全稱《西岳華山廟碑》,延熹(xi)四年(nian)(公元161年(nian))四月刻,是(shi)漢碑隸書成(cheng)熟時期的(de)代表作之一。
漢隸——華山碑
漢(han)(han)代(dai)隸(li)書。全稱《西岳(yue)華山廟碑(bei)》,延熹四年(公元161年)四月刻,此碑(bei)與《禮器碑(bei)》一樣(yang)被(bei)譽為(wei)漢(han)(han)隸(li)中典范,結字(zi)堂堂正(zheng)正(zheng),字(zi)、行(xing)(xing)距齊整,波(bo)磔(zhe)秀美。碑(bei)原(yuan)在陜西華陰(yin)縣西岳(yue)廟中,明嘉靖三(san)十四年(一五(wu)五(wu)五(wu))毀(hui)于地震。隸(li)書,二十二行(xing)(xing),行(xing)(xing)三(san)十八字(zi)。額篆書“西岳(yue)華山廟碑(bei)”六字(zi)。末行(xing)(xing)有(you)“郭香查(cha)書”字(zi)樣(yang)。《華山碑(bei)》是漢(han)(han)碑(bei)隸(li)屬成熟時期的(de)代(dai)表作之一。書風樸(pu)茂古拙又(you)圓轉流動;用筆豐(feng)滿中和(he)又(you)波(bo)磔(zhe)明顯,為(wei)書家(jia)所推重。
周(zhou)禮(li)職方(fang)氏,(河南山(shan)鎮曰(yue)(yue)崋,謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西岳(yue),春秋傳曰(yue)(yue),山(shan)岳(yue)則配天(tian)(tian),乾?定)位(wei),山(shan)澤通(tong)氣,云行雨施(shi),既成萬物,易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義(也,祀(si)典曰(yue)(yue):日(ri)月星辰,所(suo)昭昂也,地理山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan),所(suo)生殖也,功)加於(wu)民(min),祀(si)以(yi)(yi)報之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。禮(li)記曰(yue)(yue):天(tian)(tian)子(zi)祭(ji)天(tian)(tian)地,及(山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan),歲(sui)(sui)(sui)?焉(yan),自(zi)三五(wu)(wu)迭(die)興(xing),其(qi)(qi)(qi)奉山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan),或在(zai)天(tian)(tian)子(zi),或在(zai)(諸侯(hou),是(shi)以(yi)(yi)唐虞疇咨(zi)四岳(yue),五(wu)(wu)歲(sui)(sui)(sui)壹巡狩(shou),皆以(yi)(yi)四(時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中月,各省(sheng)其(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang),親(qin)至其(qi)(qi)(qi)山(shan),柴祭(ji)燔(fan)燎),〔夏〕商(shang)則未聞(wen)所(suo)損益,周(zhou)鑒於(wu)二代(dai),十(shi)有(you)二歲(sui)(sui)(sui),王巡狩(shou)殷(yin)(國,亦有(you))事於(wu)方(fang)岳(yue),祀(si)以(yi)(yi)圭(璧,樂奏六歌),高祖初興(xing),改秦(qin)淫祀(si)。太(tai)宗承(cheng)(cheng)循,各詔有(you)司,其(qi)(qi)(qi)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)在(zai)諸侯(hou)者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)時祠(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。孝武(wu)皇(huang)帝修(xiu)封禪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(禮(li)),〔恩〕登假之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,巡省(sheng)五(wu)(wu)岳(yue),禋祀(si)豐〔備〕,故(gu)立宮其(qi)(qi)(qi)下(xia),宮曰(yue)(yue)集靈(ling)宮,壂(dian)曰(yue)(yue)存(cun)仙壂(dian),門(men)(men)曰(yue)(yue)望(wang)仙門(men)(men)。仲宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世,重(zhong)使使者(zhe)持(chi)(節(jie)祀(si))焉(yan),歲(sui)(sui)(sui)一(yi)禱(dao)而三祠(ci),后不承(cheng)(cheng)前(qian),(至)於(wu)亡新,寖用(yong)丘虛,迄今垣趾營兆猶存(cun),建(jian)武(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元,事舉(ju)其(qi)(qi)(qi)中,禮(li)從(cong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)省(sheng),但(dan)使二千石以(yi)(yi)歲(sui)(sui)(sui)時往(祠(ci)),其(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)風(feng)旱(han),禱(dao)請(qing)祈求,靡不報應,自(zi)是(shi)以(yi)(yi)來(lai),百有(you)余(yu)年,有(you)事西巡,輒過(guo)亨(heng)祭(ji),然其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)立碑石,刻(紀(ji)時事),文字摩滅,莫能存(cun)識,延熹四年七(qi)月甲子(zi),弘農大守安國亭侯(hou)汝南袁逢,掌崋岳(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主位(wei),應古制(zhi)修(xiu)廢(fei)起(qi)頓(dun),閔其(qi)(qi)(qi)若茲(zi),深達和民(min)事神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義,精(jing)通(tong)誠至礿祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福,乃案經傳所(suo)載,原本所(suo)由(you),銘勒斯石,垂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)后,其(qi)(qi)(qi)辭曰(yue)(yue):
巖巖西岳,峻極(ji)穹蒼,奄有河朔(shuo),遂荒崋陽,觸石興云,雨我農桑(sang),資糧品物(wu),亦相瑤(yao)光,崇冠二州,古曰雝梁,馮於(wu)豳岐,文武克昌,天(tian)子展義(yi),巡狩省方(fang),玉帛之(zhi)贄,禮與岱(dai)亢,六樂(le)之(zhi)變,舞以致康(kang),在漢中葉,建(jian)設宇堂,山岳之(zhi)守,是秩是望(wang),侯(hou)惟安國,兼命斯章,尊修靈(ling)基,肅共壇場,明德惟馨,神歆其(qi)芳,遏禳(rang)兇(xiong)札,?#91;斂吉(ji)祥(xiang),歲其(qi)有年,民(min)〔說〕無疆。
袁府君(jun)肅恭明神,易碑飾(shi)闕(que),會遷(qian)京(jing)兆尹(yin),孫府君(jun)到(dao),欽若嘉(jia)業,遵而成之(zhi),延熹八年四月廿九日甲子就,袁府君(jun)諱逢(feng),字(zi)(zi)(zi)周(zhou)陽,汝南女陽人,孫府君(jun)諱璆,字(zi)(zi)(zi)山陵(ling),安(an)平信都人,時令(ling)朱頡,字(zi)(zi)(zi)宣得(de),甘陵(ling)鄃人,丞張(zhang)(zhang)昉,字(zi)(zi)(zi)少(shao)游,河南京(jing)人,左尉唐佑,字(zi)(zi)(zi)君(jun)惠,河南密人,主者掾崋陰(yin)王萇,字(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)長,京(jing)兆尹(yin)?監都水掾霸陵(ling)〔杜遷(qian)〕市石,遣〔書〕佐新豐郭(guo)?察書,刻者潁川邯鄲公(gong)修〔蘇(su)〕張(zhang)(zhang),工郭(guo)君(jun)〔遷(qian)〕。
清代(dai)朱彝(yi)尊評此碑(bei)(bei)(bei)說:“漢(han)隸(li)凡三種(zhong)(zhong),一種(zhong)(zhong)方整,一種(zhong)(zhong)流(liu)麗,一種(zhong)(zhong)奇古(gu)。惟延熹《華岳碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》正變乖(guai)合,靡所不(bu)有,兼三者之長(chang),當(dang)為漢(han)隸(li)第(di)一品。”方朔《枕經堂金石書畫(hua)提(ti)拔》中云:“字字起棱,筆(bi)筆(bi)如(ru)鑄,意(yi)包千古(gu),勢壓三峰。”(《金石文字跋尾》)。劉(liu)熙載也說:“漢(han)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)蕭散如(ru)韓敕、孔宙,嚴密(mi)如(ru)衡(heng)方、張遷,皆隸(li)之盛也,若華山(shan)廟碑(bei)(bei)(bei),磅礴郁積,流(liu)漓頓(dun)挫,意(yi)味尤不(bu)可窮極。”。”《華山(shan)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)》傳世拓本(ben)(ben)(ben)只有四(si)(si)種(zhong)(zhong):長(chang)垣本(ben)(ben)(ben),華陰本(ben)(ben)(ben),四(si)(si)明本(ben)(ben)(ben),李(li)文田本(ben)(ben)(ben)。除長(chang)垣本(ben)(ben)(ben)為宋拓外,其(qi)余均(jun)為明拓。此次印行之拓即為長(chang)垣本(ben)(ben)(ben),惜原物(wu)已流(liu)入日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。