電動汽車蓄電池容量一般是多少

一般家用汽(qi)車電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量為(wei)54-60Ah之(zhi)間(jian)，汽(qi)車電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量表示在(zai)一定條(tiao)件下（放電(dian)率(lv)、溫度、終止電(dian)壓等）電(dian)瓶放出的(de)(de)電(dian)量。一般汽(qi)車電(dian)瓶的(de)(de)容(rong)量單位(wei)為(wei)Ah，例如容(rong)量為(wei)60Ah的(de)(de)電(dian)瓶如果(guo)連(lian)續放電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)為(wei)1A，那么它可連(lian)續放電(dian)60小時。基(ji)于國家GB標準(zhun)，以型(xing)號為(wei)6-QAW-54a的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)池(chi)為(wei)例：

1、6表示(shi)由6個單格(ge)電(dian)池組成，每個單格(ge)電(dian)池電(dian)壓為2V，即額定電(dian)壓為12V。

2、Q表示蓄(xu)電池的用途，Q為汽車(che)啟動用蓄(xu)電池。

3、A表(biao)示干(gan)荷型蓄(xu)電(dian)池。

4、W表示免維護型蓄電(dian)池，若不標表示普通型蓄電(dian)池。

5、54：表(biao)示蓄電池(chi)的額定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)為54Ah。

6、角標(biao)a：表示對原產品的(de)第一次改進。

7、角標(biao)b表示第二次改(gai)進，依次類推。

8、注：型號(hao)后加D表示低溫啟(qi)動性(xing)能好(hao)，如6-QA-110D。

該圖片由注冊用戶"橘子de殿堂"提供，版權聲明反饋

電動汽車蓄電池性能參數

1、電動勢

電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)動勢，又稱電(dian)(dian)池(chi)標準電(dian)(dian)壓或理論(lun)電(dian)(dian)壓，為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)斷路時(shi)正(zheng)負兩極間的電(dian)(dian)位差。

2、額定電壓

額(e)定電壓(或公稱電壓)，系(xi)指該(gai)電化學(xue)體系(xi)的電池工(gong)作(zuo)時公認的標準電壓。

3、開路電壓

電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)開路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)無負荷情(qing)況下的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。開路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不等于(yu)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)。必須指出(chu)，電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)是(shi)從熱力學函數計算而得(de)到的(de)(de)(de)，而電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)開路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)則是(shi)實(shi)際測量(liang)出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)。

4、工作電壓

指蓄電池在某負載下實際的放電(dian)電(dian)壓，通常(chang)是(shi)指(zhi)一個電(dian)壓范圍。

5、充電電壓

指外(wai)電(dian)(dian)路直流電(dian)(dian)壓對電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)壓。一般的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓要大于電(dian)(dian)池的開路電(dian)(dian)壓，通常在一定的范(fan)圍內。

6、內阻

蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)內阻包括：正負(fu)極板的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，隔(ge)板的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻和連(lian)接(jie)體的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻等。

7、正負極電阻

目前普遍使用的(de)鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池正、負極(ji)板為涂膏式(shi)，由(you)鉛銻合金或(huo)鉛鈣合金板柵(zha)架和(he)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)兩部分構成(cheng)。因此，極(ji)板電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)也由(you)板柵(zha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)和(he)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)組成(cheng)。板柵(zha)在活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)內層，充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，不會發(fa)生化學(xue)變化，所(suo)以它的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是(shi)板柵(zha)的(de)固有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是(shi)隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態的(de)不同而變化的(de)。

8、電解液電阻

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻視其濃(nong)度(du)(du)不同而異。在規(gui)定的(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)范圍內一旦選定某一濃(nong)度(du)(du)后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻將隨(sui)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)程度(du)(du)而變(bian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，在極板活性物質還原的(de)同時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液濃(nong)度(du)(du)增加，其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻下(xia)降；蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，在極板活性物質硫酸化的(de)同時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液濃(nong)度(du)(du)下(xia)降，其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻增加。

9、隔板電阻

隔板(ban)的電(dian)阻視其孔(kong)率(lv)而異，新(xin)電(dian)池的隔板(ban)電(dian)阻是趨(qu)于一個固定值，但(dan)隨電(dian)池運行時間(jian)的延長，其電(dian)阻有(you)所(suo)增加。因為，電(dian)池在運行過(guo)程中(zhong)有(you)些鉛渣(zha)和其他沉積物在隔板(ban)上，使(shi)得隔板(ban)孔(kong)率(lv)有(you)所(suo)下降而增加了電(dian)阻。

10、連接體電阻

連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)體包(bao)括單體電池(chi)串聯(lian)時(shi)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)條等金屬的固(gu)有電阻(zu)(zu)，電池(chi)極(ji)板(ban)間的連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)電阻(zu)(zu)，以及正、負極(ji)板(ban)組成極(ji)群的連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)體的金屬電阻(zu)(zu)，若焊接(jie)(jie)和連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)觸良好，連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)體電阻(zu)(zu)可視為一固(gu)定(ding)電阻(zu)(zu)。

11、容量

電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)單位為庫侖(lun)(C)或(huo)安(an)時(shi)(Ah)。理(li)論(lun)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)指(zhi)根據(ju)參(can)加電(dian)化(hua)學反應的(de)(de)活性物質電(dian)化(hua)學當量(liang)(liang)數計(ji)算得到的(de)(de)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)。額定容(rong)量(liang)(liang)指(zhi)在設(she)計(ji)和生產(chan)電(dian)池(chi)時(shi)，規定或(huo)保證(zheng)在指(zhi)定放電(dian)條件下(xia)電(dian)池(chi)應該(gai)放出的(de)(de)最低限度的(de)(de)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)。實際容(rong)量(liang)(liang)指(zhi)在一定的(de)(de)放電(dian)條件下(xia)，即在一定的(de)(de)放電(dian)電(dian)流和溫度下(xia)，電(dian)池(chi)在終止(zhi)電(dian)壓前(qian)所(suo)能放出的(de)(de)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)。

12、比能量

電池的輸出能量是指在一定的放電條件下，蓄電池所能作出的電(dian)(dian)功，它(ta)等于電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的放電(dian)(dian)容量和電(dian)(dian)池(chi)平均工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)壓的乘積，其單(dan)位常用瓦時(shi)(Wh)表示。

13、壽命

電(dian)池(chi)的壽(shou)命有“干貯(zhu)存(cun)壽(shou)命”和(he)“濕(shi)貯(zhu)存(cun)壽(shou)命”兩個概念。必(bi)須指出，這兩個概念僅是(shi)(shi)針對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)自放電(dian)大小(xiao)而言的，并(bing)非電(dian)池(chi)的實際使用期限(xian)。電(dian)池(chi)的真正壽(shou)命是(shi)(shi)指電(dian)池(chi)實際使用的時(shi)間長(chang)短。