【獸(shou)藥(yao)原(yuan)料】獸(shou)藥(yao)原(yuan)料中(zhong)藥(yao)提取物(wu)的作(zuo)(zuo)用 中(zhong)藥(yao)提取物(wu)在獸(shou)藥(yao)中(zhong)的作(zuo)(zuo)用

獸藥原料(liao)中藥提(ti)取物(wu)的作(zuo)用

獸藥里(li)的(de)中藥(yao)提(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)物(wu)來源于天然(ran)中草(cao)藥(yao)，采取(qu)(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)酶解技(ji)術、超臨界流體萃取(qu)(qu)(qu)技(ji)術、超聲(sheng)提(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)技(ji)術等現代生(sheng)(sheng)產工(gong)藝，按照與原藥(yao)不同的(de)比例純化、濃縮(suo)、提(ti)純而成(cheng)。它既保(bao)留了原有藥(yao)物(wu)成(cheng)份(fen)結構的(de)自然(ran)狀態和生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)活性，又保(bao)留了對(dui)人和動物(wu)無(wu)害和有益的(de)外(wai)源性物(wu)質(zhi)精華，實現了中草(cao)藥(yao)原料的(de)微量化和規范化，為養殖業實現綠(lv)色生(sheng)(sheng)產提(ti)供一條新的(de)途(tu)徑。

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以(yi)下(xia)獸用中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提取物(wu)：抗病源微生(sheng)物(wu)類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)：凡(fan)能(neng)抑制或(huo)殺滅病原(yuan)微生(sheng)物(wu)的(de)繁殖，提高機體免疫力，均稱抗病原(yuan)微生(sheng)物(wu)類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。以(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)學理(li)論又可分為清熱(re)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、解表藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、瀉下(xia)與(yu)逐水(shui)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、滲濕利水(shui)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、化痰止咳平喘(chuan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、理(li)氣消(xiao)食藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、理(li)血藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、祛寒藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、祛暑藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、開竅藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、安(an)神鎮驚藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、補養藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、驅(qu)蟲殺蟲藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、催情與(yu)催乳藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)等。

一、清熱藥：凡性屬(shu)寒(han)(han)涼而(er)能清(qing)(qing)(qing)解(jie)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性病(bing)癥(zheng)(zheng)的(de)藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)，叫清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)藥(yao)(yao)．清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)藥(yao)(yao)多(duo)(duo)具有瀉(xie)火，燥(zao)濕(shi)(shi)，解(jie)毒，涼血及清(qing)(qing)(qing)虛熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)等(deng)功效。清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)藥(yao)(yao)又(you)可(ke)分(fen)為以(yi)下幾(ji)類(lei)(lei)(lei)：①清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)降(jiang)(jiang)火藥(yao)(yao)：該(gai)類(lei)(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)降(jiang)(jiang)火藥(yao)(yao)的(de)主要作用(yong)是清(qing)(qing)(qing)氣分(fen)實熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，適用(yong)誦于(yu)高熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)火盛所引(yin)(yin)起的(de)里熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)壅盛、口(kou)(kou)渴喜(xi)飲飲、小(xiao)(xiao)侄小(xiao)(xiao)便短赤(chi)(chi)、肺熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)咳喘，口(kou)(kou)舌(she)(she)生瘡、口(kou)(kou)色赤(chi)(chi)紅(hong)，舌(she)(she)苔(tai)黃(huang)(huang)燥(zao)等(deng)病(bing)癥(zheng)(zheng)。我單位(wei)可(ke)提供(gong)(gong)梔子提取物(wu)(wu)、膽汁、知(zhi)母、苦地(di)等(deng)提取物(wu)(wu)。②清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)燥(zao)濕(shi)(shi)類(lei)(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)：該(gai)類(lei)(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)多(duo)(duo)偏于(yu)苦寒(han)(han)，苦能燥(zao)濕(shi)(shi)，寒(han)(han)能清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，故使(shi)用(yong)于(yu)濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)引(yin)(yin)起的(de)口(kou)(kou)色赤(chi)(chi)紅(hong)兼黃(huang)(huang)，舌(she)(she)苔(tai)厚膩，濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)黃(huang)(huang)疸，小(xiao)(xiao)便短赤(chi)(chi)，濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)瀉(xie)痢，瘡黃(huang)(huang)腫毒等(deng)癥(zheng)(zheng)。我單位(wei)可(ke)提供(gong)(gong)黃(huang)(huang)連、黃(huang)(huang)芩、黃(huang)(huang)柏、茵陳、苦參龍(long)膽草等(deng)提取物(wu)(wu)。③清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)解(jie)毒類(lei)(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)：該(gai)類(lei)(lei)(lei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)解(jie)毒藥(yao)(yao)主要用(yong)于(yu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)解(jie)火熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)過盛引(yin)(yin)起的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)毒或火毒。這類(lei)(lei)(lei)疾病(bing)多(duo)(duo)表現為高熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)不退，咽喉腫痛(tong)(tong)，瘡黃(huang)(huang)疔(ding)毒，目赤(chi)(chi)腫痛(tong)(tong)，口(kou)(kou)色赤(chi)(chi)紅(hong)，舌(she)(she)有黃(huang)(huang)苔(tai)等(deng)。我單位(wei)可(ke)提供(gong)(gong)金銀花(hua)、連翹、大青葉(xie)、牛黃(huang)(huang)、板(ban)蘭根、蒲公英、敗醬草等(deng)提取物(wu)(wu)產品。④清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼血藥(yao)(yao)：該(gai)類(lei)(lei)(lei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼血藥(yao)(yao)多(duo)(duo)用(yong)于(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)入營血，或血熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)妄行所致的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)痢腸黃(huang)(huang)，鼻血，尿血，等(deng)癥(zheng)(zheng)。我單位(wei)可(ke)提供(gong)(gong)生地(di)、白頭翁、水牛角等(deng)提取物(wu)(wu)。

二、解表藥：凡具有(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)散表(biao)邪，治(zhi)療(liao)外感癥的藥物(wu)，叫解表(biao)藥。表(biao)癥患畜(chu)多表(biao)現為精(jing)神倦怠，被毛豎立，腰背拱(gong)起，惡寒發(fa)(fa)熱，體(ti)表(biao)發(fa)(fa)熱，有(you)(you)汗(han)或(huo)無汗(han)脈(mo)浮，苔(tai)白等癥狀。解表(biao)藥物(wu)多數昧辛，具有(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)汗(han)解肌的通性(xing)，但(dan)性(xing)有(you)(you)溫、涼(liang)的區別，所(suo)以一般又分為辛溫解表(biao)和辛涼(liang)解表(biao)兩類。我單(dan)位(wei)可(ke)提(ti)(ti)供荊(jing)芥、防風、柴胡、菊(ju)花、野菊(ju)花、薄荷(he)、薄荷(he)腦等提(ti)(ti)取物(wu)。

三、化痰止咳平喘藥：凡能消(xiao)除痰(tan)(tan)(tan)涎，緩解或制止(zhi)咳嗽(sou)、氣(qi)喘(chuan)(chuan)的(de)藥物(wu)(wu)，叫化(hua)(hua)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)止(zhi)咳平喘(chuan)(chuan)藥，在使用本類藥物(wu)(wu)治(zhi)療痰(tan)(tan)(tan)多(duo)、咳嗽(sou)、氣(qi)喘(chuan)(chuan)等病時，必須找出發病的(de)原因，根據不同病情，適當配合其他(ta)藥物(wu)(wu)。將本類藥物(wu)(wu)分(fen)為(wei)止(zhi)咳平喘(chuan)(chuan)藥、化(hua)(hua)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)降氣(qi)藥、潤(run)肺化(hua)(hua)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)止(zhi)咳藥、清肺化(hua)(hua)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)止(zhi)咳藥四類。我(wo)單位(wei)可提供(gong)桔梗、杏(xing)仁(ren)、貝母、桑白皮、百合、冰片、甘(gan)草等提取(qu)物(wu)(wu)。

四、理氣與消食藥：①理(li)(li)氣藥(yao)：凡有疏通氣機，消除(chu)氣滯(zhi)和醒脾開胃功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的藥(yao)物(wu)叫理(li)(li)氣藥(yao)，一(yi)般(ban)分(fen)為氣虛和氣滯(zhi)兩類。我單(dan)位可提供青皮、陳皮、枳殼等提取物(wu)。②消食(shi)藥(yao)：凡能(neng)(neng)(neng)促進脾胃消化機能(neng)(neng)(neng)，導(dao)行積滯(zhi)，用來治療積滯(zhi)不化所致的胃口不佳或食(shi)欲廢絕(jue)，肚腹脹大，反胃吐食(shi)，大便秘結(jie)以(yi)及積滯(zhi)等癥的藥(yao)物(wu)，叫消食(shi)藥(yao)。我單(dan)位可提供神曲(qu)、山楂(zha)、麥芽等提取物(wu)。

五、補養藥：凡有滋養(yang)(yang)強(qiang)壯作用(yong)，能補(bu)畜體氣、血、陰、陽的(de)虧(kui)損(sun)，治(zhi)療(liao)各種虛癥的(de)藥物，叫補(bu)養(yang)(yang)藥。西醫認(ren)為此類藥物具有調{調節免疫功能的(de)作用(yong)。適用(yong)于久病體虛，身瘦毛(mao)焦，精神倦怠，耳耷頭低，多臥少立，舌質(zhi)綿(mian)軟，脈細無(wu)力之癥。我(wo)單位提供(gong)黃芪多糖、黨參、丹(dan)參、山(shan)藥、甘草(cao)提取物。

六、驅蟲殺蟲藥：凡具有驅除和殺滅畜禽體內外寄生蟲的藥物，叫驅蟲殺蟲藥。我單位提供常山、青蒿、檳榔、貫眾、榧子等提取物。還可根據客戶需要提取指定的獸藥單(dan)方(fang)藥(yao)物(wu)(wu)和復合藥(yao)物(wu)(wu)及復方(fang)中藥(yao)顆粒沖劑。