【獸藥原(yuan)料(liao)】獸藥原(yuan)料(liao)中(zhong)藥提取(qu)物(wu)的(de)作用(yong) 中(zhong)藥提取(qu)物(wu)在獸藥中(zhong)的(de)作用(yong)

獸藥原料中藥提(ti)取物(wu)的作用

獸藥里的(de)中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)提取(qu)物(wu)(wu)來源于天然(ran)中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)，采取(qu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)酶解技術、超(chao)臨界流(liu)體(ti)萃取(qu)技術、超(chao)聲提取(qu)技術等(deng)現代生(sheng)產工藝，按照(zhao)與原(yuan)藥(yao)(yao)不同的(de)比(bi)例純化(hua)、濃縮、提純而(er)成。它既保留(liu)了原(yuan)有藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)成份結構的(de)自然(ran)狀態和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)活性，又保留(liu)了對人和(he)(he)動物(wu)(wu)無害(hai)和(he)(he)有益的(de)外源性物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)精華(hua)，實現了中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)原(yuan)料的(de)微量化(hua)和(he)(he)規范(fan)化(hua)，為養殖業實現綠色生(sheng)產提供一條新的(de)途徑。

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以下獸(shou)用(yong)中草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)取(qu)物(wu)：抗病(bing)(bing)源微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)類中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)：凡能抑制(zhi)或殺滅病(bing)(bing)原(yuan)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)的繁(fan)殖，提(ti)高機體免(mian)疫力，均稱抗病(bing)(bing)原(yuan)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)類中草藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。以中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)學理論又(you)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)清熱藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、解(jie)表藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、瀉下與(yu)逐水藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、滲(shen)濕利水藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、化痰(tan)止咳平喘藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、理氣消(xiao)食藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、理血(xue)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、祛(qu)寒藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、祛(qu)暑藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、開竅(qiao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、安神鎮驚(jing)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、補養藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、驅蟲殺蟲藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、催情(qing)與(yu)催乳藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)等。

一、清熱藥：凡性(xing)屬寒(han)涼(liang)(liang)而(er)能清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)解熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)性(xing)病癥(zheng)的(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物，叫清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)．清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)多(duo)具有瀉(xie)(xie)火(huo)(huo)，燥濕，解毒(du)，涼(liang)(liang)血(xue)及清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)虛熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)等功(gong)效。清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)又可(ke)分為以下幾類(lei)(lei)：①清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)降火(huo)(huo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)：該(gai)(gai)類(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)降火(huo)(huo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)氣分實熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，適用(yong)(yong)(yong)誦于(yu)高(gao)(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)火(huo)(huo)盛(sheng)所(suo)引(yin)起的(de)里(li)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)壅盛(sheng)、口(kou)(kou)渴喜(xi)飲飲、小侄(zhi)小便短赤、肺熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)咳喘，口(kou)(kou)舌(she)生瘡(chuang)、口(kou)(kou)色赤紅，舌(she)苔(tai)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)燥等病癥(zheng)。我(wo)單(dan)位可(ke)提(ti)(ti)供梔子提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物、膽汁、知母、苦(ku)(ku)地等提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物。②清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)燥濕類(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)：該(gai)(gai)類(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)多(duo)偏于(yu)苦(ku)(ku)寒(han)，苦(ku)(ku)能燥濕，寒(han)能清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，故使用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)濕熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)引(yin)起的(de)口(kou)(kou)色赤紅兼黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)，舌(she)苔(tai)厚膩，濕熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)疸，小便短赤，濕熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)瀉(xie)(xie)痢，瘡(chuang)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)腫毒(du)等癥(zheng)。我(wo)單(dan)位可(ke)提(ti)(ti)供黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)芩、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)柏、茵(yin)陳、苦(ku)(ku)參(can)龍膽草等提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物。③清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)解毒(du)類(lei)(lei)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)：該(gai)(gai)類(lei)(lei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)解毒(du)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)解火(huo)(huo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)過盛(sheng)引(yin)起的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)毒(du)或火(huo)(huo)毒(du)。這類(lei)(lei)疾(ji)病多(duo)表(biao)現為高(gao)(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)不退，咽喉腫痛，瘡(chuang)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)疔毒(du)，目赤腫痛，口(kou)(kou)色赤紅，舌(she)有黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)苔(tai)等。我(wo)單(dan)位可(ke)提(ti)(ti)供金銀花、連(lian)翹、大青葉、牛黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)、板蘭根、蒲公英、敗(bai)醬草等提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物產品。④清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)(liang)血(xue)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)：該(gai)(gai)類(lei)(lei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)涼(liang)(liang)血(xue)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)入(ru)營血(xue)，或血(xue)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)妄行所(suo)致的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)痢腸黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)，鼻血(xue)，尿血(xue)，等癥(zheng)。我(wo)單(dan)位可(ke)提(ti)(ti)供生地、白頭翁、水(shui)牛角(jiao)等提(ti)(ti)取(qu)物。

二、解表藥：凡(fan)具有發散表(biao)(biao)邪，治療外感癥(zheng)的藥物(wu)(wu)，叫解(jie)表(biao)(biao)藥。表(biao)(biao)癥(zheng)患畜多(duo)(duo)表(biao)(biao)現為(wei)精神倦(juan)怠，被(bei)毛豎立，腰背拱起，惡寒發熱(re)，體表(biao)(biao)發熱(re)，有汗(han)或無汗(han)脈浮，苔白等(deng)癥(zheng)狀。解(jie)表(biao)(biao)藥物(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)數(shu)昧辛(xin)，具有發汗(han)解(jie)肌(ji)的通性，但性有溫(wen)、涼(liang)的區別，所以一(yi)般(ban)又(you)分(fen)為(wei)辛(xin)溫(wen)解(jie)表(biao)(biao)和辛(xin)涼(liang)解(jie)表(biao)(biao)兩類。我(wo)單(dan)位可(ke)提(ti)供荊(jing)芥、防風、柴胡、菊花(hua)、野菊花(hua)、薄(bo)荷、薄(bo)荷腦等(deng)提(ti)取(qu)物(wu)(wu)。

三、化痰止咳平喘藥：凡能消除痰涎(xian)，緩(huan)解或制止(zhi)咳嗽(sou)(sou)、氣喘的藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物，叫化(hua)痰止(zhi)咳平(ping)喘藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，在使用(yong)本類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物治(zhi)療痰多、咳嗽(sou)(sou)、氣喘等(deng)病(bing)(bing)時，必須找出發病(bing)(bing)的原因(yin)，根(gen)據不同(tong)病(bing)(bing)情，適當(dang)配合(he)其他(ta)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物。將(jiang)本類藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)物分為止(zhi)咳平(ping)喘藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、化(hua)痰降氣藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、潤肺化(hua)痰止(zhi)咳藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、清肺化(hua)痰止(zhi)咳藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)四類。我單位(wei)可提供(gong)桔梗、杏仁(ren)、貝母、桑白(bai)皮(pi)、百合(he)、冰片、甘草等(deng)提取物。

四、理氣與消食藥：①理氣(qi)藥(yao)：凡有疏(shu)通氣(qi)機(ji)(ji)，消除氣(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)和醒脾開胃(wei)(wei)功能的(de)藥(yao)物(wu)叫理氣(qi)藥(yao)，一般(ban)分(fen)為氣(qi)虛和氣(qi)滯(zhi)(zhi)兩類。我(wo)(wo)單(dan)位可提(ti)供青皮、陳皮、枳殼等(deng)(deng)提(ti)取物(wu)。②消食(shi)藥(yao)：凡能促進脾胃(wei)(wei)消化(hua)(hua)機(ji)(ji)能，導行積(ji)滯(zhi)(zhi)，用(yong)來治療積(ji)滯(zhi)(zhi)不化(hua)(hua)所致的(de)胃(wei)(wei)口不佳(jia)或食(shi)欲廢(fei)絕(jue)，肚(du)腹脹大(da)，反胃(wei)(wei)吐食(shi)，大(da)便秘(mi)結以及積(ji)滯(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)癥的(de)藥(yao)物(wu)，叫消食(shi)藥(yao)。我(wo)(wo)單(dan)位可提(ti)供神曲(qu)、山(shan)楂、麥芽等(deng)(deng)提(ti)取物(wu)。

五、補養藥：凡有滋養(yang)強壯作(zuo)用(yong)，能(neng)補畜體氣、血、陰、陽的(de)虧損(sun)，治療(liao)各種虛(xu)癥的(de)藥(yao)物(wu)，叫補養(yang)藥(yao)。西醫認為此類藥(yao)物(wu)具有調{調節免疫功能(neng)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。適用(yong)于久病體虛(xu)，身(shen)瘦毛(mao)焦，精(jing)神倦怠(dai)，耳(er)耷頭低，多臥少立，舌質綿軟，脈細無(wu)力(li)之(zhi)癥。我(wo)單位提供黃芪多糖(tang)、黨參、丹參、山(shan)藥(yao)、甘草提取物(wu)。

六、驅蟲殺蟲藥：凡具有驅除和殺滅畜禽體內外寄生蟲的藥物，叫驅蟲殺蟲藥。我單位提供常山、青蒿、檳榔、貫眾、榧子等提取物。還可根據客戶需要提取指定的獸藥單方(fang)藥(yao)物和復合藥(yao)物及(ji)復方(fang)中藥(yao)顆(ke)粒(li)沖劑。