一、液壓馬達和電機的區別在哪里

液(ye)壓(ya)馬達和(he)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)最主要的(de)區別在于動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)來(lai)源(yuan)不一樣，液(ye)壓(ya)馬達的(de)能量來(lai)源(yuan)是液(ye)壓(ya)油(you)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)勢能，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)能量來(lai)源(yuan)是電(dian)(dian)勢能。

1、液壓馬達：

液(ye)壓馬(ma)達是液(ye)壓系統的一種執行元件，它(ta)將(jiang)液(ye)壓泵(beng)提供的液(ye)體壓力(li)能(neng)轉(zhuan)變為其輸出軸的機械(xie)能(neng)（轉(zhuan)矩(ju)和轉(zhuan)速(su)）。

液壓馬達(da)亦稱為油馬達(da)，主(zhu)要應(ying)用(yong)于注(zhu)塑機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、船舶(bo)、起揚機(ji)(ji)、工程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、建筑機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、煤(mei)礦機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、礦山機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、冶(ye)金機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、船舶(bo)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、石(shi)油化工、港(gang)口機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)等(deng)(deng)。具有體積小(xiao)、重(zhong)量輕、結構簡(jian)單、工藝性好、對油液的污染(ran)不敏感、耐沖擊和(he)慣性小(xiao)等(deng)(deng)優(you)點。缺點有扭矩(ju)脈動較(jiao)大、效率較(jiao)低、起動扭矩(ju)較(jiao)小(xiao)（僅為額定(ding)扭矩(ju)的60%——70%）和(he)低速(su)穩定(ding)性差等(deng)(deng)。

2、電動機：

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)（Motor）是(shi)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能轉換成(cheng)機(ji)械能的(de)一(yi)種設備。它是(shi)利用通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線圈（也就是(shi)定子(zi)(zi)繞組）產生旋轉磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)并作(zuo)用于轉子(zi)(zi)（如鼠籠(long)式(shi)閉合鋁框）形成(cheng)磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)力(li)旋轉扭(niu)矩。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)按使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源不(bu)同(tong)分為直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)和交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)大部分是(shi)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，可以是(shi)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)或者是(shi)異步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)定子(zi)(zi)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)轉速與(yu)轉子(zi)(zi)旋轉轉速不(bu)保持(chi)同(tong)步速）。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)主(zhu)要由定子(zi)(zi)與(yu)轉子(zi)(zi)組成(cheng)，通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導線在(zai)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)中受力(li)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)方(fang)向跟電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)方(fang)向和磁(ci)感線（磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)方(fang)向）方(fang)向有關。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)工作(zuo)原理是(shi)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)受力(li)的(de)作(zuo)用，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉動(dong)(dong)。

二、液壓馬達可以代替電機使用嗎

液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)達能否代替電(dian)機(ji)要根(gen)據(ju)實際的情況(kuang)而定，液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)達的動(dong)力(li)(li)來(lai)源(yuan)也是(shi)要靠(kao)電(dian)機(ji)或(huo)者發動(dong)機(ji)來(lai)提供動(dong)力(li)(li)來(lai)源(yuan)，通(tong)過液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系統泵(beng)閥轉(zhuan)換(huan)后才能驅動(dong)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)達提供動(dong)力(li)(li)源(yuan)。至于是(shi)使用液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)達還是(shi)電(dian)機(ji)這要根(gen)據(ju)實際的情況(kuang)，如果需要的扭矩大就要通(tong)過液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)馬(ma)達帶(dai)動(dong)，如果扭矩一(yi)般就可(ke)以通(tong)過電(dian)機(ji)來(lai)驅動(dong)。