什么(me)是(shi)靜電涂(tu)料 靜電塑粉的工作原理

一、什么是防靜電涂料

導靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)名稱，有(you)抗靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)和防(fang)(fang)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)，以國家制訂的(de)(de)(de)一系(xi)列(lie)標準，采用導靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)，從(cong)工業(ye)建筑及設(she)備設(she)計采用導靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)，從(cong)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)分析，涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)能(neng)在(zai)10－2秒的(de)(de)(de)短(duan)時間內(nei)，導泄(xie)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)壓積(ji)蓄，避免(mian)產(chan)生(sheng)放電(dian)(dian)引起火(huo)警(jing)或(huo)破(po)壞電(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)器件的(de)(de)(de)事故(gu)，而靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)生(sheng)與積(ji)蓄是自然界(jie)客觀存在(zai)，沒(mei)有(you)抵抗的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)技能(neng)，用于(yu)織物的(de)(de)(de)沒(mei)有(you)測定過(guo)導泄(xie)的(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)劑產(chan)品，能(neng)防(fang)(fang)止服裝(zhuang)在(zai)穿著過(guo)程(cheng)中靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累。

二、防靜電涂料工作原理

工(gong)作時(shi)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)的(de)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)或噴(pen)(pen)(pen)、噴(pen)(pen)(pen)杯部(bu)(bu)分接負(fu)極(ji)，工(gong)件接正(zheng)極(ji)并接地， 在(zai)高壓靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發生器的(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓作用(yong)下，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)（或噴(pen)(pen)(pen)盤(pan)、噴(pen)(pen)(pen)杯）的(de)端部(bu)(bu)與(yu)工(gong)件之間(jian)就(jiu)形成(cheng)(cheng)一個靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場。涂(tu)料(liao)微(wei)粒(li)所受到的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場力與(yu)靜(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓主和(he)(he)涂(tu)料(liao)微(wei)粒(li)的(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量成(cheng)(cheng)正(zheng)比(bi)(bi)，而與(yu)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)和(he)(he)工(gong)件間(jian)的(de)距離成(cheng)(cheng)反比(bi)(bi)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓足夠(gou)高時(shi)，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)端部(bu)(bu)附近(jin)區(qu)域形成(cheng)(cheng)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離區(qu)，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)激(ji)烈地離子化和(he)(he)發熱，使(shi)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)端部(bu)(bu)銳邊或極(ji)針周圍形成(cheng)(cheng)一個暗(an)紅色的(de)暈圈，在(zai)黑(hei)暗(an)中能明顯看見，這時(shi)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)產生強烈的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

涂料中的成(cheng)(cheng)膜物(wu)即樹脂和顏料等大多數是(shi)由高分子有機化(hua)合物(wu)組成(cheng)(cheng)，多成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)導(dao)電(dian)的電(dian)介質，溶(rong)劑形涂料除成(cheng)(cheng)膜物(wu)外還(huan)有有機溶(rong)劑、助溶(rong)劑、固化(hua)劑、靜電(dian)稀釋劑、及(ji)其他各類添加劑等物(wu)質。

這類溶劑(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)(zhi)除了苯(ben)、二甲苯(ben)、溶劑(ji)汽(qi)油等(deng)，大多是極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻率較低，有一(yi)定的導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力，它們能(neng)(neng)提高涂料的帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)的分(fen)子(zi)(zi)結構(gou)可分(fen)為極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)和非(fei)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)二種。極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)組成的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)在受(shou)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)作(zuo)用時(shi)，顯示(shi)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；非(fei)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)組成的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)在外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)作(zuo)用下，顯示(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，從而對外(wai)來(lai)的導(dao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷產(chan)生親合力，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)在外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中其外(wai)表面能(neng)(neng)局部帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

涂料(liao)經噴嘴霧化后(hou)噴出，被霧化的涂料(liao)微粒通過(guo)槍口的極針或(huo)噴盤、噴杯的邊緣時因接觸而帶電，當經過(guo)電暈放電所產生的氣(qi)體(ti)電離區時，將再(zai)一次增加其表面(mian)電荷密度。這些帶負電荷的涂料(liao)微粒的靜電場(chang)作用下(xia)，向導極性的工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)運(yun)動，并被沉積在工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)上形成均勻的涂膜。