一、節電器的節電原理

采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)主知識產(chan)權(quan)技術、電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)補償原理、電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)子控制技術、有源濾波(bo)技術和先進的(de)自(zi)動智能控制技術，自(zi)動調整節(jie)電(dian)(dian)檔(dang)位，優化供電(dian)(dian)參(can)數(shu)，保證良好的(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)品質(zhi)，有效(xiao)地(di)(di)過(guo)濾大小不同的(de)瞬(shun)變浪涌、減少(shao)(shao)抑制諧波(bo)、雜(za)波(bo)，相對地(di)(di)平衡供電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓，降低線路損(sun)耗，提(ti)高負載的(de)有效(xiao)功(gong)率，減少(shao)(shao)過(guo)剩(sheng)有功(gong)功(gong)率的(de)多余(yu)損(sun)耗，從(cong)而達(da)到(dao)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)目的(de)。

該產(chan)品適用(yong)(yong)于單(dan)相(xiang)及(ji)三相(xiang)線路的(de)(de)(de)安裝，在確保用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)工作狀態下節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率一般(ban)為10%-30%，最(zui)大(da)限度(du)地減少用(yong)(yong)戶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費支出，還(huan)能(neng)保護用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備、延(yan)長使用(yong)(yong)壽命達1.5倍以上(shang)，大(da)大(da)減少了用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)維修和(he)更(geng)換費用(yong)(yong)。它自(zi)身(shen)還(huan)具有空載(zai)幾乎不耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、過載(zai)保護及(ji)報(bao)警(jing)、短路保護等功能(neng)。一方面是(shi)進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機本體結(jie)構設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進(jin)和(he)新(xin)材料的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)，對老電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機進(jin)行更(geng)新(xin)改(gai)造；另一方面是(shi)改(gai)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機運(yun)行的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)部環境。相(xiang)控節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術采(cai)用(yong)(yong)改(gai)善電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機外(wai)部運(yun)行環境實現動態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量管(guan)理(li)，是(shi)與(yu)變頻器(qi)互補的(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機兩大(da)主流節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術之一。

相控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)采用(yong)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路芯(xin)片(pian)控制(zhi)技(ji)術，由(you)微處理(li)器(qi)(qi)芯(xin)片(pian)（CPU）、可控硅、集成式雙置晶閘管等國外(wai)進口(kou)元件(jian)組(zu)成。其核(he)心技(ji)術是動態(tai)跟蹤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)負(fu)載量的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)，調整電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)運行過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流（百分(fen)之一(yi)秒內(nei)完(wan)成動作(zuo)），保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出轉矩與實際負(fu)荷需求精確匹(pi)配，不(bu)改變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)轉速，不(bu)影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常運行，并且能(neng)(neng)(neng)有效(xiao)(xiao)避免(mian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)因出力(li)過度造成的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)浪費，具有很好的(de)(de)(de)動態(tai)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制(zhi)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)，能(neng)(neng)(neng)有效(xiao)(xiao)地(di)降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)功率損耗，改善電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)啟動、停機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，延長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命。STM系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)一(yi)對一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)安裝在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)前端，節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率可達(da)10-30%。

該圖片由注冊用戶"秋天的浮萍"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、節電器分類有哪些

1、電機節電器

其核心技術是動(dong)態跟蹤(zong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機負(fu)載量(liang)的(de)變化，調整(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機運行過程(cheng)中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(0.01秒(miao)內(nei)完成動(dong)作)，在(zai)不改變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機轉速(su)的(de)情況下，保(bao)證(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)輸(shu)出轉矩與實際負(fu)荷需求(qiu)精確匹配(pei)。不僅能(neng)保(bao)障電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)正(zheng)常運行，而且能(neng)有(you)效避免電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機因出力(li)過度造成的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)浪(lang)費，具有(you)很好的(de)動(dong)態節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效果。

2、照明節電器

在電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)應部門的(de)電(dian)(dian)能輸送過(guo)程中，為避免(mian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)損(sun)耗和用(yong)電(dian)(dian)高(gao)峰時造成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)低，一般都采用(yong)提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)輸送，因此用(yong)戶實際(ji)上承受的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)往(wang)往(wang)會高(gao)于設備的(de)額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，這些超額的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不僅(jin)不能讓負載更有效率的(de)運作，反而導致電(dian)(dian)能過(guo)量浪(lang)費，增加設備損(sun)壞率，增大成(cheng)本費用(yong)等負面影響。

照(zhao)明智能節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器是以電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應方式將供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統的(de)輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)予(yu)以優化，采用AC-AC直接變換技術調整電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，輸(shu)給(gei)燈光負載的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)*適宜值，達到既節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)又保證(zheng)照(zhao)明標準要求(qiu)的(de)雙重目的(de)。根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工基本(ben)原(yuan)理P=U2/R，設(she)燈具上施加的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)U，燈光的(de)阻抗設(she)為(wei)定值電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R，那么它在原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)U0下(xia)消耗(hao)的(de)功率(lv)為(wei)P0，適當降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)至U1后(hou)，這(zhe)時消耗(hao)的(de)功率(lv)P1將隨(sui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)平方關系(xi)下(xia)降(jiang)。其有功節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)表示為(wei)：ε%=1-(U1/U0)2×100%。

3、空調節電器

隨著(zhu)空調(diao)(diao)及其他(ta)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)廣泛使(shi)用(yong)和(he)普及，在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)耗(hao)也(ye)在(zai)(zai)逐(zhu)年增加，怎樣才能使(shi)電(dian)耗(hao)既科學又(you)合理地降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)下(xia)(xia)來，即保證空間環境(jing)達(da)到舒(shu)適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度或設(she)定的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)溫(wen)度，又(you)能最大(da)限(xian)度地節(jie)(jie)省電(dian)能，減(jian)少(shao)電(dian)費支出(chu)，這(zhe)是該裝置所要(yao)實現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。根(gen)據制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)專業人員的(de)(de)(de)實驗(yan)和(he)測試(shi)，空調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)在(zai)(zai)70%～75%的(de)(de)(de)負荷下(xia)(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)最佳(jia)，其制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)也(ye)最高(gao)。空調(diao)(diao)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)過(guo)(guo)程中，當室內溫(wen)度還沒有達(da)到設(she)定的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)點時(shi)，壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)會(hui)長時(shi)間工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，當達(da)到溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)點后壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)又(you)會(hui)頻繁(fan)開、停，因此(ci)，空調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)長時(shi)間工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)和(he)頻繁(fan)啟(qi)動(dong)會(hui)導(dao)致制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)和(he)電(dian)能的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)余(yu)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)。該裝置是一種能夠克服空調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)長時(shi)間工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)和(he)頻繁(fan)啟(qi)動(dong)所造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)低(di)下(xia)(xia)和(he)多(duo)余(yu)電(dian)能浪費的(de)(de)(de)節(jie)(jie)電(dian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器。當室內溫(wen)度達(da)到舒(shu)適(shi)溫(wen)度后，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)時(shi)控(kong)(kong)信號自動(dong)進入節(jie)(jie)電(dian)運行狀態，一方(fang)面充(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)利用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)余(yu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)，并可使(shi)整(zheng)個系統充(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻，提(ti)高(gao)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)，另一方(fang)面減(jian)少(shao)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)頻繁(fan)啟(qi)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)次數，使(shi)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)得到充(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)休息，延長壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命，同時(shi)有效(xiao)(xiao)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)沖擊(ji)電(dian)流所造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)余(yu)電(dian)能損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)，從而達(da)到即省電(dian)又(you)可延長空調(diao)(diao)設(she)備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。通(tong)過(guo)(guo)現(xian)場測試(shi)節(jie)(jie)電(dian)率(lv)可達(da)15%～30%，壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命可提(ti)高(gao)1.5倍(bei)以上。

4、箱式節電器

就熒(ying)光(guang)燈(deng)管(guan)而(er)言，僅在啟(qi)動(dong)時需要足夠(gou)的(de)(de)額定電(dian)壓激發(fa)熒(ying)光(guang)物質，使(shi)燈(deng)管(guan)發(fa)光(guang)。在預置(zhi)時間內，智能系統(tong)感應到燈(deng)管(guan)的(de)(de)功率已完全揮(hui)放后，即(ji)(ji)自動(dong)調整(zheng)負載電(dian)壓，燈(deng)管(guan)便(bian)可轉入(ru)節電(dian)模式工(gong)作，節電(dian)器同時進(jin)入(ru)自動(dong)在線(xian)(xian)檢(jian)測狀態。根據大量實驗統(tong)計結果表明，電(dian)源電(dian)壓每降(jiang)低10%時，常用的(de)(de)電(dian)光(guang)源，如熒(ying)光(guang)燈(deng)照(zhao)度只降(jiang)低7%左右，而(er)人眼對(dui)光(guang)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)感覺(jue)則是對(dui)數關系：即(ji)(ji)當(dang)光(guang)線(xian)(xian)照(zhao)度減小10%時，人的(de)(de)視覺(jue)感覺(jue)亮(liang)度只減小1%，因此少許減少燈(deng)光(guang)輸入(ru)功率所產生的(de)(de)照(zhao)度微弱變化人眼幾乎感覺(jue)不到，但在延長燈(deng)具壽命(ming)和減少維護成本上都具有積(ji)極意(yi)義。

路(lu)燈節電(dian)器工作(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)理：集電(dian)磁技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、智能化控制技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、數據控制技(ji)術(shu)(shu)于一(yi)體，在可(ke)控和平緩的(de)(de)方(fang)式下智能調(diao)節，使(shi)輸出電(dian)壓穩(wen)定(ding)在設(she)定(ding)的(de)(de)額定(ding)值范圍之間，實(shi)現公共照明系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)流與亮度(du)需求的(de)(de)理想結(jie)合，達到(dao)節電(dian)和優化供(gong)電(dian)目(mu)的(de)(de)，節電(dian)率可(ke)高(gao)達40%，對用電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)保護(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)用可(ke)使(shi)其壽(shou)命延長(chang)3-4倍。

節電器的(de)(de)使用(yong)，不(bu)僅(jin)可以節省了(le)(le)電能(neng)又可大(da)幅降低設備(bei)運營成(cheng)本，可以說是用(yong)電大(da)戶的(de)(de)福利。一般(ban)在公司使用(yong)節電器，可以節約20~45%的(de)(de)用(yong)電量，大(da)大(da)減(jian)少了(le)(le)用(yong)電浪費(fei)，也節約了(le)(le)經濟成(cheng)本。