【調溫電烙鐵】可調恒(heng)溫電烙鐵電路圖 恒(heng)溫電烙鐵原理

本文(wen)為大(da)家講(jiang)解恒(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)烙鐵的(de)工作原理是(shi)怎(zen)么樣(yang)的(de)？同時分享給大(da)家自制(zhi)恒(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)烙鐵的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路圖(tu)。本電(dian)(dian)(dian)路圖(tu)采(cai)(cai)用的(de)是(shi)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)傳感器，控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)精(jing)度高達±５％，控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路采(cai)(cai)用的(de)是(shi)交(jiao)流市電(dian)(dian)(dian)直接降壓(ya)、濾(lv)波、穩壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)方案(an)，大(da)家可(ke)以借(jie)鑒。如圖(tu)所示。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)烙鐵控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)范圍是(shi)１００℃～４００℃，調溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)標志標明低(di)、中、高位(wei)，控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)精(jing)度標稱±５％，采(cai)(cai)用了熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)傳感器。控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路采(cai)(cai)用了交(jiao)流市電(dian)(dian)(dian)直接降壓(ya)、濾(lv)波、穩壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)方案(an)。

市電ＡＣ２２０Ｖ經Ｒ１降壓、Ｄ１半波整流、Ｄ２削波穩壓、Ｃ１濾波后作為比較器件ＩＣ的電源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)及調(diao)溫(wen)設(she)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)源。ＩＣ－Ａ③腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)輸(shu)入端（與(yu)溫(wen)度值對應）；②腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為調(diao)溫(wen)設(she)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。在(zai)(zai)②、③腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)兩端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)比較后，由①腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)。其中(zhong)Ｒ５的(de)作用(yong)是將(jiang)輸(shu)入的(de)很少一部分(fen)反饋至同相(xiang)(xiang)輸(shu)入端③腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，以使在(zai)(zai)小信(xin)號(hao)波動時(shi)(shi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)鎖定(ding)不(bu)變。當熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)檢到(dao)溫(wen)度偏(pian)低(di)時(shi)(shi)；③腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平相(xiang)(xiang)對②腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)低(di)，使輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)①腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)也低(di)。進而(er)(er)使ＩＣ－Ｂ放大(da)器⑥腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)相(xiang)(xiang)對于(yu)固定(ding)偏(pian)置的(de)⑤腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)偏(pian)低(di)，使輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)⑦腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為高。由于(yu)ＩＣ－Ｂ⑤腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)是由ＡＣ２２０Ｖ經Ｒ６、Ｒ７分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)而(er)(er)得，因而(er)(er)，頻率(lv)、相(xiang)(xiang)位(wei)完全與(yu)ＡＣ２２０Ｖ相(xiang)(xiang)同。與(yu)⑥腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)直流比較后在(zai)(zai)⑦腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。該交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)經Ｃ２、Ｄ４、Ｄ３和Ｄ４反向并聯（作用(yong)同雙向二極(ji)管）觸發(fa)雙向可(ke)控(kong)硅，使相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)加到(dao)烙鐵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱絲(si)上，以達到(dao)恒溫(wen)的(de)目的(de)。

第一次

烙(luo)(luo)鐵芯燒了(le)，但是熱(re)電偶是好(hao)的(de)(de)，所以買了(le)個30瓦的(de)(de)烙(luo)(luo)鐵芯，將熱(re)電偶放在(zai)烙(luo)(luo)鐵芯后邊，照常(chang)使(shi)用。

第二次

熱電(dian)偶(ou)壞了(le)，看原電(dian)路，就花一塊錢買(mai)了(le)個具有負溫度系數的電(dian)阻，取代熱電(dian)偶(ou)，同樣使用了(le)很(hen)長時間。

第三次

看到(dao)現(xian)在(zai)賣帶(dai)熱電偶(ou)的(de)烙鐵(tie)芯，感覺不是很(hen)貴（4塊(kuai)錢一(yi)個(ge)），原烙鐵(tie)頭(tou)使用時間過久(jiu)，該換了(le)(le)，于(yu)是買了(le)(le)個(ge)40瓦的(de)烙鐵(tie)芯和(he)一(yi)個(ge)烙鐵(tie)頭(tou)，利(li)用原來的(de)烙鐵(tie)手柄(bing)，按照如下電路，重新DIY了(le)(le)一(yi)個(ge)，使用半年了(le)(le)，效果也不錯。預熱時間稍長，將近2分鐘。

實物(wu)圖，用手頭已(yi)有的原件做的。