家裝隱蔽工程很重要 專家教你如何驗收
家庭裝修(xiu)中的隱蔽工程是指(zhi)隱蔽在裝飾(shi)表面內部的管(guan)(guan)線(xian)工程和結(jie)構(gou)(gou)工程。管(guan)(guan)線(xian)工程包(bao)括(kuo)電器回路(lu)、給(gei)排水、煤氣管(guan)(guan)道、空(kong)調(diao)系統等(deng);結(jie)構(gou)(gou)工程指(zhi)用于固(gu)定、支(zhi)撐房屋荷載的內部構(gou)(gou)造。雖然曾(ceng)經流(liu)行一(yi)時的野(ye)獸派和高科技派以暴露管(guan)(guan)道結(jie)構(gou)(gou)為美,但(dan)是這種手(shou)法不適于普通百姓人家的裝修(xiu)。
值得注(zhu)意的是(shi),目前隱蔽工(gong)程的質量問題普遍(bian)存在,而(er)且由于維修不便,留下(xia)很多隱患。因此(ci),有必(bi)要了解它的結構和(he)材料。家庭裝(zhuang)修的隱蔽工(gong)程主要包括(kuo)六個方面:
(1)給排水工程。由于鍍鋅(xin)管易生銹、積垢、不保(bao)溫,而且會發生凍(dong)裂,將被逐步(bu)淘汰。目前使用(yong)最(zui)多的是塑(su)鋁復合管、塑(su)鋼管、PPR管。這些管子(zi)有(you)良好的塑(su)性(xing)(xing)、韌性(xing)(xing),而且保(bao)溫不開裂、不積垢,采用(yong)專用(yong)接(jie)頭或(huo)熱(re)塑(su)接(jie)頭,質(zhi)量(liang)保(bao)證、能(neng)耗少。
(2)電器管線工程。一般電(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(xian)分硬線(xian)(xian)、軟線(xian)(xian)、護套(tao)線(xian)(xian)等(deng),按銅芯粗細又分為(wei)(wei)1平方毫(hao)米(mi)線(xian)(xian)、1.5平方毫(hao)米(mi)線(xian)(xian)、2.5平方毫(hao)米(mi)線(xian)(xian)……為(wei)(wei)安(an)全起見,更(geng)為(wei)(wei)了便于(yu)維修,電(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(xian)應套(tao)套(tao)管。此外常用的還有(you)音(yin)響線(xian)(xian)、信號線(xian)(xian)等(deng)。插座分為(wei)(wei)10A,15A,品(pin)牌也有(you)多種(zhong),假冒的也多。劣質的插座容易引起事故(gu),建議(yi)到正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)電(dian)器用品(pin)商店購買較為(wei)(wei)妥(tuo)當。電(dian)器線(xian)(xian)路工(gong)程,要(yao)求(qiu)施工(gong)規(gui)(gui)范,以保證(zheng)安(an)全,消除(chu)隱患。
(3)地板基層。實(shi)木地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)基層(ceng)有兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)做法(fa)(fa):一種(zhong)(zhong)在水(shui)泥樓(lou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)(shang)鋪設(she)(she)木龍(long)骨(gu),最后釘地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban);另一種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)在龍(long)骨(gu)上(shang)(shang)先鋪一層(ceng)細木工板(ban)(ban)(ban),或者是毛地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban),然后釘地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban),采用這種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa),地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)受(shou)力(li)均勻,結構牢固(gu)。復合(he)(he)地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)安裝方(fang)便,基層(ceng)也(ye)有兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)作法(fa)(fa):一種(zhong)(zhong)先作找平(ping)層(ceng),然后鋪設(she)(she)PVC墊層(ceng),之后鋪設(she)(she)復合(he)(he)地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban);另一種(zhong)(zhong)在水(shui)泥找平(ping)層(ceng)上(shang)(shang),鋪設(she)(she)木龍(long)骨(gu)和毛地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban),兩(liang)鋪復合(he)(he)地(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)。
(4)護墻基層。護(hu)墻板(ban)(ban)(ban)有平板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)和凹凸式(shi)。做法是在墻面上安裝(zhuang)30mm×40mm木(mu)龍骨(gu),在此基礎上釘(ding)(ding)多層(ceng)板(ban)(ban)(ban)或(huo)細木(mu)工板(ban)(ban)(ban),最后釘(ding)(ding)飾面夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)。為防(fang)止發霉,在護(hu)墻板(ban)(ban)(ban)上部開(kai)一系列直徑為6mm的(de)氣孔。
(5)門窗套基層。先排設龍(long)骨,然后釘(ding)細木工板(ban),表(biao)面(mian)用飾面(mian)夾板(ban)釘(ding)木線條,避免日后膨脹。
(6)吊頂基層。吊(diao)頂材料有石(shi)膏板,灰板,夾板,鋁合金扣板,塑料扣板,磨砂玻璃(li),彩(cai)繪玻璃(li)等,龍骨分木龍骨和輕鋼(gang)龍骨。吊(diao)頂開裂(lie)的現象(xiang)經常出現,如使(shi)用彈性膩子嵌縫,并貼(tie)尼龍綁帶,可以(yi)改善這種情況。
隱(yin)蔽工(gong)程完(wan)工(gong)后(hou),需驗(yan)收(shou),確保不留(liu)隱(yin)患,合(he)格(ge)后(hou)才(cai)能進行后(hou)續施(shi)工(gong)。否則今(jin)后(hou)發現問題,需要返工(gong),既影(ying)響(xiang)質(zhi)量,又拖延工(gong)期(qi)。業(ye)主和承(cheng)包方都(dou)將蒙受損(sun)失。