1981年7月9—14日,長江(jiang)上游四(si)川(chuan)盆地廣大(da)地區發生了歷(li)史上罕見(jian)的大(da)面積連(lian)續6天(tian)暴雨(yu),雨(yu)區主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在嘉陵江(jiang)干流(liu)中(zhong)游、涪(fu)江(jiang)中(zhong)下游、沱江(jiang)上中(zhong)游以(yi)及(ji)岷江(jiang)與(yu)渠江(jiang)中(zhong)游部分,致使長江(jiang)上游干流(liu)重慶至宜昌河段出現(xian)了當時建國以(yi)后或歷(li)史上少(shao)見(jian)的洪水。
重慶寸灘站洪(hong)(hong)峰流量高達85700立方米每(mei)秒(miao),成為(wei)當時20世紀(ji)以后的(de)(de)最大洪(hong)(hong)水。由于山洪(hong)(hong)暴發,洪(hong)(hong)水泛(fan)濫,導致了干支流兩岸人(ren)民生命財產和(he)工農(nong)業生產的(de)(de)嚴重損失,受(shou)災(zai)(zai)人(ren)口達1500多(duo)萬人(ren),150萬人(ren)無家可歸,受(shou)淹耕地1300多(duo)萬畝,洪(hong)(hong)災(zai)(zai)造成的(de)(de)直接經濟損失約20億元。
四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)屬亞熱帶氣候,雨量(liang)(liang)充沛,年(nian)雨量(liang)(liang)900—1200毫米,基本上由盆緣山地(di)向盆地(di)腹(fu)部(bu)遞減(jian),雨量(liang)(liang)集中在(zai)(zai)汛期,5—10月(yue)雨量(liang)(liang)約(yue)占全(quan)年(nian)雨量(liang)(liang)的80%,其中暴(bao)雨多(duo)發(fa)生在(zai)(zai)7、8兩月(yue),四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)西部(bu)峨嵋山、川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)東北大(da)巴山南麓(lu)為長江(jiang)流(liu)域主要暴(bao)雨區。四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)災(zai)害頻繁,嘉陵(ling)江(jiang)于流(liu)合(he)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)縣近200年(nian)間大(da)水(shui)淹城(cheng)記載就有(you)13次(ci)之多(duo),涪江(jiang)下游遂寧縣近百年(nian)來也(ye)被淹過(guo)8次(ci)。四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省地(di)形(xing)復雜,局部(bu)地(di)區如—二(er)條水(shui)系發(fa)生大(da)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)的機會(hui)較(jiao)多(duo),而岷(min)江(jiang)、沱江(jiang)、嘉陵(ling)江(jiang)水(shui)系同時發(fa)生大(da)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)的機會(hui)較(jiao)少,1981年(nian)7月(yue)暴(bao)雨洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)則屬于這種類型,歷史上與(yu)其相類似的有(you)1840年(nian)、1870年(nian)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)。
1981年7月9日(ri)到14日(ri),長(chang)江(jiang)上(shang)游(you)四川盆地腹(fu)地出(chu)現大(da)(da)范圍的(de)(de)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)歷時(shi)(shi)1天(tian)。11—13日(ri)三天(tian)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)集中(zhong)(zhong),強度大(da)(da)、范圍廣。其中(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)12日(ri)11時(shi)(shi)至13日(ri)11時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)雨(yu)(yu)強最大(da)(da)。六(liu)天(tian)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)由(you)9—11日(ri)、12—14日(ri)兩次(ci)降雨(yu)(yu)構成(cheng)。9—11日(ri)由(you)東(dong)西向切變造成(cheng)東(dong)北(bei)—西南向暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)帶。雨(yu)(yu)區主要分布在岷(min)、沱、涪(fu)、嘉四江(jiang)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)游(you)。三日(ri)總(zong)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)在105毫(hao)(hao)米以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)心有4個,其中(zhong)(zhong)安寧橋站(zhan)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)206.1毫(hao)(hao)米為(wei)最大(da)(da)。三日(ri)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于100毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)籠罩(zhao)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)15048平方(fang)(fang)公里。12一(yi)14日(ri)由(you)北(bei)槽南渦的(de)(de)天(tian)氣形勢(shi)繼(ji)續造成(cheng)在岷(min)、沱、涪(fu)、嘉四江(jiang)上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)游(you)大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)或特大(da)(da)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)。三日(ri)總(zong)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)超過(guo)(guo)300毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)心有5個,其中(zhong)(zhong)位于嘉陵(ling)江(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)游(you)的(de)(de)上(shang)寺(si)站(zhan)439.7毫(hao)(hao)米為(wei)最大(da)(da)。暴(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)雨(yu)(yu)籠罩(zhao)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)遠(yuan)大(da)(da)于9—11日(ri)降雨(yu)(yu)過(guo)(guo)程。三日(ri)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于100毫(hao)(hao)米的(de)(de)籠罩(zhao)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)103480平方(fang)(fang)公里。
7月12日(ri)(ri)為降(jiang)雨(yu)最集中的一(yi)天,范圍(wei)(wei)也(ye)廣,雨(yu)帶呈東北—西南向。日(ri)(ri)雨(yu)量(liang)超過(guo)200毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)的有4個(ge)站,籠罩面積3700平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公里(li)(li),暴(bao)雨(yu)中心上(shang)寺站的日(ri)(ri)雨(yu)量(liang)為345.8毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)。7月13日(ri)(ri)雨(yu)區(qu)范圍(wei)(wei)增大,大于50毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)的籠罩面積137440平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公里(li)(li)。但強度有所(suo)減弱,日(ri)(ri)雨(yu)量(liang)超過(guo)200毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)的有9個(ge)站,籠罩面積1580平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公里(li)(li),暴(bao)雨(yu)中心在嘉陵江九(jiu)龍(long)山站,日(ri)(ri)雨(yu)量(liang)為242.4毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)。12一(yi)13日(ri)(ri)兩日(ri)(ri)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)占六日(ri)(ri)雨(yu)量(liang)的80—90%。
7月(yue)9—14日六(liu)天暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng),雨(yu)(yu)區(qu)(qu)分(fen)布在雅礱江(jiang)下(xia)游(you)、岷江(jiang)中(zhong)下(xia)游(you)、大(da)(da)渡河下(xia)游(you)、青(qing)衣江(jiang)、沱(tuo)江(jiang)、嘉(jia)(jia)陵(ling)江(jiang)、渠江(jiang)、涪(fu)江(jiang)等地區(qu)(qu)。暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)超過(guo)400毫(hao)米(mi)的有(you)10個站(zhan),分(fen)布在沱(tuo)江(jiang)上游(you)、涪(fu)江(jiang)中(zhong)游(you)、嘉(jia)(jia)陵(ling)江(jiang)中(zhong)游(you),范圍達(da)2600平方(fang)公(gong)里,最大(da)(da)暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)在嘉(jia)(jia)陵(ling)江(jiang)中(zhong)游(you)的上寺站(zhan),雨(yu)(yu)量489.6毫(hao)米(mi)。六(liu)天雨(yu)(yu)量大(da)(da)于300毫(hao)米(mi)的籠罩面(mian)積(ji)近2萬(wan)平方(fang)公(gong)里,大(da)(da)于100毫(hao)米(mi)的籠罩面(mian)積(ji)達(da)17多(duo)平方(fang)公(gong)里。籠罩面(mian)積(ji)之廣,居長江(jiang)上游(you)有(you)實(shi)測資料的首位;特別是大(da)(da)暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)發生在盆地腹部,更(geng)為(wei)少(shao)見。
1981年7月初起至洪水(shui)發生(sheng)前,岷江(jiang)、沱江(jiang)、嘉陵江(jiang)等(deng)水(shui)系幾乎每天都有(you)降雨,其中1—4日(ri)為一次(ci)大面積的暴雨過程。由于暴雨連綿(mian)不斷(duan),使(shi)流(liu)域(yu)內前期土壤含水(shui)量比(bi)較大,各水(shui)系的底水(shui)也較高(gao)。7月9日(ri)開始(shi)此此次(ci)降雨后(hou),各江(jiang)上游相繼于11—12日(ri)開始(shi)漲水(shui)。
岷江處于此次暴雨(yu)區邊(bian)緣,降(jiang)雨(yu)集(ji)中(zhong)在中(zhong)游成都(dou)平(ping)原。控制站(zhan)高場于14日出現洪峰,洪峰流量(liang)25900立(li)方米每(mei)秒,呈雙峰型,小于實測最(zui)大年份1961年6月的34100立(li)方米每(mei)秒,僅為15年間的最(zui)大值。
沱(tuo)江上游(you)處于鹿(lu)頭山暴雨(yu)區(qu),金堂三皇廟(miao)站洪(hong)峰流(liu)量(liang)(liang)達(da)81l0立方米每秒(miao),超過(guo)了歷史最(zui)大(da)洪(hong)水(shui)的(de)1840年(7730立方米每秒(miao)),金堂縣全城被淹。金堂以下區(qu)間暴雨(yu)集(ji)中。控(kong)制站傘(san)家(jia)灣15日出(chu)現(xian)洪(hong)峰流(liu)量(liang)(liang),高達(da)15200立方米每秒(miao),為建國以后的(de)最(zui)大(da)洪(hong)水(shui),與1948年洪(hong)水(shui)(16200立方米每秒(miao))相近,當時居1898年以后的(de)第四位。
嘉(jia)陵(ling)江處(chu)于此次暴雨(yu)中(zhong)心。干流(liu)(liu)金(jin)(jin)銀(yin)臺以上暴雨(yu)集(ji)中(zhong),強度大(da),各支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)洪(hong)水遭遇,金(jin)(jin)銀(yin)臺14日(ri)出現洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)(liu)量31000立方(fang)米每(mei)(mei)(mei)秒,超過了歷史最(zui)大(da)的1903年(2700立方(fang)米每(mei)(mei)(mei)秒),致使下游閬中(zhong)、南部、南充(chong)等縣市(shi)大(da)范圍被淹沒,下游控制(zhi)站武勝15日(ri)出現洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)(liu)量28900立方(fang)米每(mei)(mei)(mei)秒。
西支涪江上中游(you)處于暴雨(yu)的(de)第二中心,射洪(hong)14日(ri)洪(hong)峰流(liu)量25700立方(fang)米每秒,超過(guo)1954年(nian)實測最(zui)大洪(hong)水(shui)(shui),與(yu)1945年(nian)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(26200立方(fang)米每秒)相(xiang)近。下(xia)游(you)控制站小(xiao)河壩15日(ri)洪(hong)峰流(liu)量28700立方(fang)米每秒,超過(guo)了1953年(nian)、1945年(nian)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui),當時為1870年(nian)(29200立方(fang)米每秒)以后的(de)最(zui)大值。
東支渠江(jiang)處(chu)于暴雨邊(bian)緣,控(kong)制站羅渡溪16日(ri)洪(hong)峰流(liu)量為(wei)14800立方米每秒(miao),僅屬(shu)一般(ban)洪(hong)水。
嘉陵江干流(liu)洪(hong)峰(feng)(feng)與渠江洪(hong)峰(feng)(feng)遭遇(yu),加上涪江洪(hong)水的(de)后(hou)(hou)部,致(zhi)使嘉陵江控制站北碚(bei)于16日出(chu)現洪(hong)峰(feng)(feng)流(liu)量高達44800立方米(mi)每(mei)秒,大(da)大(da)超(chao)過了建國以后(hou)(hou)實測最大(da)的(de)1975年(nian)洪(hong)水(37100立方米(mi)每(mei)秒),當時為1870年(nian)以后(hou)(hou)的(de)第三大(da)洪(hong)水(1870年(nian)為57300、1903年(nian)為53300立方米(mi)每(mei)秒)。
岷、沱、嘉陵三(san)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),自西向東順序注入(ru)(ru)(ru)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),與處于(yu)(yu)暴雨邊緣的(de)金沙(sha)(sha)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(屏山洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)18600立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),組成寸(cun)灘洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1萬立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)左(zuo)右(you))在(zai)干流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基本(ben)沒有(you)相遇。寸(cun)灘洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)從7月11日至16日的(de)5天(tian)(tian)內,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)陡漲20.35米(mi),15日一(yi)天(tian)(tian)漲幅達10.37米(mi),16日洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)191.41米(mi),當(dang)時(shi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1976年以(yi)后(hou)的(de)最(zui)高記(ji)錄;洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)85700立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1870年(100000立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao))以(yi)后(hou)110年間(jian)(jian)的(de)最(zui)大值。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)過寸(cun)灘后(hou),烏(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(武隆站(zhan)(zhan)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)僅2040立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao))及三(san)峽(xia)區間(jian)(jian)來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均不大。經河槽調(diao)蓄(xu),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)有(you)較大削(xue)減,于(yu)(yu)19日到(dao)達長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上游(you)總控制(zhi)站(zhan)(zhan)宜(yi)昌(chang)。宜(yi)昌(chang)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)55.38米(mi),當(dang)時(shi)居(ju)自1877年有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)記(ji)載(zai)以(yi)來(lai)的(de)第四位(wei)(wei);洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)70800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),超(chao)過了1954年洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(66800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)),當(dang)時(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1946年設(she)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)站(zhan)(zhan)以(yi)來(lai)的(de)最(zui)高紀(ji)錄,與推算(suan)的(de)1896年洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)71100立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)相近。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)過宜(yi)昌(chang)后(hou),清江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)只(zhi)有(you)800立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),經太平(ping)、松(song)滋(zi)兩口(kou)分(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)13400立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)進入(ru)(ru)(ru)洞(dong)庭(ting)(ting)湖,干流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)于(yu)(yu)19日到(dao)達荊江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)重要站(zhan)(zhan)沙(sha)(sha)市,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)44.46米(mi),當(dang)時(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)該(gai)站(zhan)(zhan)自1903年有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文記(ji)載(zai)以(yi)來(lai)的(de)第三(san)位(wei)(wei)。實測(ce)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)54200立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),再經藕池口(kou)分(fen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)8560立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)入(ru)(ru)(ru)洞(dong)庭(ting)(ting)湖,監利站(zhan)(zhan)于(yu)(yu)20日出(chu)現洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)35.77米(mi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)該(gai)站(zhan)(zhan)自1934年設(she)站(zhan)(zhan)以(yi)來(lai)的(de)第五(wu)位(wei)(wei)。由于(yu)(yu)洞(dong)庭(ting)(ting)湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)低(城陵磯7月16日水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)僅29.55米(mi)),洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)進入(ru)(ru)(ru)中(zhong)下游(you)河段后(hou),江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)湖調(diao)蓄(xu)作用顯著,區間(jian)(jian)又未發生暴雨,洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)在(zai)干流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)螺山以(yi)下均低于(yu)(yu)警戒水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)。
“81.7”洪(hong)水(shui)四川省(sheng)災情十分(fen)嚴重(zhong)。全省(sheng)除甘孜、阿壩、涼山三州和渡口市外,洪(hong)水(shui)波及14個地、市,119個縣(市、區),3549個公社,15305個生產隊,城鄉受(shou)災人口1584萬人,淹沒房屋223.7萬間,倒塌(ta)、沖毀房屋139萬間,死亡888人,傷13010人,直接經濟損失20億(yi)元以(yi)上。
1.在119個(ge)(ge)(ge)受(shou)(shou)災縣(xian)(xian)份(fen)中(zhong),遭受(shou)(shou)不同(tong)程度(du)淹(yan)沒的(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)以上城(cheng)市(shi)共53個(ge)(ge)(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)金(jin)堂(tang)、潼南(nan)、合川、資陽、資中(zhong)、射(she)洪、南(nan)部(bu)等(deng)7個(ge)(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)災情(qing)最重(zhong),絕大部(bu)分城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)均為(wei)洪水(shui)所淹(yan),如金(jin)堂(tang)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)主要街道水(shui)深5—6米(mi)(mi),樓房(fang)普(pu)遍淹(yan)及(ji)兩層,平(ping)(ping)房(fang)大多沒于水(shui)下,城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)街道船只暢行無阻,淹(yan)沒時間長達兩晝夜。此外,成都市(shi)、重(zhong)慶市(shi)的(de)(de)北碚(bei)區(qu)(qu),以及(ji)龍(long)泉(quan)驛、內江、富順(shun)、豐都、涪陵(ling)、萬(wan)縣(xian)(xian)市(shi)、遂寧、劍閣(ge)、鹽亭、南(nan)充市(shi)等(deng)12個(ge)(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)、市(shi)(區(qu)(qu))災情(qing)也很(hen)嚴重(zhong)。如成都市(shi)區(qu)(qu)有273條街道被淹(yan),受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)戶數(shu)約為(wei)32000戶,受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)建筑面(mian)(mian)積(ji)54.72萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),房(fang)屋倒塌(ta)1.54萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),市(shi)區(qu)(qu)受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)48平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里。南(nan)充市(shi)3.9萬(wan)間住房(fang)被淹(yan),被淹(yan)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)占市(shi)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)41.5%。同(tong)時受(shou)(shou)淹(yan)的(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)以下場鎮556個(ge)(ge)(ge)。
2.受(shou)淹農(nong)田1311萬畝,其中絕收342萬畝,沖毀耕地112萬畝,沖走(zou)糧食(shi)2.5億(yi)公(gong)斤,沖走(zou)、死亡大(da)牲畜138812頭,因洪災減(jian)產糧食(shi)13.35億(yi)公(gong)斤。
3.據不完(wan)全(quan)統汁(zhi),7—9三(san)個月因洪水(shui)停產或半停產的(de)工(gong)(gong)礦(kuang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)2691個,這些(xie)工(gong)(gong)礦(kuang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong),受災嚴重的(de)是(shi)二(er)輕(qing)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、街道工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、內(nei)河(he)航運社、群眾搬(ban)運業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等集體所有(you)制企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其數量約占停產、半停產企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)總(zong)數的(de)40%。僅二(er)輕(qing)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)直接經濟損(sun)失(shi)就達8529萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。如重慶市工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特別是(shi)輕(qing)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大多分布在沿江低洼地帶(dai),其中(zhong)紡(fang)織局(ju)(ju)所屬36個工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)有(you)16個工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)被淹(yan),一(yi)輕(qing)局(ju)(ju)所屬49個工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)有(you)19個被淹(yan)。內(nei)江棉紡(fang)廠(chang)(chang)主(zhu)廠(chang)(chang)房水(shui)淹(yan)深(shen)度1.9米(mi),主(zhu)要設(she)備全(quan)部被淹(yan),直接經濟損(sun)失(shi)478萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。
4.成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)渝、寶成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)昆三條鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)(lu)主(zhu)要干線,由于洪水(shui)(shui)位(wei)高,多處發(fa)(fa)生塌方,使(shi)運輸中(zhong)斷10天到20天。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)渝鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)(lu)廣(guang)順至(zhi)榮昌區間有1.2公里洪水(shui)(shui)位(wei)超過軌頂0.26米,洪安(an)鄉至(zhi)五(wu)鳳溪區間,接連發(fa)(fa)生塌方,簡陽(yang)至(zhi)廟(miao)子溝區間路(lu)(lu)(lu)基(ji)被洪水(shui)(shui)淹(yan)沒(mei),臨江寺附(fu)近路(lu)(lu)(lu)基(ji)被沖(chong)毀。橫跨青白江、沱江、涪江、嘉陵江的鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)(lu)橋梁,都因(yin)洪水(shui)(shui)位(wei)超過警(jing)戒(jie)水(shui)(shui)位(wei),線路(lu)(lu)(lu)被迫中(zhong)斷。
公(gong)(gong)路被破壞的情況更為嚴重,80條(tiao)公(gong)(gong)路干線(xian)和482條(tiao)縣(xian)以上的公(gong)(gong)路全(quan)部(bu)沖斷,占全(quan)部(bu)省(sheng)、縣(xian)公(gong)(gong)路的32.3%。公(gong)(gong)路和電信線(xian)路多因淹沒、塌方、沖刷而導致(zhi)斷道(dao)阻車(che)和電信中斷。
5.有15座小(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)水庫垮壩失事(shi),538座小(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)水庫出現險情,沖毀(hui)渠(qu)道2576公里(li),堤防641公里(li),小(xiao)(xiao)水電(dian)站130座,提灌站3401座。
四川(chuan)省(sheng)各(ge)級黨委、政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)對抗洪(hong)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)都十分(fen)重視(shi),洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)發生(sheng)(sheng)后,災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu)各(ge)級政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)把(ba)抗洪(hong)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)中心任務。省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)成立了(le)(le)(le)(le)農村及城(cheng)市(shi)兩個(ge)防汛(xun)指(zhi)揮部,分(fen)別負責全省(sheng)的(de)(de)防汛(xun)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。各(ge)級政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)都派出了(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)組、慰(wei)問團,協助(zhu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。受災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)都得到了(le)(le)(le)(le)臨時(shi)安置,疫病傳染得到了(le)(le)(le)(le)控(kong)制(zhi)。災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu)社會秩序穩(wen)定,受災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)大(da)(da)都在幾天之內就恢復了(le)(le)(le)(le)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、供(gong)電、交(jiao)通、通訊,清除了(le)(le)(le)(le)淤泥、垃(la)圾(ji),停產(chan)企業開始(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)。商業也很快恢復營業,農民(min)積極(ji)(ji)恢復生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),重建家園(yuan)。在抗洪(hong),斗(dou)爭中,廣大(da)(da)干(gan)部群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)和解放軍(jun)指(zhi)戰員與(yu)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)同生(sheng)(sheng)死共(gong)患難,與(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)英勇搏(bo)斗(dou),為(wei)(wei)減少人(ren)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)財產(chan)損失(shi)做出廠巨大(da)(da)貢獻(xian)。不少水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文職工(gong)(gong):自(zi)己的(de)(de)住房被洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)淹沒,不顧個(ge)人(ren)安危在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深及胸的(de)(de)急流中堅(jian)持(chi)觀測(ce),涉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)報(bao)送汛(xun)情,對江河洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及時(shi)發布了(le)(le)(le)(le)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)預報(bao),增強了(le)(le)(le)(le)預見性(xing)(xing)。由于有(you)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)、兩天的(de)(de)預見期,不少地區(qu)(qu)于部在洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到來之前,及早(zao)組織受洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)威(wei)脅地區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)撤退,搶(qiang)救(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)批物資。有(you)的(de)(de)干(gan)部、戰士(shi)為(wei)(wei)搶(qiang)救(jiu)被洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)圍(wei)困的(de)(de)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)和國家財產(chan),獻(xian)出了(le)(le)(le)(le)自(zi)己的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)。群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)自(zi)救(jiu)積極(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)很高,無災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu)支援災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu),輕(qing)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu)支援重災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)區(qu)(qu),無災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)廠支援重災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)廠,形成了(le)(le)(le)(le)廣泛的(de)(de)抗洪(hong)救(jiu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)活(huo)動(dong)。