芒果视频下载

重慶市(shi)榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)區四寶之一的榮(rong)(rong)昌(chang)折扇，經(jing)歷代藝人刻苦(ku)鉆研、精工(gong)創制，逐(zhu)步發展成為具有獨特風格的中國傳統工(gong)藝品，其精雅宜士人，其華燦宜艷女(nv)。深受各階層(ceng)人民喜愛。古人曾有詩贊(zan)曰：“開合清風紙半張，隨機舒卷(juan)豈尋常；金(jin)環并束龍腰細，玉(yu)柵齊編鳳翅長，偏稱游人攜袖(xiu)里，不勞侍女(nv)執(zhi)花傍；宮羅舊賜休相妒，還汝團圓共夜涼。

2019年(nian)11月，《國家級非(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺產代表性項(xiang)目保護單(dan)位名單(dan)》公(gong)布，重(zhong)慶(qing)市(shi)榮(rong)昌區文化館獲得榮(rong)昌折扇項(xiang)目保護單(dan)位資格(ge)。

產品特點

折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)雖是(shi)日用小(xiao)商品，但獨具收則折(zhe)(zhe)疊，用則撒開，折(zhe)(zhe)撒自如，攜帶方便的特(te)點(dian)。榮昌(chang)折(zhe)(zhe)扇(shan)造型輕盈靈巧，線條外園內方，明(ming)快流(liu)暢(chang)；其選料(liao)考究，制作精細，工藝(yi)精湛，是(shi)實用與工藝(yi)相(xiang)結合的日用佳品。由(you)于(yu)品種(zhong)齊(qi)全，花色繁多(duo)，高、中、低(di)檔(dang)產(chan)品均有，可謂男(nan)女老(lao)少皆宜，雅俗共賞(shang)，深受(shou)各(ge)階層人(ren)士的喜愛。

主要分類

榮昌各(ge)廠家在繼承(cheng)傳統工藝的基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，引(yin)進(jin)新技術，新工藝，采用新材料，生產(chan)各(ge)種工藝折扇(shan)(shan)、舞(wu)蹈綢扇(shan)(shan)、絹扇(shan)(shan)，書(shu)畫工藝掛扇(shan)(shan)、旅游(you)扇(shan)(shan)、廣告扇(shan)(shan)等(deng)十(shi)多類品(pin)(pin)種，中(zhong)、高檔系列產(chan)品(pin)(pin)是(shi)：各(ge)式舞(wu)蹈綢扇(shan)(shan)、竹扇(shan)(shan)、金楠紙扇(shan)(shan)、金楠綢扇(shan)(shan)、竹節綢扇(shan)(shan)、雕刻綢扇(shan)(shan)、棕玉綢扇(shan)(shan)（含(han)全棕）、壁(bi)掛宣紙裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)大扇(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛綢裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)大扇(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛雕刻裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)大扇(shan)(shan)（以上(shang)均含(han)書(shu)畫扇(shan)(shan)）等(deng)。其消費功(gong)(gong)能除具(ju)有折扇(shan)(shan)的普通功(gong)(gong)能外(wai)，還普遍用于廣告載體、禮品(pin)(pin)贈送、紀(ji)念品(pin)(pin)發放、強身健(jian)體、文藝匯演(yan)、室內(nei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)、藝術收(shou)藏(zang)等(deng)消費領域。

發展歷史

榮昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，從農耕時(shi)(shi)(shi)代走向信息時(shi)(shi)(shi)代，歷(li)(li)經400多年悠悠歷(li)(li)史(shi)。據《榮昌縣志》記載，折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)古稱(cheng)聚(ju)頭(tou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，又名卷扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。根據歷(li)(li)史(shi)記載是唐朝日本遣唐使朝賀皇帝唐太宗以貢品(pin)入國，當時(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)倭扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。宋(song)代倭扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)開始(shi)在官家和民間廣泛出現，并規模生產。《夷堅(jian)志》上(shang)也(ye)說:宋(song)高(gao)宗有折(zhe)疊扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),以玉孩兒為(wei)(wei)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)墜(zhui)。”而真正全(quan)面被(bei)百姓所喜(xi)歡和普(pu)及是明朝。

榮昌(chang)折(zhe)(zhe)扇明朝(chao)(chao)嘉靖年間由朝(chao)(chao)鮮傳入(ru)工藝(yi)。當時(shi)，榮昌(chang)城(cheng)北響石板一帶(dai)農民利(li)用農閑(xian)時(shi)間，以榮昌(chang)當地盛(sheng)產的黃(huang)竹制作扇心扇夾(jia)，糊上黑紙，生(sheng)(sheng)產硬青、皮底(di)兩類折(zhe)(zhe)扇，在(zai)集市上出售。至明朝(chao)(chao)萬歷(li)(li)年間已成朝(chao)(chao)廷貢品。歷(li)(li)史有記載明朝(chao)(chao)護(hu)送貢品耽擱二被(bei)問罪。明清兩朝(chao)(chao)在(zai)榮昌(chang)設二品官(guan)(guan)負責折(zhe)(zhe)扇造辦和貢品押(ya)運（在(zai)原(yuan)國(guo)營折(zhe)(zhe)扇廠(chang)原(yuan)址(zhi)曾(ceng)有官(guan)(guan)碑(bei)記錄）至嘉慶、道(dao)光年間，折(zhe)(zhe)扇生(sheng)(sheng)產因為移民擴充有了一個更大大發展時(shi)期，由副業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產走向(xiang)專(zhuan)業(ye)化生(sheng)(sheng)產而集中于縣(xian)城(cheng)。

榮昌折扇(shan)(shan)，以棕(zong)(zong)竹(zhu)、毛竹(zhu)為(wei)之，被(bei)稱為(wei)懷(huai)袖雅物。榮昌折扇(shan)(shan)在光緒初年(nian)(nian)(nian)開始采用(yong)楠竹(zhu)扇(shan)(shan)心、扇(shan)(shan)夾和質(zhi)地(di)更(geng)為(wei)堅韌，花紋(wen)自(zi)然(ran)美觀的(de)棕(zong)(zong)竹(zhu)扇(shan)(shan)夾，折扇(shan)(shan)品種(zhong)新增全(quan)楠、正棕(zong)(zong)、穿葉串子(zi)三大(da)類，刁、嵌(qian)、漆(qi)(qi)、繪等也用(yong)于折扇(shan)(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。城(cheng)中扇(shan)(shan)鋪發(fa)展到(dao)(dao)四(si)十余(yu)(yu)家，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)攤(tan)子(zi)戶(hu)達(da)100余(yu)(yu)家，最(zui)高年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量400萬把(ba)，除在省(sheng)銷售外，還遠銷云南、貴州、陜(shan)西等省(sheng)，成為(wei)榮昌頗負盛(sheng)名的(de)特產(chan)(chan)(chan)之一。這是折扇(shan)(shan)業(ye)的(de)興盛(sheng)時期(qi)。到(dao)(dao)1912年(nian)(nian)(nian)，折扇(shan)(shan)會員登(deng)記名冊記載，先后經營(ying)此業(ye)仍保(bao)留會籍者(zhe)，已達(da)202家行(xing)號(hao)，足見其(qi)源遠與(yu)興盛(sheng)。辛亥革(ge)命成功后，折扇(shan)(shan)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝日臻(zhen)完美。漆(qi)(qi)、刁、嵌(qian)、刻、燙花、小磨(mo)、鐵金、銀粉寫(xie)畫(hua)等技藝廣泛應用(yong)于串葉白(bai)扇(shan)(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，深受(shou)各界人士喜愛而風行(xing)一時。5年(nian)(nian)(nian)內(nei)(nei)，城(cheng)內(nei)(nei)折扇(shan)(shan)經營(ying)店鋪達(da)100多(duo)家，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)攤(tan)子(zi)戶(hu)500多(duo)戶(hu)，專業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人3000人，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)折扇(shan)(shan)506萬把(ba)，除國內(nei)(nei)諸省(sheng)市之外，還遠銷泰國、印(yin)度、緬(mian)甸等國家，達(da)到(dao)(dao)鼎盛(sheng)。據說當時榮昌折扇(shan)(shan)的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量超(chao)過(guo)了蘇杭折扇(shan)(shan)的(de)總和。榮昌折扇(shan)(shan)能生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)全(quan)楠、正棕(zong)(zong)、硬青、皮底、全(quan)棕(zong)(zong)、羽(yu)毛、綢面吊尾舞(wu)蹈(dao)、串子(zi)、漆(qi)(qi)嵌(qian)等11大(da)類，345個花色，可謂琳(lin)瑯滿目，繁花似錦。別(bie)看一把(ba)小小的(de)折扇(shan)(shan)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)就有16個，工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)則(ze)有146個。

中國(guo)四(si)大(da)名(ming)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)--榮(rong)(rong)昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（巴蜀(shu)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)），始(shi)于1551年(nian)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)嘉靖(jing)年(nian)間，明(ming)(ming)末已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)貢(gong)品(pin)入朝。產(chan)(chan)品(pin)以(yi)其(qi)精湛的(de)工(gong)業(ye)制作而(er)早已(yi)聞(wen)名(ming)于海內外(wai)。其(qi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)必然代(dai)(dai)表(biao)企業(ye)--重(zhong)慶(qing)市榮(rong)(rong)昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)（重(zhong)慶(qing)市榮(rong)(rong)昌折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有限(xian)公司）。早已(yi)是公認的(de)我國(guo)中西部地(di)(di)區中、高檔折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)最大(da)的(de)專業(ye)生產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)家。工(gong)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)坐(zuo)落在榮(rong)(rong)昌縣城，全(quan)(quan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)占地(di)(di)5000余平方(fang)米，建筑面積(ji)達(da)8000平方(fang)米，現有職工(gong)200余人，具有各類專業(ye)人才80余人，年(nian)產(chan)(chan)能力(li)300余萬把。花色品(pin)種多(duo)達(da)170余個，并多(duo)次(ci)榮(rong)(rong)獲(huo)國(guo)家有關權威部門辦法的(de)獎勵證書。一些黨和國(guo)家領導人、省，市政府首腦，大(da)專院校(xiao)(xiao)、鐵(tie)路、航空、金(jin)融、保(bao)險(xian)、著(zhu)名(ming)風景區、知名(ming)工(gong)商(shang)企業(ye)、大(da)型(xing)文藝(yi)團(tuan)體(ti)、知名(ming)人士等(deng)均(jun)(jun)多(duo)次(ci)親臨或員來(lai)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)訂購各式折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)及視察、指導。二(er)00二(er)年(nian)四(si)月，公司440余把雕(diao)刻(ke)書畫(hua)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)進(jin)入AAPP第三界重(zhong)慶(qing)年(nian)會，作為(wei)(wei)專用(yong)(yong)禮品(pin)贈(zeng)(zeng)送參(can)會外(wai)賓。其(qi)主要中、高檔產(chan)(chan)品(pin)系列是：各式舞蹈綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、全(quan)(quan)竹扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、全(quan)(quan)楠(nan)宣紙、全(quan)(quan)楠(nan)綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、竹節(jie)綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雕(diao)刻(ke)綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、棕(zong)玉綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、全(quan)(quan)棕(zong)綢(chou)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛宣紙大(da)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛綢(chou)大(da)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、壁(bi)掛雕(diao)刻(ke)大(da)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（以(yi)上均(jun)(jun)含部分書畫(hua)）等(deng)。其(qi)消費(fei)(fei)功能除具有折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)普通(tong)功能外(wai)，還普遍用(yong)(yong)于廣告載體(ti)、禮品(pin)贈(zeng)(zeng)送、紀念(nian)品(pin)發放、強身健(jian)體(ti)、文藝(yi)演出(chu)、室內裝飾(shi)、藝(yi)術品(pin)收藏(zang)等(deng)消費(fei)(fei)領域。多(duo)年(nian)來(lai)，其(qi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)不僅(jin)銷往全(quan)(quan)國(guo)各地(di)(di)，而(er)且還先后出(chu)口印度、泰(tai)國(guo)、緬甸、日本(ben)等(deng)國(guo)家，深受中外(wai)顧客的(de)厚(hou)愛(ai)。本(ben)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)將繼續(xu)以(yi)“繼承傳統，推陳出(chu)新，引導消費(fei)(fei)，走向世界”為(wei)(wei)宗旨，以(yi)藝(yi)術院校(xiao)(xiao)為(wei)(wei)依托，以(yi)人民消費(fei)(fei)水(shui)品(pin)的(de)不斷變(bian)化為(wei)(wei)目標，不斷開發折(zhe)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)文化、藝(yi)術及觀賞功能，用(yong)(yong)精品(pin)積(ji)極(ji)適應(ying)和引導消費(fei)(fei)，全(quan)(quan)力(li)滿足人民日益增長(chang)的(de)文化、藝(yi)術需求，全(quan)(quan)力(li)滿足各地(di)(di)經銷商(shang)和顧客的(de)服(fu)務需求。

20世(shi)紀(ji)90年(nian)代以來，為(wei)了加(jia)強榮昌折扇(shan)的(de)(de)競爭(zheng)力，各廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)通過合并、資產重(zhong)組、技術(shu)改進，規模逐漸壯大。榮昌折扇(shan)廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)的(de)(de)數量已從幾(ji)十家(jia)減少(shao)到的(de)(de)十幾(ji)家(jia)，具有(you)(you)代表性的(de)(de)有(you)(you)重(zhong)慶(qing)市榮昌折扇(shan)廠(chang)(chang)、重(zhong)慶(qing)榮昌華一扇(shan)廠(chang)(chang)，成為(wei)榮昌折扇(shan)的(de)(de)中流砥柱(zhu)。