建筑金屬材料有哪些

金屬裝飾材料分為兩大類，一是黑色金屬，如鋼、鐵；二是有色金屬。如鋁、鋼、彩色不銹鋼板等的合金材料。

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建筑裝飾金屬材料的應用

1、 不銹鋼制品

鋼(gang)是由鐵(tie)冶煉出來(lai)的(de)，在鋼(gang)中加入以鉻為主的(de)元素(su)就制(zhi)作(zuo)成不銹鋼(gang)。鉻元素(su)性質活躍，能與大氣小的(de)氧(yang)進行化合，生成緊因的(de)一層(ceng)氧(yang)化膜，從而保護合金鋼(gang)，使其不易生銹。鉻元素(su)含量越高，抗腐蝕性就越強：

不銹鋼制品主要有以下(xia)幾(ji)種：

（1）不銹鋼(gang)板(ban)、管材

不銹鋼制品的五金裝飾配件有：門拉手、合頁、門吸、門陰、滑輪、毛(mao)巾(jin)架、玻璃(li)幕墻的點支式(shi)配(pei)件等；生(sheng)活日用品(pin)有：不(bu)銹鋼水瓶、不(bu)銹鋼茶壺、不(bu)銹鋼砂鍋(guo)、不(bu)銹鋼刀等。

不銹鋼制品材(cai)(cai)料(liao)應用在(zai)裝(zhuang)飾工程中主(zhu)要(yao)為板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)，其厚度(du)一般在(zai)0．6—2．omm之間，主(zhu)要(yao)應用在(zai)墻柱面(mian)、扶(fu)手(shou)、欄桿(gan)等部位的(de)裝(zhuang)飾。不銹鋼板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)包圓形(xing)、折角都基(ji)本上在(zai)加工廠里按設計尺寸定(ding)(ding)型，再運輸到(dao)施(shi)工現場定(ding)(ding)位、焊接、磨光。不銹鋼板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)有亮(liang)光板(ban)(ban)、亞(ya)光板(ban)(ban)、砂(sha)光板(ban)(ban)之分(fen)。板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)規格為：1219mmx2438mm、1219mmx3048mm等；不銹鋼管材(cai)(cai)主(zhu)要(yao)運用于制作不銹鋼電動(dong)門、推拉門、欄桿(gan)、扶(fu)手(shou)、五金件(jian)等。

（2）彩色小銹鋼板材

彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)是(shi)(shi)在不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)表面(mian)進行著(zhu)色(se)(se)處理，使其(qi)成為黃、紅、黃、綠(lv)、藍等(deng)(deng)各種色(se)(se)彩(cai)的(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。常用(yong)的(de)彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)板(ban)有鈦(tai)(tai)金板(ban)、蝕刻板(ban)、鈦(tai)(tai)黑色(se)(se)鏡面(mian)板(ban)等(deng)(deng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)鍍膜(mo)著(zhu)色(se)(se)工藝的(de)新技術讓(rang)原本(ben)單調的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)擁有成絢麗多彩(cai)的(de)裝飾(shi)效果(guo)。尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)鈦(tai)(tai)金板(ban)裝飾(shi)效果(guo)與黃金的(de)外觀(guan)相(xiang)似，用(yong)于酒店會所等(deng)(deng)到高檔(dang)場所比較(jiao)多。常用(yong)到板(ban)材(cai)(cai)厚(hou)度為：0.5—2.0mm等(deng)(deng)，規格(ge)為1219*2438mm、1219mm*3048mm等(deng)(deng)；彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)板(ban)的(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)顏色(se)(se)可以通過定制(zhi)加工廠家制(zhi)作。

（3）不銹鋼(gang)復合管

水(shui)銹鋼(gang)復合管是(shi)在(zai)商業(ye)建(jian)筑樓梯走廊等應(ying)用比價(jia)多，現在(zai)一(yi)般會是(shi)使用彩色鍍(du)膜加(jia)工工藝，除了增加(jia)其裝飾的美觀性之外(wai)，還(huan)常常運用在(zai)有承重(zhong)及強度方面要求的場所(suo)，如(ru)健身房(fang)、舞蹈練功(gong)房(fang)的扶手等。

2、鋁合金制品

鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)在有(you)色(se)金(jin)屬中是屬于比較(jiao)輕的(de)金(jin)屬，銀白色(se)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)加入鎂、銅、硅等(deng)元(yuan)素就成了(le)(le)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)。鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)具有(you)質輕、抗腐(fu)蝕的(de)特點，在建(jian)筑裝飾工程(cheng)中運用十分廣(guang)泛(fan)，如鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)門窗(chuang)料(liao)、玻璃(li)幕墻(qiang)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)、頂棚(peng)吊頂龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)〔閣1—82、圖1—83)、室(shi)(shi)外招牌龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)及(ji)室(shi)(shi)內(nei)培面隔墻(qiang)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)等(deng)。除了(le)(le)銀白色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)運用較(jiao)廣(guang)泛(fan)之外，紅、黃、綠(lv)、藍(lan)等(deng)各種顏色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合金(jin)材料(liao)也(ye)有(you)較(jiao)廣(guang)的(de)用途(tu)。

鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)裝飾制品材料有：鍋臺金(jin)門(men)窗(chuang)、鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)通風口、鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)百(bai)葉窗(chuang)、鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)拉閘門(men)、鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)、鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)扣板等(deng)。其中(zhong)鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)門(men)面窗(chuang)料是(shi)建(jian)筑裝飾工程巾運用最廣泛的材料。

3、銅合金制品

由于(yu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)強度不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)，易折斷(duan)、工(gong)程中—般運用(yong)(yong)加(jia)人鋅、錫等(deng)元素的合金(jin)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)裝(zhuang)飾材(cai)料。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成本(ben)較高(gao)，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)級裝(zhuang)飾工(gong)程起點綴(zhui)修(xiu)飾作用(yong)(yong)的部位。鋼合金(jin)制(zhi)品(pin)有銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)藝(yi)扶(fu)手(shou)、欄桿、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)質門拉手(shou)、門鎖、合頁(ye)、門阻、沽具龍頭、燈(deng)具、復合地板銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)嵌(qian)條(tiao)、樓梯(ti)踏步止滑條(tiao)等(deng)。隨著(zhu)彩色不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼仿青古銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)逐步成熟，已經出現了采用(yong)(yong)仿青古銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)來代替銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料裝(zhuang)飾裝(zhuang)修(xiu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅尤其銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料的裝(zhuang)飾效果，而且在成本(ben)上也(ye)(ye)可大大節省了很多，也(ye)(ye)有利于(yu)彩色不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼仿青古銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)板向(xiang)各(ge)個行業(ye)發展(zhan)。

4、輕鋼龍骨

輕(qing)(qing)鋼(gang)(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是安裝各種(zhong)罩(zhao)面(mian)板的(de)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)架，是木龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)換代產品。輕(qing)(qing)鋼(gang)(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)配以不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)材(cai)(cai)質、不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)花色的(de)罩(zhao)面(mian)板，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅改(gai)善了建筑物的(de)熱(re)一學、聲學特性，也直接造就了不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)裝飾藝(yi)術和(he)風格，是室內設(she)計必須考慮的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內容(rong)。輕(qing)(qing)鋼(gang)(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)從(cong)材(cai)(cai)質上分(fen)有鋁(lv)合金(jin)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鋁(lv)帶(dai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)板龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。和(he)薄(bo)(bo)壁冷軋退火(huo)卷帶(dai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)斷(duan)面(mian)上分(fen)有V型(xing)(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、C型(xing)(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)及(ji)L型(xing)(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)用途上分(fen)有吊(diao)頂龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號D）、隔(ge)斷(duan)（墻(qiang)體）龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號Q）。吊(diao)頂龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有主龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（大(da)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）、次(ci)(ci)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（中龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)小(xiao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）。主龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也叫承(cheng)載龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，次(ci)(ci)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也叫覆面(mian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。隔(ge)斷(duan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有豎龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、橫(heng)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)通(tong)貫(guan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)分(fen)。鋁(lv)合金(jin)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)多(duo)做成T型(xing)(xing)(xing)，T型(xing)(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)主要(yao)用于吊(diao)頂。各種(zhong)輕(qing)(qing)鋼(gang)(gang) 薄(bo)(bo)板多(duo)作成V型(xing)(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)C型(xing)(xing)(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，它們在吊(diao)頂和(he)隔(ge)斷(duan)中均可采用。

5、金箔

是以(yi)黃金(jin)為(wei)顏料(liao)(liao)而制成的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)極薄的(de)飾面材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，厚(hou)度僅為(wei)0.lpm左右(you)。較(jiao)多的(de)是國家重(zhong)點文物(wu)(wu)和高級建筑物(wu)(wu)的(de)局部 用金(jin)箔裝被(bei)潤(run)色。金(jin)字招牌(pai)(pai)(pai)：是金(jin)箔的(de)應用的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)創新，是其他材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)制作的(de)招牌(pai)(pai)(pai)無法比擬的(de)，豪華名貴，永(yong)不褪色，能保持20年以(yi)上。它的(de)價(jia)格比一(yi)般銅(tong)字招牌(pai)(pai)(pai)貴一(yi)倍左右(you)，但(dan)外表(biao)色彩與光澤，使用年限都明顯好于銅(tong)字招牌(pai)(pai)(pai)。