一、電壓表怎么看測量對象
判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表測量(liang)的(de)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)哪一(yi)部分(fen)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),這(zhe)類題目在練習和試題中(zhong)頻頻出(chu)現,由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表與(yu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)器并(bing)聯(lian),在串聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong),不論是實物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)還是形式有變化的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)圖中(zhong),學生往往不能快速準確(que)地判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表究竟測量(liang)的(de)是哪一(yi)部分(fen)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),基于上述原因(yin),給出(chu)以下方(fang)法:
1、短路法
電壓表去(qu)掉,假設用導線(xian)接(jie)該(gai)(gai)位(wei)置,若此時某些(xie)用電(dian)器或(huo)電(dian)源被(bei)短路,則這(zhe)些(xie)用電(dian)器或(huo)電(dian)源即為(wei)該(gai)(gai)電(dian)壓表測量的對象(xiang)。
2、去源法
“去掉”電(dian)源(用手捂住(zhu)電(dian)源),再看電(dian)壓(ya)表(biao)與哪部分構成閉合(he)回路,那(nei)么(me)電(dian)壓(ya)表(biao)測的就是那(nei)部分電(dian)路的電(dian)壓(ya)。
3、滑線法
電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表(biao)兩端沿(yan)著連接的導線(xian)滑動(dong)到用電(dian)(dian)器(qi)或電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)兩端。(能跨過(guo)元件:開關、電(dian)(dian)流表(biao)。不能跨過(guo)元件:電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)、用電(dian)(dian)器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表(biao))。
4、特殊說明
(1)電壓(ya)表接在(zai)電路中相當于該處開路。
(2)電(dian)流(liu)表接在(zai)電(dian)路中相當于一根(gen)導線。
(3)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表與(yu)用電(dian)(dian)器(qi)串聯(lian)拖后接(jie)在電(dian)(dian)源兩端,電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表測量的是電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
二、電壓表測量對象短路會怎么樣
被(bei)(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)的用電器(qi)短路(lu)的時(shi)候,電壓(ya)表顯示為零,被(bei)(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)的用電器(qi)斷路(lu)的時(shi)候,通(tong)常很(hen)多人會認為被(bei)(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)開路(lu)電壓(ya)。實際并不準(zhun)確,只有(you)輸(shu)入電壓(ya)與被(bei)(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)的用電器(qi)直接相連的情(qing)況下,斷路(lu)之后(hou),電壓(ya)表測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)出來(lai)才是(shi)開路(lu)電壓(ya)。但是(shi)如果輸(shu)入電壓(ya)與被(bei)(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)的用電器(qi)之間有(you)其(qi)他感容電子元件(jian)的話(hua),受到感容電子元件(jian)的影響(xiang),測(ce)(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)出來(lai)的實際是(shi)頻(pin)率電壓(ya)。