影響電動車電池壽命的因素

影響電動車電(dian)池(chi)壽命的(de)因(yin)素可分成(cheng)三個方(fang)面。首先是(shi)(shi)蓄電(dian)池(chi)本身的(de)性能(neng)和(he)質量，其(qi)次是(shi)(shi)電(dian)動車中與之配合的(de)因(yin)素，第(di)三是(shi)(shi)使用者的(de)使用情(qing)況我們將重點對第(di)二個因(yin)素展(zhan)開(kai)討論。

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在(zai)電(dian)動車(che)系統中影響蓄電(dian)池使(shi)用壽命的最(zui)主要因素有(you)兩個：

一(yi)個是(shi)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)狀態，其次是(shi)充電(dian)(dian)器的設計。如果(guo)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)范圍較窄(zhai)，一(yi)方面(mian)耗電(dian)(dian)水平增(zeng)加，另(ling)一(yi)方面(mian)，經常工作在低效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)區(qu)，電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)內部容(rong)易發熱，當溫度過高時(shi)，磁(ci)性材(cai)料就(jiu)會出現不可逆的退磁(ci)，久而(er)久之，效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)進(jin)一(yi)步下降，從而(er)進(jin)入惡性循(xun)環，這輛電(dian)(dian)動車就(jiu)會變(bian)成某種意義上的“電(dian)(dian)老虎”，即使更換(huan)了電(dian)(dian)池也會無濟于事。

另外導致電(dian)(dian)機降低效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素還(huan)有：電(dian)(dian)刷的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)度磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)、平面(mian)換向(xiang)器的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)，減速系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)，等等，因(yin)此，顧客應選擇一種(zhong)性能(neng)(neng)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)機并注(zhu)意與(yu)維修(xiu)服務保持聯系、到期更換磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)零件(jian)，這樣有助于(yu)用好電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)。當電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車(che)走(zou)進千家萬(wan)戶時，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車(che)將逐(zhu)漸被人(ren)們(men)所了(le)解(jie)。通過(guo)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)幾個主要(yao)技術參(can)數的(de)(de)(de)簡單介紹，希望能(neng)(neng)有助于(yu)增加人(ren)們(men)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自行(xing)(xing)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)了(le)解(jie)。

如何延長電動車電池壽命呢

對于騎電(dian)動車的上班族(zu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，最(zui)痛苦就是騎著騎著沒電(dian)了，最(zui)最(zui)痛苦的是什么，電(dian)池(chi)壞了，要花(hua)大把銀子來(lai)(lai)(lai)換。其實，電(dian)池(chi)怎么用比較省，大家(jia)也清楚，現(xian)在我來(lai)(lai)(lai)告訴大家(jia)，電(dian)池(chi)為什么會(hui)壽命(ming)短把。

一般來說，電動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)越(yue)大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽(shou)命越(yue)短(duan);放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)越(yue)深(shen)(shen)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽(shou)命也(ye)越(yue)短(duan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可以(yi)應付短(duan)時間的(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這時候放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)深(shen)(shen)。小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即便(bian)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)稍(shao)微深(shen)(shen)一些，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽(shou)命影響(xiang)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)大。最怕(pa)連續大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)且深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)的(de)時(shi)速在(zai)35公里的(de)時(shi)候放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流一般(ban)都在(zai)10A～17A，也就是在(zai)1C左右(you)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，所以(yi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流比較大。這樣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不僅(jin)僅(jin)容量要(yao)下降(jiang)，而且使用壽命(ming)都相對(dui)比較短(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)的(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)也相對(dui)要(yao)深一些。如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)的(de)車(che)(che)速最大化(hua)，而且剎車(che)(che)和啟動加速頻繁，會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)消耗更(geng)大。這樣就實際造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)實際使用壽命(ming)只有短(duan)短(duan)的(de)3～6個月(yue)，也就是說電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)最佳使用功率在(zai)6個月(yue)后呈下降(jiang)趨(qu)勢(shi)，你也就會發現，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)越(yue)來越(yue)慢了，越(yue)來越(yue)沒有勁了。

再次，小編建(jian)議大家在(zai)騎電動(dong)車(che)時不要(yao)(yao)猛加速，不要(yao)(yao)猛剎車(che)，這和汽車(che)的(de)原理是一樣(yang)的(de)。

電動車養護注意事項

1、勤充電

電動車鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池應(ying)保持隨(sui)用隨(sui)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的習慣，不(bu)(bu)能等(deng)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池用光再充，這(zhe)樣會影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命。如長期(qi)不(bu)(bu)用，每月(yue)充一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)請使(shi)用配套(tao)的專(zhuan)用充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。

2、多維護

如遇下雨積水(shui)，不能讓水(shui)淹(yan)沒輪轂(gu)中心；下車時(shi)及時(shi)關閉電門，平時(shi)將(jiang)車胎(tai)充(chong)足氣；在上坡、頂風等重負(fu)荷情況下，用腳(jiao)踏(ta)助(zhu)力；遇有故障及時(shi)送(song)廠家指定的特(te)約維(wei)修(xiu)部維(wei)修(xiu)。

3、勤潤滑

根(gen)據使用(yong)情況，應對前軸(zhou)、后軸(zhou)、中軸(zhou)、飛輪、前叉、避震器轉(zhuan)動(dong)支點等部件每半年至1年進(jin)行一次擦(ca)洗(xi)和潤滑(hua)(hua)（推薦使用(yong)二硫化鉬潤滑(hua)(hua)脂）。電動(dong)輪轂內的傳動(dong)部件已涂(tu)上了特殊的潤滑(hua)(hua)油(you)，用(yong)戶不必自行擦(ca)洗(xi)潤滑(hua)(hua)。