丘師墓志(zhi),即《大唐(tang)故(gu)郿(mei)城縣開國公丘府君之墓志(zhi)銘》,2008年在陜西西安市長安區出土,墓志(zhi)36行(xing),行(xing)36字(zi)。共存字(zi)1219字(zi),該(gai)志(zhi)石現藏(zang)于河(he)南洛(luo)陽。被認為(wei)是歐陽詢所書。
墓志的主人丘(qiu)師(shi),歷史(shi)記載中(zhong)叫丘(qiu)師(shi)利,是唐朝的開國元老。
在墓志中,大量篇幅提到此人(ren)擁兵(bing)起義反隋,歸附(fu)唐王李淵,立(li)下(xia)戰功無數,入唐后(hou),先后(hou)輔佐高祖、太宗(zong),于(yu)貞觀(guan)十四(si)年(nian)去世。貞觀(guan)十五年(nian),丘師(shi)利與妻子合葬于(yu)長(chang)安(an)縣。
而大書(shu)法家歐(ou)陽(yang)(yang)詢恰(qia)恰(qia)也是這一年(nian),于85歲高齡故去的,所以很(hen)多人認為(wei),這個小墓志楷(kai)書(shu),是歐(ou)陽(yang)(yang)詢最后一篇作(zuo)品(pin)。
大(da)唐故使持節都督(du)冀深貝(bei)宗四州諸軍事冀州都督(du)銀青光祿大(da)夫上柱(zhu)國(guo)郿(mei)城縣(xian)開(kai)國(guo)公丘(qiu)公墓志(zhi)并序
君諱師,字行(xing)則,河(he)南洛陽人(ren)也(ye)。神功夐遠(yuan),齊圣與日(ri)月(yue)爭光(guang);天德(de)(de)清(qing)明(ming),波瀾與滄溟俱(ju)濬(jun)。昔者(zhe)分枝(zhi)祚土,百(bai)代(dai)紹(shao)其芳音;開(kai)國(guo)(guo)混書,七族纂(zuan)(zuan)其徽烈(lie)。世(shi)(shi)襲臺袞,于斯為(wei)(wei)盛。祖(zu)壽,鎮東將軍(jun)、右光(guang)祿(lu)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、車(che)騎(qi)大(da)將軍(jun)、野(ye)王縣(xian)開(kai)國(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。明(ming)允篤誠,風神卓穎。考和,隨(sui)左(zuo)(zuo)御衛(wei)大(da)將軍(jun)、交(jiao)阯(zhi)郡太守(shou),皇(huang)(huang)朝(chao)使持節(jie)、交(jiao)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)大(da)總管(guan)、上(shang)柱(zhu)國(guo)(guo)、特進、譚國(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),贈荊州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)大(da)都(dou)(dou)督(du)(du),謚襄公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。鴻材愽喻(yu),忠規邁(mai)俗。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)纂(zuan)(zuan)承(cheng)馀緒,聿修堂搆。條條秀發,珪(gui)璧挺生(sheng)(sheng);祑祑德(de)(de)音,含章(zhang)自遠(yuan)。故得紹(shao)茲(zi)茅社,仰遵庭蔭。炎精啟運,早(zao)擅(shan)英(ying)聲(sheng)。開(kai)皇(huang)(huang)七年(nian)(nian),襲封(feng)蒲城(cheng)侯。大(da)業元(yuan)年(nian)(nian),以(yi)(yi)(yi)千牛入侍,國(guo)(guo)華(hua)(hua)朝(chao)彥,方(fang)膺斯舉;雄(xiong)(xiong)圖日(ri)益,壯思彌登(deng)。尋值(zhi)百(bai)六(liu)(liu)(liu)道終(zhong),九州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幅(fu)裂。奔(ben)鯨(jing)失(shi)水,躍龍將飛(fei)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鞠旅(lv)豳岐,屯兵(bing)涇(jing)渭(wei)。承(cheng)間使傳,接引義兵(bing)。逆(ni)豎逋誅,潛謀梟虜。義寧(ning)(ning)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)于長(chang)樂(le)宮奉見太武(wu)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di),蒙(meng)授左(zuo)(zuo)光(guang)祿(lu)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、郿城(cheng)縣(xian)開(kai)國(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),食邑千戶(hu)。于時(shi)秦隴蜂飛(fei),涇(jing)寧(ning)(ning)蟻聚,各相吞噬,未(wei)懾皇(huang)(huang)威。以(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)扶風道招慰大(da)使,闡風楊教(jiao),咸喜來蘇(su)。分職授官(guan),無非舉直。加(jia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)柱(zhu)國(guo)(guo)、左(zuo)(zuo)驍衛(wei)將軍(jun)。今上(shang)地居(ju)當璧,樹德(de)(de)在田(tian),廣引群英(ying),旁招儁(jun)乂,以(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)左(zuo)(zuo)二護軍(jun),董統鷹楊,參(can)籌(chou)帷幄。薛舉狂悖,武(wu)周(zhou)跋扈,世(shi)(shi)充僭逆(ni),建(jian)德(de)(de)窺窬,黑闥憑(ping)陵(ling),員朗肆暴,各騁雄(xiong)(xiong)武(wu),競(jing)思逐鹿。今上(shang)稟律專(zhuan)征,援(yuan)麾薄伐,長(chang)轡遠(yuan)馭,東亙滄海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)表;密綱遐(xia)張,西罩(zhao)流(liu)沙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外。元(yuan)戎(rong)所加(jia),冰(bing)泮(pan)幾解(jie)。加(jia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)柱(zhu)國(guo)(guo)、左(zuo)(zuo)監門(men)將軍(jun)。冀(ji)方(fang)形勝,地接燕胡(hu)。招儁(jun)撫納(na),維良斯俟。除(chu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)使持節(jie)、都(dou)(dou)督(du)(du)冀(ji)深(shen)(shen)貝宗四(si)(si)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)諸軍(jun)事、冀(ji)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)都(dou)(dou)督(du)(du)。宣猷千里(li),布(bu)政(zheng)六(liu)(liu)(liu)條。易俗移風,治煩(fan)求瘼。嘉(jia)聲(sheng)令譽,簡在帝(di)心。主上(shang)賓(bin)于四(si)(si)門(men),龍飛(fei)九五,加(jia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)散騎(qi)常侍,改(gai)都(dou)(dou)督(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)刺史,增封(feng)三(san)百(bai)戶(hu),并前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)千三(san)百(bai)戶(hu)。既而任(ren)遠(yuan)親老(lao),思展扶侍,表請還(huan)京(jing),終(zhong)其孝道。驂騑載(zai)馳,士(shi)女追送,再臨無冀(ji),一(yi)(yi)(yi)借難期。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)年(nian)(nian)將指使,心勤就(jiu)養,溫清(qing)朝(chao)夕,孜孜弗怠。豈圖風樹不靜,霜草易零(ling);逝(shi)水靡留(liu),隙駒(ju)難駐。哀纏(chan)孺(ru)慕(mu),痛(tong)心觸(chu)目。鑚燧(sui)屢改(gai),新馨(xin)頻(pin)登(deng)。缞(cui)服(fu)外除(chu),內疚未(wei)歇(xie)。方(fang)冀(ji)神道福(fu)仁,永(yong)作臺輔。憖遺不驗,興善無徵,氣疾彌留(liu),奄(yan)臻大(da)漸(jian)。十(shi)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)十(shi)日(ri)薨于雍州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)安之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第,春秋(qiu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)有二。慟(tong)發三(san)宮,悲纏(chan)四(si)(si)體。窮號荼毒,創鉅痛(tong)深(shen)(shen)。敕賜布(bu)絹二百(bai)六(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)段,棺(guan)槨斂服(fu),喪事所須,務在周(zhou)備。給鼓(gu)吹一(yi)(yi)(yi)部,前(qian)后(hou)羽儀,仍遣六(liu)(liu)(liu)品官(guan)人(ren)監護,謚曰宜公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),禮也(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)閻氏,即(ji)隨(sui)奉車(che)都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)、車(che)騎(qi)將軍(jun)才之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女也(ye)。祖(zu)慶(qing),周(zhou)寧(ning)(ning)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)總管(guan)、上(shang)柱(zhu)國(guo)(guo)、大(da)安郡開(kai)國(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),隨(sui)贈荊州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)總管(guan)、司(si)空公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),謚曰成公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)四(si)(si)德(de)(de)優閑,六(liu)(liu)(liu)行(xing)具舉,以(yi)(yi)(yi)茲(zi)令淑,永(yong)言作配。而風燭(zhu)不留(liu),逝(shi)川迅(xun)疾,舜華(hua)(hua)沉彩,夭桃落滋。以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)業七年(nian)(nian)三(san)月(yue)十(shi)七日(ri)薨于岐州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)郿縣(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第,春秋(qiu)卅(sa)。合(he)巹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慶(qing),已對生(sheng)(sheng)前(qian);同穴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)儀,重光(guang)身(shen)后(hou)。曰以(yi)(yi)(yi)貞(zhen)觀十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)歲次辛丑二月(yue)壬(ren)辰(chen)朔(shuo)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)壬(ren)寅(yin)合(he)葬于雍州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)安縣(xian)同樂(le)鄉細柳(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)。嗣子左(zuo)(zuo)屯衛(wei)龍泉府(fu)果毅都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)臨濟子英(ying)起(qi)、第二子右衛(wei)高陵(ling)府(fu)果毅都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)神儼等(deng)跼天永(yong)慕(mu),蹐地長(chang)號,思鞠養之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩深(shen)(shen),想微禽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及哺。憲德(de)(de)音之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泯(min)滅(mie),冀(ji)芳風之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有裕。俳徊白鶴(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墳(fen),擗(pi)踴青(qing)鳥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墓。豐(feng)桓既勒,九原(yuan)寧(ning)(ning)曙。其辭曰:軒(xuan)丘(qiu)著德(de)(de),鼎(ding)壺(hu)誕(dan)圣。弈世(shi)(shi)重光(guang),天暉載(zai)暎(ying)。魏皇(huang)(huang)同軌,枝(zhi)分七姓(xing)。如松之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)茂,如竹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勁。袞黼斯隆(long),簪裾日(ri)盛。惟(wei)祖(zu)惟(wei)父,剋(ke)廣休命。伊公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)懋德(de)(de),紹(shao)茲(zi)嘉(jia)慶(qing)。文兼書葉,武(wu)則佐時(shi)。三(san)邊是濟,一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)所資。德(de)(de)匡誓牧(mu),道贊升陑(er)。素衣朱繡,服(fu)冕丹墀。六(liu)(liu)(liu)條斯總,千里(li)寔司(si)。永(yong)言賢(xian)配,維閻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姖。邽家既整(zheng),閨門(men)以(yi)(yi)(yi)治。舜華(hua)(hua)先落,瓊枝(zhi)遽殞。令譽誰宣,德(de)(de)音長(chang)泯(min)。慟(tong)感性旆,悲纏(chan)去蜃。白馬(ma)連(lian)鑣,素車(che)接軫。茫茫泉戶(hu),郁(yu)(yu)郁(yu)(yu)佳城(cheng)。白鶴(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墓,青(qing)松之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)塋。桑田(tian)有變,河(he)水徒(tu)清(qing)。孝思惟(wei)則,永(yong)邵嘉(jia)聲(sheng)。
墓志中的(de)(de)字,與歐陽詢(xun)晚年風(feng)格(ge)相(xiang)近,結體平正(zheng)中見欹側,端莊中見靈動(dong),穿插避讓(rang)生動(dong)自然。由于接近小楷,筆(bi)畫(hua)相(xiang)當(dang)精致,刻(ke)工也(ye)相(xiang)當(dang)精到,由于新(xin)鮮出(chu)土,保存完好,忠(zhong)實還原(yuan)了一千年前(qian)的(de)(de)書寫風(feng)神(shen)。