羅紋(wen)(wen)硯產地位(wei)于江西省玉(yu)山(shan)(shan)縣懷玉(yu)山(shan)(shan)之東童(tong)坊鄉千(qian)村(cun)際塘坑(keng)(keng)至米坑(keng)(keng)一帶(dai),距玉(yu)山(shan)(shan)縣城約(yue)40公里。羅紋(wen)(wen)石為(wei)含鈣質(zhi)粉(fen)砂板巖,產于震旦紀(ji)地層(ceng)中,其(qi)頂(ding)底板均為(wei)黃綠色粉(fen)砂質(zhi)千(qian)枚巖。天然紋(wen)(wen)飾有(you)玉(yu)帶(dai)紋(wen)(wen)、刷絲(si)紋(wen)(wen)等,其(qi)中還有(you)豆(dou)斑。
玉山羅紋硯(yan)與歙硯(yan)龍尾羅紋硯(yan)在石(shi)質肌理粗與細,疏(shu)與密(mi),聚與散都各(ge)有千秋。
玉山(shan)羅紋由于絹云母含量(liang)低(di),看不見質地肌理(li)(li)上均勻的(de)(de)分布(bu),如珍珠貝殼(ke)光(guang)般的(de)(de)铓點,石質肌理(li)(li)比較粗,密度低(di),性脆,沒有歙硯龍尾羅紋坑的(de)(de)光(guang)澤,而偏灰(hui)。
羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)硯(yan)(yan)亦屬中國(guo)名(ming)(ming)硯(yan)(yan)。唐(tang)宋(song)時產自歙州(zhou)婺源(yuan)羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)山(shan)(shan)。硯(yan)(yan)石(shi)上有羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、有細(xi)羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、粗羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、古犀羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、金絲羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、金星羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、松紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)等(deng)十(shi)余品,因羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)粗細(xi)、形狀、色澤不同而分別題(ti)名(ming)(ming)。唐(tang)大(da)歷元(yuan)年(766年)已有開采。據(ju)清同潔《玉山(shan)(shan)縣志》載:“石(shi)之屬有體青而帶白,紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)直(zhi)而理(li)精者,出(chu)沙溪(xi)嶺,可研(yan)。朱(zhu)子(zi)(熹(xi))稱為懷玉研(yan)。”羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)硯(yan)(yan)結構縝密,紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)若水波,石(shi)面泛著光澤,呵氣成汗;將其沉(chen)入水中,則濕潤如玉。羅(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)硯(yan)(yan)具有發沫細(xi)快(kuai),久磨無粉雜入墨中、貯水不涸等(deng)特點。朱(zhu)熹(xi)在《懷玉硯(yan)(yan)銘》里(li)說(shuo):“……懷玉山(shan)(shan)相連,山(shan)(shan)產硯(yan)(yan)石(shi),蓋歙硯(yan)(yan)之佳者。”參(can)閱宋(song)米芾《硯(yan)(yan)史·歙硯(yan)(yan)婺源(yuan)石(shi)》、唐(tang)積《歙州(zhou)硯(yan)(yan)譜·石(shi)坑》、洪(hong)適《歙硯(yan)(yan)說(shuo)》。