一、財產保險和人身保險分別的定義是什么

1、財產保險

財(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)有廣(guang)義與(yu)狹(xia)義之分。廣(guang)義財(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)是指(zhi)以財(cai)產(chan)(chan)及(ji)其(qi)有關的(de)(de)(de)經濟利益和損(sun)害賠償責任(ren)為(wei)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)；狹(xia)義財(cai)產(chan)(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)則是指(zhi)以物質財(cai)產(chan)(chan)為(wei)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。在保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)務(wu)中(zhong)，后者一般(ban)稱為(wei)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)損(sun)失保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。

《中華人民共和(he)國保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)法》第九十五條(tiao)規定(ding)，財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)業務，包括財(cai)產(chan)損失保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)、責(ze)任保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)、信用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)等(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)業務。可(ke)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)財(cai)產(chan)，包括物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態和(he)非(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態的財(cai)產(chan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其有關(guan)(guan)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)(yi)。以物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態的財(cai)產(chan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)標的的，通(tong)常稱為(wei)(wei)財(cai)產(chan)損失保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)。例(li)如，飛機、衛星、電廠(chang)、大(da)型工(gong)程、汽車、船舶(bo)、廠(chang)房、設備以及(ji)(ji)(ji)家庭財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)等(deng)。以非(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)形(xing)態的財(cai)產(chan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)標的的，通(tong)常是(shi)指各種責(ze)任保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)、信用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)等(deng)。例(li)如，公眾責(ze)任、產(chan)品責(ze)任、雇主責(ze)任、職業責(ze)任、出(chu)口(kou)信用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)、投資風險(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)等(deng)。但是(shi)，并非(fei)(fei)所(suo)有的財(cai)產(chan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)(yi)都可(ke)以作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)的保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)標的。只有根據法律(lv)規定(ding)，符合財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)合同要求(qiu)的財(cai)產(chan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)(yi)，才能成為(wei)(wei)財(cai)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)的保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)標的。

2、人身保險

人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)(shen)保(bao)險，是(shi)以人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)壽命和(he)身(shen)(shen)體為保(bao)險標的(de)(de)的(de)(de)保(bao)險。當人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)遭受(shou)不幸事故或因(yin)疾病(bing)、年老(lao)以致喪失(shi)工作能力、傷殘、死亡或年老(lao)退休時，根據保(bao)險合同的(de)(de)約定，保(bao)險人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對被保(bao)險人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或受(shou)益人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)給付保(bao)險金(jin)，以解決其因(yin)病(bing)、殘、老(lao)、死所造成的(de)(de)經(jing)濟困難。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)(shen)保(bao)險是(shi)在社會主義(yi)制度(du)下，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)(shen)保(bao)險是(shi)勞動(dong)者在遇有不幸事故，喪失(shi)勞動(dong)能力或家(jia)庭扶養人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)死亡時得到物質保(bao)證的(de)(de)形式之一。

國(guo)家統一(yi)使用的人(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)基(ji)金，是(shi)靠(kao)投保(bao)人(ren)的按期繳款(kuan)建立的。人(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)也是(shi)組織(zhi)居民儲蓄(xu)的一(yi)種特殊形式，在(zai)投保(bao)人(ren)達到保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)契約所定(ding)的年齡(ling)時，國(guo)家給他一(yi)定(ding)金額的款(kuan)項等(deng)等(deng)。人(ren)身(shen)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)按照保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)形式，可(ke)以(yi)分為自愿保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和強制保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)；按照人(ren)身(shen)發生危險(xian)(xian)(xian)的性質，可(ke)以(yi)分為人(ren)壽保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和意外(wai)傷害(hai)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。

二、財產保險與人身保險有什么區別

1、保險標的（也稱保險對象）不同

人身保(bao)險(xian)的保(bao)險(xian)標的是人的壽(shou)命和身體。當遭(zao)受不幸(xing)事故或因疾病(bing)、年(nian)(nian)老(lao)(lao)以致喪失工作(zuo)能力、傷(shang)殘(can)、死亡或年(nian)(nian)老(lao)(lao)退休時，會給付相應(ying)的保(bao)險(xian)金。

財產(chan)(chan)(chan)保險(xian)的(de)(de)保險(xian)標的(de)(de)是財產(chan)(chan)(chan)及其(qi)相關利(li)益，包括(kuo)財產(chan)(chan)(chan)損失保險(xian)、責任保險(xian)、信用保險(xian)、保證(zheng)保險(xian)、農業保險(xian)等。

2、保額確定方式不同

人(ren)身保險(xian)是(shi)(shi)以投保人(ren)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)自己的經濟狀況、工作性(xing)質(zhi)來確(que)定(ding)保險(xian)金(jin)額的；財產保險(xian)是(shi)(shi)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)(ju)保險(xian)標的實際價值(zhi)來確(que)定(ding)的，屬于補償性(xing)保險(xian)。

3、保險期限不同

一般來說人身保險的保險期限都在1年以上，保險期限較長，計算保費時會考慮利率等因素；財產保險多(duo)為短期（1年(nian)及1年(nian)以(yi)內）。財產(chan)保險計算保費時(shi)一(yi)般不考慮利(li)率(lv)因(yin)素。

4、保險性質不同

對于某些人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)險(xian)(xian)種來說具有一定(ding)的儲蓄性，保(bao)(bao)單(dan)在經(jing)過一定(ding)的時間后，具有現金價值，投保(bao)(bao)人(ren)或被保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)人(ren)享有保(bao)(bao)單(dan)抵押貸款等(deng)一系列權利，而財(cai)產保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)一般不具有。

人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)與財(cai)產保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的區別有哪些(xie)，大致(zhi)(zhi)可以分為以上四種(zhong)，對(dui)于(yu)人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)來說還有一些(xie)其他的性質是財(cai)產險(xian)(xian)(xian)不(bu)具有的。比如代位求償(chang)(chang)，當損失由第三(san)方造成時(shi)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)在履行賠償(chang)(chang)義務后，可以向第三(san)方責任人(ren)追償(chang)(chang)損失，但是被保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)可以；在人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)中，投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)在遭受保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)事(shi)故受到(dao)傷(shang)害后，既能從保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司獲(huo)得保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金(jin)，又能從致(zhi)(zhi)害人(ren)那里獲(huo)得賠償(chang)(chang)，但保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)沒有從肇(zhao)事(shi)者處索(suo)取(qu)賠償(chang)(chang)的權利。

單(dan)從(cong)字面來看的(de)(de)話(hua)，人身保(bao)(bao)險(xian)與財產(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)在承(cheng)(cheng)保(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)對(dui)象(xiang)上(shang)就有(you)本質的(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)，人身保(bao)(bao)險(xian)主要承(cheng)(cheng)保(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)是“人”一(yi)般不涉(she)(she)及“物”；財產(chan)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)承(cheng)(cheng)保(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)不僅有(you)“物”還(huan)會涉(she)(she)及到(dao)“人”的(de)(de)問題。

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