建筑金屬材料有哪些

金屬裝飾材料分為兩大類，一是黑色金屬，如鋼、鐵；二是有色金屬。如鋁、鋼、彩色不銹鋼板等的合金材料。

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建筑裝飾金屬材料的應用

1、 不銹鋼制品

鋼是由鐵(tie)冶煉出(chu)來的(de)，在鋼中加(jia)入(ru)以鉻為主的(de)元(yuan)素就制作(zuo)成不(bu)銹鋼。鉻元(yuan)素性質活躍，能與大氣小的(de)氧進行(xing)化合(he)，生(sheng)(sheng)成緊(jin)因的(de)一層氧化膜，從而保護合(he)金鋼，使其(qi)不(bu)易生(sheng)(sheng)銹。鉻元(yuan)素含量越高，抗腐蝕(shi)性就越強(qiang)：

不(bu)銹鋼制品主要有以下幾(ji)種：

（1）不銹(xiu)鋼板(ban)、管材(cai)

不銹鋼制品的五金裝飾配件有：門拉手、合頁、門吸、門陰、滑輪、毛巾架、玻璃幕墻的點支式配(pei)件等(deng)；生(sheng)活日用品(pin)有(you)：不(bu)銹鋼(gang)水瓶、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)茶壺(hu)、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)砂鍋、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)刀等(deng)。

不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼制(zhi)品材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)應用(yong)在(zai)(zai)裝飾工(gong)(gong)程中主(zhu)要為板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，其厚度(du)一般(ban)在(zai)(zai)0．6—2．omm之(zhi)間，主(zhu)要應用(yong)在(zai)(zai)墻柱面(mian)、扶(fu)手、欄桿(gan)等(deng)部位的(de)裝飾。不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)包圓形、折角都基本上在(zai)(zai)加工(gong)(gong)廠里按(an)設計(ji)尺寸定型，再(zai)運輸到施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場定位、焊接(jie)、磨光。不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)有亮光板(ban)、亞光板(ban)、砂光板(ban)之(zhi)分。板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)規格為：1219mmx2438mm、1219mmx3048mm等(deng)；不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)主(zhu)要運用(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)作不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼電動(dong)門、推拉門、欄桿(gan)、扶(fu)手、五金(jin)件等(deng)。

（2）彩色小(xiao)銹鋼板(ban)材(cai)

彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)是在不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)表面(mian)進行著(zhu)色(se)(se)處理，使其(qi)成為(wei)黃(huang)(huang)、紅、黃(huang)(huang)、綠、藍等(deng)各種(zhong)色(se)(se)彩(cai)的材(cai)料(liao)。常用(yong)的彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)有(you)鈦金(jin)(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)、蝕刻板(ban)(ban)、鈦黑色(se)(se)鏡面(mian)板(ban)(ban)等(deng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鍍膜著(zhu)色(se)(se)工(gong)藝的新技術讓原本單(dan)調的不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)擁有(you)成絢(xuan)麗多彩(cai)的裝飾效果。尤其(qi)是彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鈦金(jin)(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)裝飾效果與(yu)黃(huang)(huang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)的外觀(guan)相似，用(yong)于酒店(dian)會所(suo)等(deng)到高檔場所(suo)比(bi)較多。常用(yong)到板(ban)(ban)材(cai)厚度為(wei)：0.5—2.0mm等(deng)，規格為(wei)1219*2438mm、1219mm*3048mm等(deng)；彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)的材(cai)料(liao)顏色(se)(se)可以(yi)通過定制(zhi)(zhi)加工(gong)廠家制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)。

（3）不銹鋼復(fu)合管

水銹鋼(gang)復(fu)合(he)管(guan)是在商業(ye)建筑(zhu)樓(lou)梯走廊等應用比(bi)價多，現(xian)在一(yi)般會是使用彩色鍍膜加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，除(chu)了增加其裝飾的美觀性(xing)之外，還常(chang)常(chang)運用在有承重及(ji)強度方面要(yao)求的場所，如健身房、舞蹈練功房的扶(fu)手等。

2、鋁合金制品

鋁(lv)(lv)在有色(se)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)是屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于比較輕的(de)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，銀白色(se)鋁(lv)(lv)加入鎂、銅、硅等(deng)元(yuan)素就成了鋁(lv)(lv)合金。鋁(lv)(lv)合金具有質輕、抗腐蝕(shi)的(de)特點，在建(jian)筑裝(zhuang)飾(shi)工程(cheng)中(zhong)運用(yong)十分廣泛(fan)(fan)，如鋁(lv)(lv)合金門窗料(liao)(liao)、玻(bo)璃幕墻(qiang)龍骨、頂(ding)棚(peng)吊頂(ding)龍骨〔閣1—82、圖1—83)、室外招牌龍骨及室內培面隔墻(qiang)龍骨等(deng)。除(chu)了銀白色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)合金運用(yong)較廣泛(fan)(fan)之(zhi)外，紅、黃、綠、藍(lan)等(deng)各種顏色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)合金材料(liao)(liao)也有較廣的(de)用(yong)途。

鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)制品(pin)材(cai)料有：鍋臺金(jin)(jin)(jin)門(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)通風口(kou)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)百葉窗(chuang)(chuang)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)拉閘(zha)門(men)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)扣板等(deng)。其中鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)門(men)面窗(chuang)(chuang)料是(shi)建筑裝(zhuang)飾(shi)工程巾運用(yong)最(zui)廣泛的材(cai)料。

3、銅合金制品

由于銅(tong)強度不高，易折(zhe)斷、工程中—般(ban)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)加人鋅、錫(xi)等元素的(de)合(he)(he)金銅(tong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)材(cai)料。銅(tong)成本較高，常用(yong)(yong)于高級裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)工程起(qi)點綴修(xiu)(xiu)飾(shi)作用(yong)(yong)的(de)部位。鋼(gang)合(he)(he)金制品有(you)銅(tong)藝扶(fu)手、欄桿(gan)、銅(tong)質門(men)拉手、門(men)鎖、合(he)(he)頁(ye)、門(men)阻(zu)、沽具龍頭、燈具、復(fu)合(he)(he)地板銅(tong)嵌條、樓梯踏(ta)步止滑條等。隨(sui)著彩(cai)色不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)仿青古(gu)銅(tong)的(de)加工工藝逐步成熟，已經出現(xian)了(le)采用(yong)(yong)仿青古(gu)銅(tong)來代替銅(tong)材(cai)料裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修(xiu)(xiu)，不僅尤(you)其銅(tong)材(cai)料的(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)效果(guo)，而(er)且在成本上也(ye)可大大節省了(le)很多，也(ye)有(you)利于彩(cai)色不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)仿青古(gu)銅(tong)板向(xiang)各個行業發(fa)展。

4、輕鋼龍骨

輕(qing)鋼(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是安(an)裝各種(zhong)罩(zhao)面板的(de)(de)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)架(jia)，是木龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)換代產品。輕(qing)鋼(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)配以不(bu)同材質(zhi)、不(bu)同花色的(de)(de)罩(zhao)面板，不(bu)僅(jin)改善了建筑物的(de)(de)熱一學、聲學特性，也直(zhi)接(jie)造(zao)就了不(bu)同的(de)(de)裝飾藝(yi)術(shu)和(he)(he)風(feng)格，是室內(nei)設計必須(xu)考慮(lv)的(de)(de)重要內(nei)容。輕(qing)鋼(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)從(cong)材質(zhi)上分(fen)(fen)有鋁合金(jin)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鋁帶龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鍍(du)鋅鋼(gang)板龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。和(he)(he)薄壁冷軋(ya)退火卷帶龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)斷(duan)面上分(fen)(fen)有V型龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、C型龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)及L型龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)用途上分(fen)(fen)有吊(diao)頂(ding)(ding)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號D）、隔斷(duan)（墻體）龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號Q）。吊(diao)頂(ding)(ding)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有主龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（大龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）、次龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（中龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)(he)小龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）。主龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也叫承載(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，次龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也叫覆面龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。隔斷(duan)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有豎龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、橫龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)(he)通貫龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)分(fen)(fen)。鋁合金(jin)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)多做成T型，T型龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)主要用于吊(diao)頂(ding)(ding)。各種(zhong)輕(qing)鋼(gang) 薄板多作(zuo)成V型龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)(he)C型龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，它們在(zai)吊(diao)頂(ding)(ding)和(he)(he)隔斷(duan)中均可采用。

5、金箔

是(shi)以黃(huang)金為(wei)顏料而制(zhi)成的(de)一種極薄的(de)飾面(mian)材(cai)料，厚度(du)僅(jin)為(wei)0.lpm左右。較多的(de)是(shi)國家重(zhong)點文物和高級建筑(zhu)物的(de)局(ju)部 用(yong)(yong)金箔(bo)裝被潤色。金字招(zhao)(zhao)牌(pai)：是(shi)金箔(bo)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)的(de)一種創新，是(shi)其他材(cai)料制(zhi)作的(de)招(zhao)(zhao)牌(pai)無(wu)法比擬的(de)，豪華名貴，永(yong)不(bu)褪色，能保(bao)持(chi)20年(nian)以上。它的(de)價(jia)格比一般銅字招(zhao)(zhao)牌(pai)貴一倍左右，但外表色彩與光澤，使用(yong)(yong)年(nian)限都明顯好于(yu)銅字招(zhao)(zhao)牌(pai)。