一、三相多功能電力儀表校驗方法
多功能電(dian)力儀表應定期進行校(xiao)驗,保證測量的(de)準確性,具體的(de)校(xiao)驗方法步驟如(ru)下:
1、校驗前
(1)查看多功能電力儀表是否接(jie)入儀表(biao)電源(yuan)(yuan),有(you)無(wu)(wu)示數。若無(wu)(wu)示數顯示,則(ze)檢查電源(yuan)(yuan)線(xian),控制(zhi)電源(yuan)(yuan)回路(lu)。
(2)外觀檢查,檢查是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)缺角(jiao),看(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)零件脫落或(huo)損(sun)壞之處,緊固件是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)松動,電路連(lian)接線是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)開焊(han)等顯(xian)示不正常情況。
(3)記(ji)錄下該多功(gong)能電(dian)力(li)儀表(biao)的銘牌(pai),包括生(sheng)產日期(qi)、廠家、精(jing)度、出廠日期(qi)、編號、變比(bi)、型號、天(tian)氣情況、環境溫度、環境濕度等。二(er)次回路(lu)清(qing)掃檢(jian)查,電(dian)流表(biao)CT,電(dian)壓表(biao)PT,功(gong)率表(biao)PT/CT二(er)次側回路(lu)清(qing)掃,檢(jian)查。
2、主要參數校驗過程
(1)原理
次(ci)級線圈(quan)(quan)的(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓一(yi)般設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)為100V,與其配(pei)套使用的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓表量程(cheng)也(ye)應(ying)(ying)為100V,通過(guo)變(bian)比換(huan)(huan)算出一(yi)次(ci)側線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)標準值。次(ci)級線圈(quan)(quan)的(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)一(yi)般設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)為5A,與其配(pei)套使用的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表量程(cheng)也(ye)應(ying)(ying)為5A,通過(guo)變(bian)比換(huan)(huan)算出一(yi)次(ci)側相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)標準值,然后根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,換(huan)(huan)算出有功功率,無功功率等。
(2)電壓校驗
按照多(duo)(duo)功能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀表(biao)說明(ming)書正確設置儀表(biao)參數,在校驗裝(zhuang)置上(shang)輸入(ru)”11.547U”然后按“Enter”鍵,則此時裝(zhuang)置對多(duo)(duo)功能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀表(biao)ABC三相輸入(ru)11.547V相電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),二次(ci)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為20V。操作多(duo)(duo)功能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀表(biao)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)顯示界面(mian),記錄下多(duo)(duo)功能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀表(biao)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)顯示數據。然后按照上(shang)述方法分別,在檢測裝(zhuang)置輸入(ru)23.094U,34.642U,46.189U,57.737U,記錄多(duo)(duo)功能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀表(biao)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)顯示數據。
(3)電流校驗
檢測裝(zhuang)置上先按(an)Menu鍵進(jin)入主(zhu)菜單,然后(hou)按(an)“1交流輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出“進(jin)入交流輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出界面,按(an)V/Y鍵,用于Y型或V型接線方式選擇,一(yi)般多數(shu)為(wei)(wei)Y型接法(fa),按(an)IRange量(liang)程鍵選擇合適量(liang)程,一(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)感器二次側(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)(wei)5A。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入”1I”然后(hou)按(an)Enter鍵,則(ze)此(ci)時(shi)裝(zhuang)置對儀(yi)表ABC三(san)相輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入1安培電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,調節多功能電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀(yi)表到電(dian)(dian)(dian)流顯(xian)示(shi)界面,記(ji)錄下多功能電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀(yi)表顯(xian)示(shi)數(shu)據(ju)。然后(hou)按(an)照上述方法(fa),分別輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入2I,3I,4I,5I,記(ji)錄下多功能電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)儀(yi)表顯(xian)示(shi)數(shu)據(ju)。
(4)有功功率,無功功率,功率因素校驗
A、有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率:在檢(jian)測裝(zhuang)置上選(xuan)擇好電(dian)壓(ya)電(dian)流相(xiang)對應(ying)的量程(cheng)和接線方(fang)式,輸(shu)入57.737U然(ran)后(hou)按(an)(an)Enter鍵。按(an)(an)快捷鍵區“Φ試驗點1.0”,調(diao)整儀表功(gong)(gong)(gong)率為有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率模式,輸(shu)入”1I”然(ran)后(hou)按(an)(an)Enter鍵,則此時(shi)裝(zhuang)置對多功(gong)(gong)(gong)能電(dian)力儀表ABC三相(xiang)輸(shu)入1安培電(dian)流,線電(dian)壓(ya)100V。調(diao)節多功(gong)(gong)(gong)能電(dian)力儀表到(dao)有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率顯示界面(mian),記錄(lu)(lu)下(xia)數據。然(ran)后(hou)按(an)(an)照上述方(fang)法,分別輸(shu)入2I,3I,4I,5I,記錄(lu)(lu)下(xia)數據。
B、無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率:在(zai)檢測裝置(zhi)上按(an)快捷(jie)鍵區“Φ試驗點0.0L”或“Φ試驗點0.0C”調整多(duo)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)電力儀表(biao)功(gong)(gong)率為無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率模式,然后(hou)在(zai)分別(bie)輸入1I、2I、3I、4I、5I,調節多(duo)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)電力儀表(biao)到無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率顯示界(jie)面(mian),記錄下數據。
C、功率因素(su)(su):在檢測(ce)裝置上分別按快(kuai)捷(jie)鍵區(qu)“Φ試驗(yan)點(dian)(dian)0.0L”、“Φ試驗(yan)點(dian)(dian)0.5L”、“試驗(yan)點(dian)(dian)1.0”、“Φ試驗(yan)點(dian)(dian)0.8C”、“Φ試驗(yan)點(dian)(dian)0.5C”、“Φ試驗(yan)點(dian)(dian)0.0C”,調(diao)節多功能電力儀(yi)表到功率因素(su)(su)顯示界面,記錄下數據。
3、校驗后
(1)對電(dian)源控制回路經行檢查(cha),由于(yu)實驗所(suo)斷(duan)開的(de)控制開關,拔(ba)掉的(de)熔絲(si),都(dou)要(yao)經行復歸。
(2)對于直(zhi)接(jie)加線到(dao)多功能電力(li)儀表上的(de)實驗(yan),實驗(yan)后要(yao)注意復歸(gui)過(guo)功能電力(li)儀表上的(de)原來所(suo)脫開的(de)導線,保證接(jie)線正確。
(3)對(dui)于端子排上(shang)電壓,電流(liu)回路進行檢(jian)查,由于實驗所(suo)拆(chai)的滑(hua)片,導(dao)線都要經行復(fu)歸。
二、多功能電力儀表校驗常見問題及處理方法
多功能電力(li)儀表校驗過(guo)程(cheng)中,可能會遇到一(yi)(yi)些問(wen)(wen)題,下面(mian)為(wei)大家介紹一(yi)(yi)下這些問(wen)(wen)題的處理方法:
1、為了檢測儀表回路,一(yi)般(ban)(ban)情況下先(xian)從(cong)端(duan)子(zi)排(pai)上進行實(shi)驗。因(yin)此(ci)要注意(yi)通過變壓器二次(ci)(ci)側(ce)向一(yi)次(ci)(ci)側(ce)反向送電(dian),必須先(xian)把相(xiang)對應(ying)的電(dian)壓二次(ci)(ci)側(ce)回路斷開。一(yi)般(ban)(ban)也要在端(duan)子(zi)排(pai)上把電(dian)流互感器二次(ci)(ci)測的回路滑(hua)片脫開。
2、進行電(dian)壓(ya)校驗時,注意(yi)電(dian)壓(ya)回路是否有電(dian)器元件導致所加的電(dian)壓(ya)分壓(ya),造成數據的誤差。
3、若端子排線(xian)路(lu)復雜,無法進行(xing)試驗,則(ze)可以直接把電(dian)壓,電(dian)流加(jia)在儀表上,應注意要脫開外電(dian)路(lu),所(suo)加(jia)電(dian)壓線(xian)的觸頭應該保持一定間隙,防(fang)止短(duan)路(lu)。
4、若(ruo)發現所測電(dian)壓(ya),電(dian)流數據有微小波動時,因先檢查是否(fou)所加頻(pin)率是50Hz,然(ran)后先把(ba)電(dian)壓(ya),電(dian)流加到滿量程,一般情況下可(ke)以(yi)消(xiao)除波動。
5、若發現所測的電壓,電流,有功(gong),無功(gong)的值(zhi)與(yu)標準值(zhi)有明顯(xian)差異時,因先檢(jian)查是否是回路問(wen)題,加錯線(xian)或者相(xiang)序弄等,然后在(zai)檢(jian)查是否是該表(biao)變比問(wen)題,與(yu)之前所記(ji)錄的電壓互(hu)感器(qi)、電流互(hu)感器(qi)變比,進(jin)行比較。若設(she)置(zhi)錯誤,則(ze)對多功(gong)能(neng)電力(li)儀表(biao)進(jin)行設(she)置(zhi),設(she)置(zhi)正確后,在(zai)進(jin)行校驗。
6、若發現所測(ce)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)表,功(gong)率表是(shi)顯示負數,則要檢查是(shi)否是(shi)所加(jia)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)極性錯誤(wu)。