【銅(tong)(tong)的密度】銅(tong)(tong)的密度是多少(shao) 各種銅(tong)(tong)的密度匯總
銅密度
銅密度是多少呢?銅的化學符號為Cu,是一種(zhong)過渡金屬。銅有很多分類。如果銅含(han)量(liang)達到99.5~99.95%,那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)就是(shi)(shi)純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)了(le)。純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)也叫做“紫銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”或者“紅銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”,一般分(fen)為無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、有氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和特種(zhong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)因(yin)為呈(cheng)現紫色,因(yin)此被稱為“紫銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)”。如果是(shi)(shi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和鋅所組成的合金(jin),那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)就是(shi)(shi)黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)了(le)。以鎳為主要添加元素的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)基合金(jin),就是(shi)(shi)吧白銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)了(le),白銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)呈(cheng)銀白色,有金(jin)屬光澤,故名(ming)白銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)原指銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)錫合金(jin)﹐后除(chu)黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)﹑白銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)以外(wai)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)合金(jin)均稱青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。那(nei)么(me)(me)(me)不同的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)密度當然是(shi)(shi)不一樣的了(le)。我們先來(lai)說說銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)密度的定義吧。
銅密度的定義:銅的(de)質量與銅體積(ji)的(de)比值就叫作銅密度。
銅密度符號和單位:通常用“ρ”(讀做rōu)表示,單位為g/cm3,正(zheng)確讀法是克(ke)每(mei)立方厘(li)米(mi)。還(huan)有(you)一種不常(chang)用的(de)單位是kg/dm3,讀作千克(ke)每立方分(fen)米。它們之(zhi)間的換算關(guan)系:lg/cm3=1kg/dm3=103kg/m3。
銅密度的公式:
1、銅密(mi)度(du)的(de)公(gong)式(shi):ρ=m/V,ρ=dm/dV(ρ表示(shi)密(mi)度(du)、m表示(shi)質量、V表示(shi)體積)
2、銅密度(du)公式變形:V=m/ρ,m=ρV,m=∫ρ(V)dV。
3、質量(liang)(liang)m可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用天平測量(liang)(liang),液體(ti)(ti)和形狀不(bu)規則的固體(ti)(ti)的體(ti)(ti)積v可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用量(liang)(liang)筒或(huo)量(liang)(liang)杯測量(liang)(liang)。
4、物質的(de)(de)密度是(shi)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de),它不隨(sui)體(ti)積(ji)和質量(liang)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)化(hua),不同牌(pai)號的(de)(de)銅密度也是(shi)不隨(sui)體(ti)積(ji)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)。
銅密度測量的稱量法:
1、準備:天平、量筒、水、銅、細繩(sheng)。
2、步驟:
(1)用天平稱出金(jin)屬塊(kuai)的質(zhi)量(liang)m
(2)往量筒中注(zhu)入(ru)適量水(shui),讀(du)出體積為V1
(3)用細繩(sheng)系住銅塊放入(ru)量(liang)筒中,浸沒,讀出體積為V2
3、計算:銅密(mi)度測量公式(shi)
4、此測(ce)量法只(zhi)針(zhen)對實(shi)心銅。
銅密度測量的比重杯法:
1、準備:燒杯、水(shui)、銅、天平(ping)
2、步驟:
(1)往燒杯裝滿水,放在天(tian)平上稱出質量(liang)為m1;
(2)將銅塊輕輕放入水中,溢出部分水,再將燒杯(bei)放在天平上稱出質量為(wei)m2;
(3)將銅塊取出,把燒杯放在天平上稱出燒杯和剩下水的(de)質量m3。
3、計算表達式(shi):ρ=ρ水(shui)(m2-m3)/(m1-m3)
純銅密度、黃銅密度、青銅密度、白銅密度:
1、純銅(tong),無氧銅(tong)的密度(du)是8.9(g/cm3),磷脫氧銅(tong)的密度(du)是8.89(g/cm3)。
2、加(jia)工黃銅的密度(du)是8.5-8.8(g/cm3),鑄造黃銅的密度(du)是7.7-8.55(g/cm3)。
3、加工(gong)青銅(tong)的(de)密度是(shi)7.5-8.9(g/cm3),鑄造青銅(tong)的(de)密度是(shi)7.45-9.54(g/cm3)。
4、白(bai)銅的密度是(shi)8.4-8.9(g/cm3)。
常用銅密度表:
注:表為加工后密度:紫銅(tong)包括脫氧銅(tong)8.94g/cm3