)整,波磔(zhe)秀美。碑(bei)原在陜西華(hua)陰(yin)縣西岳廟(miao)中,明(ming)嘉靖三十(shi)四年(nian)(一(yi)五(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu))毀(hui)于地震。隸(li)書(shu),二十(shi)二行(xing),行(xing)三十(shi)八(ba)字(zi)(zi)。額篆書(shu)“西岳華(hua)山(shan)廟(miao)碑(bei)”六字(zi)(zi)。末行(xing)有(you)“郭香查書(shu)”字(zi)(zi)樣。《華(hua)山(shan)碑(bei)》是漢碑(bei)隸(li)屬成熟時期的代表作之一(yi)。書(shu)風(feng)樸(pu)茂古拙又(you)圓轉(zhuan)流動(dong);用筆豐(feng)滿中和(he)又(you)波磔(zhe)明(ming)顯,為(wei)書(shu)家所推重(zhong)。
周禮(li)(li)職方(fang)氏(shi),(河南山鎮曰(yue)(yue)崋,謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)西(xi)(xi)岳(yue),春(chun)秋傳曰(yue)(yue),山岳(yue)則配天,乾?定)位,山澤(ze)通氣,云行雨(yu)施,既(ji)成(cheng)萬物,易之(zhi)(zhi)義(也(ye),祀(si)典曰(yue)(yue):日月星辰,所(suo)昭昂也(ye),地理(li)山川,所(suo)生殖也(ye),功)加於(wu)(wu)民(min)(min),祀(si)以(yi)報(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)。禮(li)(li)記曰(yue)(yue):天子祭天地,及(山川,歲(sui)?焉,自三五(wu)迭興,其(qi)(qi)奉山川,或(huo)在天子,或(huo)在(諸(zhu)侯,是(shi)以(yi)唐虞疇咨四(si)岳(yue),五(wu)歲(sui)壹巡狩,皆(jie)以(yi)四(si)(時之(zhi)(zhi)中月,各省其(qi)(qi)方(fang),親至(zhi)其(qi)(qi)山,柴祭燔燎),〔夏〕商(shang)則未聞所(suo)損益,周鑒(jian)於(wu)(wu)二代,十有(you)二歲(sui),王巡狩殷(國,亦有(you))事(shi)(shi)於(wu)(wu)方(fang)岳(yue),祀(si)以(yi)圭(璧,樂奏六(liu)歌),高祖初興,改(gai)秦淫祀(si)。太(tai)宗(zong)承(cheng)循,各詔(zhao)有(you)司,其(qi)(qi)山川在諸(zhu)侯者,以(yi)時祠(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)。孝武(wu)皇(huang)帝修(xiu)封禪之(zhi)(zhi)(禮(li)(li)),〔恩〕登(deng)假之(zhi)(zhi)道,巡省五(wu)岳(yue),禋(yin)祀(si)豐〔備〕,故立(li)宮(gong)其(qi)(qi)下,宮(gong)曰(yue)(yue)集靈(ling)宮(gong),壂(dian)曰(yue)(yue)存(cun)仙壂(dian),門(men)(men)曰(yue)(yue)望(wang)仙門(men)(men)。仲宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)世,重使(shi)使(shi)者持(chi)(節祀(si))焉,歲(sui)一禱而三祠(ci)(ci),后不承(cheng)前(qian),(至(zhi))於(wu)(wu)亡(wang)新(xin),寖用丘虛,迄今(jin)垣趾營兆猶存(cun),建武(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)元,事(shi)(shi)舉其(qi)(qi)中,禮(li)(li)從其(qi)(qi)省,但使(shi)二千(qian)石以(yi)歲(sui)時往(祠(ci)(ci)),其(qi)(qi)有(you)風旱(han),禱請祈(qi)求,靡不報(bao)應(ying),自是(shi)以(yi)來(lai),百有(you)余年(nian),有(you)事(shi)(shi)西(xi)(xi)巡,輒過亨祭,然(ran)其(qi)(qi)所(suo)立(li)碑石,刻(紀時事(shi)(shi)),文字摩滅,莫能(neng)存(cun)識,延熹四(si)年(nian)七月甲(jia)子,弘農大守安國亭侯汝南袁逢,掌崋岳(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)主位,應(ying)古制修(xiu)廢起頓,閔其(qi)(qi)若茲,深達和民(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)神之(zhi)(zhi)義,精通誠至(zhi)礿祭之(zhi)(zhi)福,乃案經傳所(suo)載,原本(ben)所(suo)由,銘勒(le)斯(si)石,垂之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)后,其(qi)(qi)辭曰(yue)(yue):
巖巖西(xi)岳,峻極穹蒼,奄有河朔,遂(sui)荒崋陽(yang),觸石(shi)興云,雨我農(nong)桑,資糧品物,亦相瑤光(guang),崇冠二州,古曰雝梁,馮(feng)於豳岐(qi),文武克(ke)昌,天子展(zhan)義,巡狩省方,玉帛之(zhi)贄,禮與岱亢(kang),六樂之(zhi)變,舞以致(zhi)康,在漢中葉,建設(she)宇(yu)堂,山岳之(zhi)守,是秩(zhi)是望,侯惟安(an)國,兼(jian)命(ming)斯(si)章(zhang),尊(zun)修靈基,肅共壇場(chang),明德惟馨(xin),神歆(xin)其芳(fang),遏禳兇札,?#91;斂吉祥,歲其有年,民〔說〕無疆。
袁府(fu)君(jun)(jun)肅恭明神,易碑飾闕,會(hui)遷京(jing)兆(zhao)尹,孫(sun)府(fu)君(jun)(jun)到,欽(qin)若(ruo)嘉業,遵而成之,延熹八年四(si)月廿九日甲子就,袁府(fu)君(jun)(jun)諱(hui)逢,字(zi)周(zhou)陽(yang),汝南女(nv)陽(yang)人,孫(sun)府(fu)君(jun)(jun)諱(hui)璆,字(zi)山(shan)陵,安平(ping)信都(dou)人,時(shi)令朱頡,字(zi)宣得(de),甘陵鄃(yu)人,丞張昉(fang),字(zi)少游,河(he)(he)南京(jing)人,左尉唐佑,字(zi)君(jun)(jun)惠,河(he)(he)南密(mi)人,主者(zhe)(zhe)掾崋陰王萇,字(zi)得(de)長,京(jing)兆(zhao)尹?監都(dou)水掾霸陵〔杜遷〕市石,遣(qian)〔書〕佐(zuo)新豐郭(guo)?察(cha)書,刻者(zhe)(zhe)潁(ying)川邯鄲公修〔蘇〕張,工郭(guo)君(jun)(jun)〔遷〕。
清代朱(zhu)彝尊評此碑(bei)(bei)說(shuo):“漢(han)隸(li)凡三種(zhong)(zhong),一種(zhong)(zhong)方整,一種(zhong)(zhong)流麗,一種(zhong)(zhong)奇古(gu)。惟(wei)延熹(xi)《華岳碑(bei)(bei)》正變乖合,靡所不有,兼三者(zhe)之長(chang),當為(wei)漢(han)隸(li)第一品。”方朔《枕經堂(tang)金石書畫提拔》中云:“字(zi)(zi)字(zi)(zi)起(qi)棱,筆(bi)筆(bi)如鑄,意(yi)包千(qian)古(gu),勢壓三峰(feng)。”(《金石文(wen)(wen)字(zi)(zi)跋尾》)。劉熙載也(ye)說(shuo):“漢(han)碑(bei)(bei)蕭散如韓敕、孔宙,嚴(yan)密如衡方、張遷(qian),皆隸(li)之盛也(ye),若華山廟碑(bei)(bei),磅礴(bo)郁積,流漓(li)頓挫(cuo),意(yi)味(wei)尤不可窮極。”。”《華山碑(bei)(bei)》傳(chuan)世拓本只(zhi)有四種(zhong)(zhong):長(chang)垣本,華陰本,四明本,李(li)文(wen)(wen)田(tian)本。除長(chang)垣本為(wei)宋拓外(wai),其余均為(wei)明拓。此次印行(xing)之拓即為(wei)長(chang)垣本,惜原物已(yi)流入(ru)日本。