手(shou)機鋰電池的正(zheng)確使用(yong)方法 手(shou)機鋰電池充電方法

一、手機鋰電池的構成

手機鋰電(dian)池主要由塑膠(jiao)殼(ke)上下蓋、鋰電(dian)芯、保護線(xian)路板（PCB）和可恢復保險絲（polyswitch）組成。有的廠(chang)家還(huan)配置了(le)NTC、識別電(dian)阻、震動(dong)馬達或充電(dian)電(dian)路等元(yuan)件。各部分功能如下：

（1） 鋰電(dian)芯：提(ti)供可充(chong)放電(dian)源。

（2） 保護線(xian)路板（PCB）：防止(zhi)電池過充過放短路。

（3） 可(ke)恢(hui)復保(bao)險絲（PTC）： 正(zheng)熱敏電(dian)阻起到高溫保(bao)護(hu)作用同(tong)時又是(shi)保(bao)護(hu)線(xian)路板失效后的二重保(bao)護(hu)。

（4） 可恢復保險絲（NTC）： 負(fu)熱敏電阻，感(gan)應電池內部溫度起(qi)到(dao)低溫保護作用(yong)。

（5） 識別電(dian)阻：識別原裝(zhuang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)非原裝(zhuang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)不能(neng)使用其(qi)中(zhong)電(dian)芯是非常重要(yao)的，而機芯也有幾個級(ji)別，有A級(ji)電(dian)芯，B級(ji)電(dian)芯。

二、手機鋰電池的充放電正確方法

手(shou)機(ji)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正確方(fang)法現(xian)在手(shou)機(ji)用的是鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，所(suo)以，不存(cun)在記憶效應問(wen)題，也(ye)不需要(yao)激活(huo)，第一次(ci)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不需要(yao)像鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)那(nei)樣沖12小(xiao)時(shi)以上，只需要(yao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)4小(xiao)時(shi)左右，離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的壽命只與充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次(ci)數(shu)有(you)(you)關系，鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可以充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1000次(ci)左右。待機(ji)時(shi)間與使(shi)用情況有(you)(you)關系。但是，賣手(shou)機(ji)的卻(que)說前面三(san)次(ci)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間要(yao)達到12小(xiao)時(shi)。到底怎么回(hui)事？

關于如何充電的方法：

1、如(ru)何為新電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)在使(shi)用(yong)鋰電(dian)(dian)池中應注意的(de)是，電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)置一段時(shi)間后(hou)則進入休(xiu)眠(mian)狀(zhuang)態，此時(shi)容量(liang)低于正(zheng)常值(zhi)，使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)間亦隨之縮(suo)短。但鋰電(dian)(dian)池很容易激活(huo)(huo)，只(zhi)要(yao)經(jing)過3-5次正(zheng)常的(de)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環就(jiu)可激活(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)池，恢復正(zheng)常容量(liang)。由(you)于鋰電(dian)(dian)池本身的(de)特性(xing)，決定了它幾(ji)乎沒有(you)記憶效應。

對于鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)“激活”問題，眾多的(de)(de)說(shuo)法是(shi)：充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)定要超過12小(xiao)時，反復(fu)做(zuo)三(san)次，以(yi)便激活電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。這種“前(qian)三(san)次充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)要充(chong)(chong)12小(xiao)時以(yi)上”的(de)(de)說(shuo)法，明顯是(shi)從鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（如(ru)鎳(nie)鎘和(he)鎳(nie)氫）延續下(xia)來的(de)(de)說(shuo)法。所以(yi)這種說(shuo)法，可以(yi)說(shuo)一(yi)開始就是(shi)誤傳。鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳(nie)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)特(te)性有非常大(da)的(de)(de)區別(bie)，而(er)且可以(yi)非常明確(que)的(de)(de)告訴大(da)家(jia)，我(wo)所查閱(yue)過的(de)(de)所有嚴(yan)肅的(de)(de)正式技(ji)術資料都強調(diao)過充(chong)(chong)和(he)過放電(dian)(dian)會對鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、特(te)別(bie)是(shi)液體鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)造成(cheng)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)傷害。因而(er)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)最好按照標準(zhun)時間(jian)和(he)標準(zhun)方(fang)法充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)不要進行超過12個(ge)小(xiao)時的(de)(de)超長(chang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。通常，手機說(shuo)明書(shu)上介紹(shao)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)法，就是(shi)適合該手機的(de)(de)標準(zhun)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)法。

此外(wai)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)手機或充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)都會自動停充(chong)(chong)，并不存在鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器所謂的(de)(de)(de)持續10幾(ji)小(xiao)時的(de)(de)(de)“涓流(liu)”充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。也(ye)就是(shi)說，如果(guo)你的(de)(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)，放在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器上也(ye)是(shi)白充(chong)(chong)。而(er)我們(men)誰都無法保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)特(te)性永(yong)不變化和質量的(de)(de)(de)萬無一失(shi)，所以你的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)將長期處在危險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)邊緣徘徊(huai)。這也(ye)是(shi)我們(men)反(fan)對長充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)另(ling)一個理由。

此外(wai)在對(dui)某些手機上(shang)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)超(chao)過一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間后(hou)，如(ru)果不去取下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這(zhe)時(shi)系統不僅不停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，還將開始放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)-充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循環。也許這(zhe)種(zhong)做法的(de)(de)(de)(de)廠商自有其目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，但顯然對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和手機/充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命而(er)言是不利的(de)(de)(de)(de)。同時(shi)，長充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需要很長的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間，往(wang)往(wang)需要在夜間進行(xing)，而(er)以我(wo)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)看，許多地方夜間的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都(dou)比較(jiao)高，而(er)且波動較(jiao)大。前面已經說過，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是很嬌貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它比鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面耐波動的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力(li)差(cha)得多，于(yu)是這(zhe)又(you)帶來(lai)附(fu)加的(de)(de)(de)(de)危險。

此外(wai)，不(bu)可忽視的另外(wai)一個方面就(jiu)是鋰電池同樣(yang)也(ye)不(bu)適(shi)合過放電，過放電對(dui)鋰電池同樣(yang)也(ye)很不(bu)利。這就(jiu)引出下面的問題。

2、正常(chang)使用中(zhong)應該何時開始(shi)充電(dian)(dian)，經常(chang)可以見到這種說法，因(yin)為充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)次(ci)(ci)數是(shi)有限的(de)(de)，所以應該將手(shou)機電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)盡可能(neng)用光再充電(dian)(dian)。但是(shi)我找到一個(ge)關于(yu)(yu)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)池充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)循(xun)(xun)環的(de)(de)實(shi)驗表，關于(yu)(yu)循(xun)(xun)環壽命的(de)(de)數據列出(chu)如(ru)下：循(xun)(xun)環壽命 （10％DOD）：> 1000次(ci)(ci)循(xun)(xun)環壽命 （100％DOD）：> 200次(ci)(ci)

3、對(dui)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)手(shou)機(ji)的(de)(de)正確做法(fa)(fa)歸結起來，我對(dui)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)手(shou)機(ji)在使用(yong)(yong)中的(de)(de)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)問題最重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)提(ti)示是(shi)：a 按照(zhao)標準的(de)(de)時(shi)間和程序充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，即使是(shi)前三(san)次(ci)也(ye)要(yao)如(ru)此進行；b 當出(chu)現(xian)手(shou)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量過低提(ti)示時(shi)，應該(gai)盡(jin)量及時(shi)開始充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；c 鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)激(ji)活并不需要(yao)特別(bie)的(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)，在手(shou)機(ji)正常使用(yong)(yong)中鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會(hui)自然激(ji)活。如(ru)果你執意(yi)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)流傳的(de)(de)“前三(san)次(ci)12小時(shi)長充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)激(ji)活”方法(fa)(fa)，實際(ji)上也(ye)不會(hui)有(you)效果。

因(yin)此，所(suo)有追求12小時(shi)超(chao)長充(chong)電(dian)和把鋰電(dian)池(chi)手機用到自(zi)動關機的做法，都是錯誤的。如果你以前是按照(zhao)錯誤的說(shuo)法做的，請你及時(shi)改正，也許為時(shi)還不晚。

當(dang)(dang)然，在手機(ji)(ji)(ji)及充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器自身保(bao)護和控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路質量良好的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下，對鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)保(bao)護還(huan)是有相當(dang)(dang)保(bao)證(zheng)的(de)(de)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)對充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規(gui)則的(de)(de)理(li)解才(cai)是重點(dian)，在某些情況(kuang)下也(ye)是可(ke)以(yi)(yi)做出某種讓步(bu)的(de)(de)。比(bi)如(ru)你發現手機(ji)(ji)(ji)在你夜晚睡(shui)覺前必(bi)須充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)話(hua)，你也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)在睡(shui)前開始(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。問題(ti)的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵在于，你應該知(zhi)道正(zheng)確的(de)(de)做法是什么，并且不要刻意按照錯誤的(de)(de)說(shuo)法去(qu)做。手機(ji)(ji)(ji)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是有講究的(de)(de)，同時(shi)一(yi)些品牌(pai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池能做到手機(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次數較多(duo)。

4、使用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)池注意防火有許多人或許是(shi)從(cong)手機才開(kai)始熟悉鋰(li)電(dian)池的。其(qi)實，它在許多家電(dian)中都有使用(yong)。毋庸(yong)置疑，鋰(li)電(dian)池高效、體輕等(deng)等(deng)優點正使其(qi)迅速(su)地推廣應(ying)用(yong)開(kai)來(lai)。可(ke)是(shi)，你是(shi)否知(zhi)道(dao)，使用(yong)不慎，它也會(hui)使你惹“火”上身？

鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)具有體輕、高效、耐低(di)溫(wen)（－40℃）等優點，0.3mm厚(hou)、郵(you)票大小的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)可連(lian)續(xu)使(shi)用(yong)5年以上，近年來正(zheng)逐(zhu)步淘汰(tai)現用(yong)的(de)堿性干電(dian)池(chi)和錳電(dian)池(chi)，廣泛應用(yong)于許多高檔家(jia)電(dian)和手機(ji)中。

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不同于現用的(de)(de)(de)錳電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)堿性干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)氯化(hua)鋅(xin)和(he)氫氧化(hua)鉀水溶(rong)電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)，它使用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)有機溶(rong)媒。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)正極(ji)(ji)采用二(er)氧化(hua)錳、氟化(hua)鉛、氯化(hua)亞硫等材料。負極(ji)(ji)采用的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)金屬箔同一般(ban)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)負極(ji)(ji)使用的(de)(de)(de)氯化(hua)鋅(xin)相比(bi)，離子(zi)化(hua)傾向強、正負極(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓差大，這樣提高了鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作效能(neng)。

但(dan)是，鋰電(dian)池在使(shi)用過程(cheng)中常(chang)常(chang)會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)發(fa)熱、燃燒現(xian)象，輕者(zhe)影響(xiang)主(zhu)機(ji)使(shi)用，重者(zhe)還(huan)會(hui)燒毀主(zhu)機(ji)引起(qi)火災(zai)。據報道(dao)，日本近(jin)年來已發(fa)生多起(qi)因鋰電(dian)池發(fa)熱燃燒引起(qi)的家庭(ting)火災(zai)事(shi)故(gu)。

那么(me)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)為(wei)什么(me)會發(fa)熱、燃(ran)燒(shao)呢(ni)？原(yuan)來鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)許多材料與(yu)水(shui)接觸后(hou)，可發(fa)生(sheng)劇烈的(de)(de)化學反應(ying)并釋放出大量(liang)熱能(neng)導致發(fa)熱、燃(ran)燒(shao)現(xian)象。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)正極的(de)(de)二氧化錳(meng)，只沾一小(xiao)滴水(shui)便可出現(xian)發(fa)熱現(xian)象。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)氯化亞硫與(yu)水(shui)接觸后(hou)，在(zai)生(sheng)成鹽酸和(he)二氧化硫的(de)(de)同時(shi)釋放熱能(neng)，幾種(zhong)因素使(shi)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)成為(wei)生(sheng)活中(zhong)的(de)(de)“火種(zhong)”，因此人們(men)在(zai)使(shi)用鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)時(shi)一定要注意防(fang)水(shui)、防(fang)潮濕。各種(zhong)主機停用后(hou)，應(ying)取下鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)置于干燥、低溫處妥善保管，以預防(fang)和(he)避(bi)免因鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)用不當而(er)引起(qi)家(jia)庭火災事故(gu)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。

關于鋰電池及手機電池在使用過程中出現膨脹的原因及分析

電池(chi)用久了正常情況(kuang)下是不(bu)會膨脹，電池(chi)膨脹的(de)原因(yin)(yin)是充電時間過長(chang)導(dao)致的(de)。它不(bu)會影響使用，只是待機時間會越來(lai)越短(duan)。電池(chi)發熱膨脹的(de)原因(yin)(yin)：

a、手機在(zai)待機時的功耗是(shi)(shi)很(hen)小(xiao)的，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)說它的電(dian)池的等效負(fu)荷電(dian)阻大，所以放電(dian)電(dian)流很(hen)小(xiao)所以電(dian)池不會(hui)發熱，電(dian)池電(dian)能的內耗很(hen)小(xiao)。

b、手機在待(dai)通話(hua)或游(you)戲(xi)時的(de)(de)(de)功耗是(shi)很大的(de)(de)(de)，也就(jiu)是(shi)說它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)等效負荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)，工作(zuo)時是(shi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在放(fang)掉一部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)以后，內阻(zu)增(zeng)大，但是(shi)，手機的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不能減小(xiao)，那么，相(xiang)當大的(de)(de)(de)一部分(fen)能量就(jiu)消耗在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)內阻(zu)上(shang)，導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)發熱，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)加速，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)時間也就(jiu)很快的(de)(de)(de)縮短。

以上就是(shi)手機電池在(zai)長時(shi)間使用是(shi)會發熱的(de)原因。

5、手機(ji)電(dian)池發熱的危害及解(jie)決辦法

a、手機電池長時(shi)間發熱會(hui)導致手機內部機件發熱，從而使手機重新啟動或(huo) 掛斷通話(hua)中(zhong)的電話(hua)。

b、手機電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)長時間發熱會使電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)本身的(de)(de)熱量增加，如果是(shi)(shi)密封(feng)的(de)(de)（NOKIA之類的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)不密封(feng)的(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)直接將電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)裝(zhuang)入的(de)(de)）電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)會使其(qi)內(nei)部空(kong)氣(qi)劇烈膨脹，導致電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)象外(wai)突起(qi)，嚴重的(de)(de)會使電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)爆(bao)炸。

c、手機電(dian)池長時間(jian)發熱會加速手機本身的(de)老化進程，縮短其(qi)壽命。

以(yi)上就是(shi)手機電池長(chang)時(shi)間發熱(re)對(dui)手機的危害。

解決辦法：

1、如果手(shou)機電池(chi)已(yi)經被充的鼓起來的話，也有(you)辦(ban)法解決。就是用(yong)手(shou)指先找到電池(chi)的空(kong)隙（手(shou)機電池(chi)背面靠(kao)近手(shou)機充電電極(ji)一方，按下(xia)去有(you)點軟的地方），用(yong)針對將戳一個小洞(dong)，讓(rang)里(li)面的空(kong)氣(qi)跑出來就行(xing)了。

2、另外(wai)買(mai)一塊電池。