影響電動車電池壽命的因素

影響電動車電池壽(shou)命(ming)的(de)因素可(ke)分成三個方(fang)面。首(shou)先(xian)是(shi)蓄電池本身的(de)性能和質量，其次是(shi)電動車中與之配合的(de)因素，第三是(shi)使用者的(de)使用情況我們將重點對第二個因素展開(kai)討論。

該圖片由注冊用戶"秋天的浮萍"提供，版權聲明反饋

在電動車系統中影響蓄電池使用壽命(ming)的(de)最主要(yao)因素有兩(liang)個：

一(yi)(yi)個是電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的效率(lv)狀態，其次是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的設計(ji)。如果電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)效率(lv)范圍較窄，一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)耗電(dian)(dian)水平增加，另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)，經(jing)常工作在低效率(lv)區，電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)內(nei)部容易發熱，當溫度過高時，磁性(xing)材料就會(hui)出現(xian)不(bu)可逆的退磁，久而久之，效率(lv)進一(yi)(yi)步下降，從(cong)而進入惡性(xing)循環，這輛電(dian)(dian)動車就會(hui)變成某種意義上的“電(dian)(dian)老(lao)虎”，即使更換了電(dian)(dian)池也會(hui)無濟于(yu)事。

另外導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機降(jiang)低效率的因素(su)還(huan)有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的過(guo)度磨損(sun)(sun)、平面換(huan)向(xiang)器的磨損(sun)(sun)，減(jian)速系(xi)統的磨損(sun)(sun)，等(deng)等(deng)，因此，顧(gu)客應(ying)選(xuan)擇一種性能較好的電(dian)(dian)(dian)機并注意(yi)與維(wei)修服務(wu)保持聯系(xi)、到期(qi)更換(huan)磨損(sun)(sun)零件，這樣(yang)有助于(yu)用好電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車走進千家萬戶時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車將逐漸(jian)被(bei)人們所(suo)了(le)解(jie)。通過(guo)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車的幾個主要(yao)技(ji)術參數的簡單介紹，希望能有助于(yu)增(zeng)加人們對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車的了(le)解(jie)。

如何延長電動車電池壽命呢

對(dui)于騎(qi)電動車的(de)上班(ban)族來(lai)(lai)說，最痛(tong)苦就是騎(qi)著騎(qi)著沒電了(le)，最最痛(tong)苦的(de)是什(shen)么，電池(chi)壞了(le)，要(yao)花大(da)把銀子來(lai)(lai)換。其實，電池(chi)怎么用比較省，大(da)家也清楚，現(xian)在我來(lai)(lai)告訴大(da)家，電池(chi)為什(shen)么會壽命短把。

一般來說，電動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流越(yue)(yue)大(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)越(yue)(yue)短(duan);放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)(shen)度越(yue)(yue)深(shen)(shen)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)也越(yue)(yue)短(duan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池可(ke)以應(ying)付(fu)短(duan)時(shi)間的(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，這時(shi)候(hou)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)(shen)度不深(shen)(shen)。小電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，即便放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)(shen)度稍微深(shen)(shen)一些，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)影(ying)響也不大(da)。最怕連續大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)且深(shen)(shen)度放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)的(de)時速(su)在(zai)35公里的(de)時候(hou)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)一般都(dou)在(zai)10A～17A，也就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)1C左右放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，所(suo)以(yi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)比較(jiao)大(da)。這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不(bu)僅僅容(rong)量要下降，而(er)且使(shi)(shi)(shi)用壽命都(dou)相(xiang)對比較(jiao)短電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)也相(xiang)對要深一些。如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)的(de)車(che)(che)速(su)最(zui)大(da)化，而(er)且剎車(che)(che)和啟動(dong)(dong)加速(su)頻繁，會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)消耗(hao)更大(da)。這(zhe)樣(yang)就(jiu)實際造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)實際使(shi)(shi)(shi)用壽命只有(you)短短的(de)3～6個(ge)月，也就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)最(zui)佳使(shi)(shi)(shi)用功率在(zai)6個(ge)月后呈下降趨(qu)勢，你(ni)也就(jiu)會發現，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)越來越慢了，越來越沒(mei)有(you)勁了。

再次，小編建議大(da)家在(zai)騎電動車時不要猛加速，不要猛剎車，這(zhe)和汽車的原理是一樣的。

電動車養護注意事項

1、勤充電

電動車鉛酸電(dian)池應保(bao)持(chi)隨用(yong)(yong)隨充(chong)(chong)電(dian)的習慣，不能等到電(dian)池用(yong)(yong)光(guang)再充(chong)(chong)，這樣(yang)會影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)池壽(shou)命。如長期(qi)不用(yong)(yong)，每月充(chong)(chong)一次電(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)請(qing)使用(yong)(yong)配套的專用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器。

2、多維護

如遇(yu)下雨積水(shui)，不能(neng)讓(rang)水(shui)淹(yan)沒輪轂中心(xin)；下車時(shi)及時(shi)關閉(bi)電(dian)門，平(ping)時(shi)將車胎充足氣；在上坡(po)、頂風等重負荷情況下，用(yong)腳踏助力；遇(yu)有故(gu)障(zhang)及時(shi)送廠家(jia)指定的特約維修(xiu)部維修(xiu)。

3、勤潤滑

根據(ju)使用(yong)情況(kuang)，應對前軸(zhou)、后軸(zhou)、中軸(zhou)、飛輪(lun)(lun)、前叉、避震器轉動(dong)支點等部件每半年(nian)至1年(nian)進行(xing)一次擦(ca)洗和潤滑(hua)（推(tui)薦使用(yong)二硫化鉬潤滑(hua)脂(zhi)）。電動(dong)輪(lun)(lun)轂內的(de)(de)傳動(dong)部件已涂上(shang)了特殊的(de)(de)潤滑(hua)油，用(yong)戶不必自行(xing)擦(ca)洗潤滑(hua)。