共同共有是什么意思
共同共有,是指每個共有人對共有財產不分份額地享有共同的權利,承擔共同的義務。共同共有一般是基于共同生活、共同勞動而產生,如夫妻共(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)、家(jia)庭(ting)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)等。共(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)財(cai)產的使用、處(chu)分應當由全體共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)人(ren)協商(shang)一(yi)致。在共(gong)(gong)同(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)關(guan)系(xi)存續期間,部分共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)人(ren)擅自(zi)處(chu)分共(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)財(cai)產的,一(yi)般認定無效。
按份共有是什么意思
按份(fen)共(gong)有(you),是指共(gong)有(you)人(ren)分(fen)(fen)別按照確定(ding)的份(fen)額(e)(e)對(dui)共(gong)有(you)財產分(fen)(fen)享權(quan)利、分(fen)(fen)擔義務(wu)。如:甲、乙(yi)、丙三個農民各(ge)出1萬元買了一輛(liang)農用運輸車,則甲、乙(yi)、丙對(dui)這(zhe)輛(liang)車各(ge)自享有(you)1/3的權(quan)利,也各(ge)自分(fen)(fen)擔1/3的義務(wu)。按份(fen)共(gong)有(you)各(ge)共(gong)有(you)人(ren)的份(fen)額(e)(e)多少(shao)由法律(lv)規定(ding),沒有(you)法律(lv)規定(ding)的,由共(gong)有(you)人(ren)協議約定(ding),原則上按各(ge)共(gong)有(you)人(ren)的出資比例確定(ding)其共(gong)有(you)份(fen)額(e)(e)。
按份共有和共同共有的區別聯系
【聯系】
兩者都是由兩個或兩個以上的人對同一項財產享有所有權和共同承擔相應的(de)(de)義務,共有人的(de)(de)權利都基于共有物(wu)的(de)(de)全部。
【區別】
1、產生的依據不同
房屋的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)共(gong)(gong)有(you)根據(ju)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)關系(xi)(xi)產生(sheng)(sheng),以某種共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)關系(xi)(xi)的(de)存(cun)在作為發生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)必(bi)要條(tiao)(tiao)例。例如,以夫妻關系(xi)(xi)存(cun)在為必(bi)要條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian),以家庭關系(xi)(xi)存(cun)在為必(bi)要條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian),以合伙關系(xi)(xi)存(cun)在為必(bi)要條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)。而(er)按份共(gong)(gong)有(you)則不需(xu)要這個前提條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian),只需(xu)要共(gong)(gong)有(you)人的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)意志(zhi)而(er)發生(sheng)(sheng)。
2、享有權利的范圍不同
在共(gong)同共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)中,共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)分(fen)份(fen)額的(de)(de),共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)人對共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)平等地(di)享有(you)(you)(you)權利并承(cheng)擔義務,只(zhi)要有(you)(you)(you)共(gong)同關系存在,就不(bu)能(neng)劃分(fen)各(ge)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)人的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)產份(fen)額。只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)在共(gong)同共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)關系終(zhong)止時,才可以對共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)房(fang)(fang)產進行(xing)(xing)分(fen)額,確定(ding)自己的(de)(de)份(fen)額。例如,夫(fu)妻(qi)關系存續期間共(gong)同購買的(de)(de)一(yi)套(tao)四房(fang)(fang)兩(liang)廳商品房(fang)(fang),就不(bu)能(neng)劃分(fen)哪間房(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)丈夫(fu)的(de)(de),哪間房(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)妻(qi)子的(de)(de)。假如夫(fu)妻(qi)離婚(hun),即可依法進行(xing)(xing)分(fen)割。而按(an)份(fen)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you),是(shi)(shi)按(an)照各(ge)自的(de)(de)份(fen)額享有(you)(you)(you)權利并承(cheng)擔義務的(de)(de)。
3、對共有房屋的處分方式不同
根據《民法典》規定:“按(an)份共有(you)(you)財產(chan)的每個共有(you)(you)人(ren)有(you)(you)權(quan)要求將自己的份額(e)分出或者轉讓,但在(zai)出售時,其他(ta)共有(you)(you)人(ren)在(zai)同等條(tiao)件下(xia),有(you)(you)優先(xian)購買(mai)的權(quan)利。”;“按(an)份共有(you)(you)人(ren)可以轉讓其享(xiang)(xiang)有(you)(you)的共有(you)(you)的不動產(chan)或者動產(chan)份額(e)。其他(ta)共有(you)(you)人(ren)在(zai)同等條(tiao)件下(xia)享(xiang)(xiang)有(you)(you)優先(xian)購買(mai)的權(quan)利。”
在按(an)份共(gong)(gong)有(you)中,各共(gong)(gong)有(you)權人(ren)可(ke)以(yi)自(zi)(zi)由處分共(gong)(gong)有(you)房產中屬于自(zi)(zi)己的份額,而無需征得其(qi)他(ta)共(gong)(gong)有(you)人(ren)的同(tong)意,其(qi)他(ta)共(gong)(gong)有(you)人(ren)只能在同(tong)等條件下享有(you)優先購(gou)買權。
而共同共有的房屋,共(gong)有人要對共(gong)有房產進行處(chu)分時,必須取(qu)得(de)全體共(gong)有人的同(tong)意或者(zhe)占份額三分之二以上的人同(tong)意,否(fou)則(ze),部分共(gong)有人擅自(zi)處(chu)分的共(gong)有房產,一般情況(kuang)下都認(ren)定為無效。
共同共有的房子如何確定份額
1、我國《民法典》對共(gong)同(tong)共(gong)有份(fen)額的規定(ding):將按份(fen)共(gong)有作為共(gong)有的常(chang)態。共(gong)同(tong)共(gong)有是不分份(fen)額的共(gong)有。
2、房(fang)屋的(de)所(suo)有權(quan)不劃分所(suo)有權(quan)份額,各所(suo)有權(quan)人享有平(ping)等的(de)權(quan)利。
3、除(chu)法律規定(ding)或當事人另(ling)有(you)約(yue)定(ding)外,不能對(dui)房屋進行(xing)分(fen)(fen)割(ge),不能終止房屋共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)關系(xi)。只有(you)出現法定(ding)或約(yue)定(ding)事由,導致共(gong)(gong)(gong)同關系(xi)歸于消滅時(shi)(shi),共(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)人才(cai)能對(dui)財(cai)產進行(xing)分(fen)(fen)割(ge)。例如:夫妻(qi)財(cai)產的分(fen)(fen)割(ge),只有(you)在婚(hun)姻關系(xi)解除(chu)時(shi)(shi),才(cai)能對(dui)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同財(cai)產進行(xing)分(fen)(fen)割(ge)。