電動(dong)車電池充電為何發熱? 電動(dong)車電池發熱原(yuan)因
據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)主(zhu)反映(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)有發(fa)熱現象(xiang),現在(zai)正是(shi)溫度上升的(de)時(shi)節,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)發(fa)熱的(de)幾(ji)率將(jiang)逐漸增(zeng)加,它又(you)將(jiang)成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)主(zhu)的(de)憂心之患!因此,我(wo)在(zai)這里為(wei)廣大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)主(zhu)簡單分析一(yi)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)發(fa)熱的(de)原因,以為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)發(fa)熱又(you)不知原因的(de)用戶解惑,希望能對大家(jia)有所助益!
電動車電池發(fa)熱有(you)兩種情況,一種是放電發(fa)熱,另(ling)一種是充電發(fa)熱。
1、放電發熱
放電(dian)發熱的原因主要有:放電(dian)過快(kuai),有可能是電(dian)池容量小,放電(dian)電(dian)流長時間超過0.5C。
1)當電動機額定電壓(ya)值低(di)(di),電池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)較小(xiao),工作電流偏大(da)時,電壓(ya)會急劇降(jiang)低(di)(di),容(rong)量(liang)(liang)也很快消耗,對電池(chi)最為不(bu)利。
2)電池的電化學反應速(su)度僅能夠維(wei)持行車(che),經常做整循環充放(fang)電,稍不注意便會(hui)超消耗。遇到(dao)迎風上坡,耗電甚大,迫使電池極板急劇反應,電池外殼的熱度較(jiao)高,會(hui)使電池受到(dao)損(sun)傷,縮短壽(shou)命。
3)比較理想的是電池的電化學反應速度充分地供給足(zu)夠的電能。電池的外殼(ke)沒有(you)異(yi)常熱度,說(shuo)明電池容(rong)量(liang)是足(zu)夠的。
2、充電發熱
充電過程中發熱(re),可(ke)能的故障(zhang)原因(yin)有:
1)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自身問題,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)衰老(lao),內(nei)阻(zu)變大(da),電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液干涸,內(nei)部有短(duan)路等造成(cheng)發(fa)熱(re)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)隨著使用的(de)次數增加,這(zhe)包(bao)括放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和充電(dian)(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的(de)水(shui)分子逐漸流失(shi),這(zhe)就是(shi)我們講的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)析氣(qi)、失(shi)水(shui),從而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反應中發(fa)熱(re);另外則是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溶液在充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中形成(cheng)硫酸(suan)結晶、沉淀粘糊在鉛板上(shang),導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)增大(da)而(er)發(fa)熱(re);這(zhe)兩類(lei)問題可以通過加水(shui)、去(qu)(qu)硫去(qu)(qu)極等技(ji)術(shu)手段(duan)予以解決。如若(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)因(yin)短(duan)跑(pao)斷格導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發(fa)熱(re),那最好更換(huan)新電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
2)充(chong)(chong)電器問題,一般(ban)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電器沒(mei)有(you)脈沖功能(neng),更沒(mei)有(you)負脈沖消除極化功能(neng),這類充(chong)(chong)電器通(tong)常不能(neng)在充(chong)(chong)電后期恒壓,以至(zhi)造成電池電壓超(chao)過允(yun)許值(zhi),從而(er)導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)電池大量析(xi)氣(qi)、失水、發(fa)熱。 現(xian)在市(shi)場上的(de)普(pu)通(tong)充(chong)(chong)電器,只是一昧的(de)恒功率充(chong)(chong)電,或是對(dui)電池內部電阻(zu)等(deng)情況不能(neng)及(ji)時檢測(ce),檢測(ce)到了也不能(neng)做出及(ji)進的(de)充(chong)(chong)電調整或不能(neng)給出最佳的(de)充(chong)(chong)電方(fang)案,這些都是充(chong)(chong)電過程中(zhong)導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)電池發(fa)熱的(de)原因。
要從根(gen)本上解決因(yin)充電(dian)器問題導致的電(dian)池發(fa)(fa)熱,就須正確(que)選用電(dian)動車充電(dian)器,電(dian)池的充電(dian)過(guo)程是一個電(dian)化學反應過(guo)程,在這個過(guo)程中(zhong),電(dian)池若(ruo)(ruo)出現微量發(fa)(fa)熱情況則屬正常發(fa)(fa)熱,如若(ruo)(ruo)發(fa)(fa)熱異常,在電(dian)池性(xing)能(neng)良(liang)好(hao)的情況下則屬充電(dian)器原(yuan)因(yin)。