建筑金屬材料有哪些

金屬裝飾材料分為兩大類，一是黑色金屬，如鋼、鐵；二是有色金屬。如鋁、鋼、彩色不銹鋼板等的合金材料。

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建筑裝飾金屬材料的應用

1、 不銹鋼制品

鋼(gang)是(shi)由(you)鐵冶煉出來(lai)的(de)(de)，在鋼(gang)中加入(ru)以鉻為主的(de)(de)元素就制作(zuo)成(cheng)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)。鉻元素性質活躍，能與大氣小的(de)(de)氧進行化合(he)，生成(cheng)緊因的(de)(de)一層(ceng)氧化膜(mo)，從而(er)保護合(he)金鋼(gang)，使其不易(yi)生銹(xiu)。鉻元素含量越(yue)高，抗腐蝕性就越(yue)強(qiang)：

不銹鋼制品主要(yao)有以下幾種：

（1）不銹鋼板、管(guan)材

不銹鋼制品的五金裝飾配件有：門拉手、合頁、門吸、門陰、滑輪、毛巾架、玻璃幕墻的點支式(shi)配件(jian)等；生(sheng)活(huo)日用(yong)品有：不(bu)銹鋼(gang)水瓶、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)茶壺、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)砂(sha)鍋、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)刀等。

不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)制品材料應用(yong)在裝飾(shi)工程中主要為板(ban)材，其厚度一般在0．6—2．omm之間，主要應用(yong)在墻柱面、扶手(shou)、欄(lan)桿(gan)等部位(wei)的裝飾(shi)。不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)材包圓形、折(zhe)角(jiao)都基本上(shang)在加工廠里按設計尺寸定型，再(zai)運輸到施(shi)工現(xian)場定位(wei)、焊接(jie)、磨(mo)光。不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)材有(you)亮光板(ban)、亞光板(ban)、砂光板(ban)之分。板(ban)材規格為：1219mmx2438mm、1219mmx3048mm等；不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管材主要運用(yong)于制作不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)電(dian)動門(men)、推(tui)拉門(men)、欄(lan)桿(gan)、扶手(shou)、五金件等。

（2）彩色小銹鋼板(ban)材

彩(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)是(shi)在不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)表(biao)面(mian)進(jin)行著(zhu)色(se)(se)(se)處理，使其(qi)成為黃(huang)、紅(hong)、黃(huang)、綠、藍等各種色(se)(se)(se)彩(cai)的(de)(de)材料。常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)彩(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)有(you)鈦金板(ban)(ban)、蝕刻板(ban)(ban)、鈦黑色(se)(se)(se)鏡面(mian)板(ban)(ban)等，不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鍍膜著(zhu)色(se)(se)(se)工藝的(de)(de)新(xin)技術讓原本單(dan)調的(de)(de)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)擁有(you)成絢麗(li)多(duo)彩(cai)的(de)(de)裝飾效(xiao)果。尤其(qi)是(shi)彩(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鈦金板(ban)(ban)裝飾效(xiao)果與黃(huang)金的(de)(de)外觀(guan)相似，用(yong)于酒店會所等到(dao)(dao)高檔場(chang)所比較多(duo)。常(chang)用(yong)到(dao)(dao)板(ban)(ban)材厚度為：0.5—2.0mm等，規格為1219*2438mm、1219mm*3048mm等；彩(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)材料顏色(se)(se)(se)可以通過定(ding)制(zhi)加工廠家制(zhi)作。

（3）不銹鋼復合管

水銹鋼復合管(guan)是在商(shang)業建筑(zhu)樓梯走廊等應用比價多，現在一般會是使(shi)用彩色鍍膜加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝，除了增加(jia)其(qi)裝飾的美觀性(xing)之外，還常常運用在有承重及(ji)強度方面要求的場所，如健身房、舞(wu)蹈練功房的扶手等。

2、鋁合金制品

鋁(lv)在有色(se)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)中(zhong)是屬(shu)于(yu)比較輕(qing)的(de)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)，銀(yin)白色(se)鋁(lv)加入鎂、銅、硅等元素就成(cheng)了(le)鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)。鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)具有質輕(qing)、抗腐蝕(shi)的(de)特點，在建(jian)筑裝飾(shi)工程(cheng)中(zhong)運(yun)用十分廣泛，如鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)門窗料、玻(bo)璃幕墻(qiang)龍(long)骨、頂(ding)棚吊頂(ding)龍(long)骨〔閣(ge)1—82、圖1—83)、室外招牌龍(long)骨及室內培面隔(ge)墻(qiang)龍(long)骨等。除了(le)銀(yin)白色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)運(yun)用較廣泛之外，紅、黃、綠、藍等各種(zhong)顏色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)材料也(ye)有較廣的(de)用途。

鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)裝飾制品材(cai)料(liao)有：鍋臺金(jin)(jin)門(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)、鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)通(tong)風口、鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)百葉窗(chuang)(chuang)、鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)拉(la)閘(zha)門(men)、鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)、鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)扣板等。其中鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)(jin)門(men)面窗(chuang)(chuang)料(liao)是(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)裝飾工(gong)程巾運用最(zui)廣(guang)泛的材(cai)料(liao)。

3、銅合金制品

由于(yu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)強度不高，易折斷、工(gong)(gong)程中—般運用(yong)加人鋅(xin)、錫(xi)等元素的(de)(de)合金銅(tong)(tong)(tong)裝飾(shi)材料。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本較高，常用(yong)于(yu)高級裝飾(shi)工(gong)(gong)程起(qi)點綴(zhui)修飾(shi)作用(yong)的(de)(de)部(bu)位。鋼合金制品有(you)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)藝扶手、欄桿、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)質門(men)拉手、門(men)鎖、合頁(ye)、門(men)阻、沽具(ju)龍頭、燈具(ju)、復合地板銅(tong)(tong)(tong)嵌(qian)條(tiao)、樓梯踏(ta)步止滑條(tiao)等。隨(sui)著彩(cai)色(se)不銹(xiu)鋼仿(fang)青古(gu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝逐步成(cheng)(cheng)熟，已經出現了采用(yong)仿(fang)青古(gu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)來代替銅(tong)(tong)(tong)材料裝飾(shi)裝修，不僅尤其銅(tong)(tong)(tong)材料的(de)(de)裝飾(shi)效(xiao)果，而且在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)本上也可大大節(jie)省了很多，也有(you)利(li)于(yu)彩(cai)色(se)不銹(xiu)鋼仿(fang)青古(gu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板向(xiang)各個行業發(fa)展。

4、輕鋼龍骨

輕(qing)鋼龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是(shi)(shi)安裝(zhuang)各種罩(zhao)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)的(de)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)架(jia)，是(shi)(shi)木龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)換代產品。輕(qing)鋼龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)配以不同材質、不同花色的(de)罩(zhao)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)，不僅改善了建筑(zhu)物的(de)熱一學、聲學特(te)性，也(ye)直(zhi)接(jie)造就了不同的(de)裝(zhuang)飾藝術和(he)(he)(he)(he)風(feng)格，是(shi)(shi)室內(nei)設計必(bi)須考慮的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容(rong)。輕(qing)鋼龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)從(cong)材質上分有(you)(you)鋁(lv)合金龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鋁(lv)帶龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鍍(du)鋅鋼板(ban)(ban)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。和(he)(he)(he)(he)薄(bo)壁冷軋退火卷帶龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)斷(duan)面(mian)上分有(you)(you)V型(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、C型(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)及(ji)L型(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)用途上分有(you)(you)吊(diao)頂(ding)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號(hao)D）、隔(ge)(ge)斷(duan)（墻體）龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號(hao)Q）。吊(diao)頂(ding)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)主(zhu)(zhu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（大(da)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）、次(ci)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（中(zhong)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)小龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）。主(zhu)(zhu)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)叫承載(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，次(ci)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)叫覆面(mian)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。隔(ge)(ge)斷(duan)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)豎龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、橫(heng)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)通(tong)貫龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之分。鋁(lv)合金龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)多做成T型(xing)(xing)，T型(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)用于(yu)吊(diao)頂(ding)。各種輕(qing)鋼 薄(bo)板(ban)(ban)多作成V型(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)C型(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，它(ta)們(men)在吊(diao)頂(ding)和(he)(he)(he)(he)隔(ge)(ge)斷(duan)中(zhong)均可采用。

5、金箔

是以(yi)黃金(jin)(jin)(jin)為顏料而制成的一(yi)(yi)種極薄的飾面材(cai)料，厚(hou)度(du)僅為0.lpm左右(you)。較多的是國(guo)家重點文物和高(gao)級(ji)建筑物的局部 用金(jin)(jin)(jin)箔裝(zhuang)被潤色(se)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)字招(zhao)牌：是金(jin)(jin)(jin)箔的應用的一(yi)(yi)種創新，是其他(ta)材(cai)料制作的招(zhao)牌無法比(bi)擬的，豪華名貴，永不褪色(se)，能(neng)保持20年以(yi)上(shang)。它的價格比(bi)一(yi)(yi)般銅字招(zhao)牌貴一(yi)(yi)倍(bei)左右(you)，但外表(biao)色(se)彩與(yu)光(guang)澤，使(shi)用年限都(dou)明顯好(hao)于銅字招(zhao)牌。