【萬(wan)能(neng)表(biao)】萬(wan)能(neng)表(biao)的(de)使(shi)用方法 電工用的(de)萬(wan)能(neng)表(biao)的(de)使用方法

一、指針表和數字表的選用：

1、指針表讀取精度較差，但指針擺動的過程比較直觀，其擺動速度幅度有時也能比較客觀地反映了被測量的大小（比如測電視機數據總線（SDL）在傳送數據時的輕微抖動）；數字表讀數直觀，但數字變化的過程看起來很雜亂，不太容易觀看。

2、指針表內一般有兩塊電池，一塊低電壓的1.5V，一塊是高電壓的9V或15V，其黑表筆相對紅表筆來說是正端。數字表則常用一塊6V或9V的電池。在電阻檔(dang)，指針表的表筆輸出電流相(xiang)對(dui)數字表來說要大很多(duo)，用R×1Ω檔(dang)可(ke)以使揚聲器發出響亮的“噠”聲，用R×10kΩ檔(dang)甚至可(ke)以點(dian)亮發光二(er)極管（LED）。

3、在(zai)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)檔(dang)，指針表內阻(zu)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表來說比較小，測量(liang)精度(du)相(xiang)比較差(cha)。某(mou)些(xie)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)微電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)場(chang)合甚至無法測準，因為其內阻(zu)會(hui)對(dui)(dui)被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路造成(cheng)影(ying)響(xiang)（比如(ru)在(zai)測電(dian)(dian)視機(ji)顯(xian)像(xiang)管的(de)加(jia)速級電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時測量(liang)值會(hui)比實際值低很多）。數(shu)字(zi)(zi)表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)檔(dang)的(de)內阻(zu)很大，至少在(zai)兆歐級，對(dui)(dui)被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路影(ying)響(xiang)很小。但極高(gao)的(de)輸出阻(zu)抗使(shi)其易(yi)受感應電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，在(zai)一(yi)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)磁干擾(rao)比較強(qiang)的(de)場(chang)合測出的(de)數(shu)據可(ke)能(neng)是虛的(de)。

4、總之，在(zai)相對來說大(da)電(dian)(dian)流高電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)模擬電(dian)(dian)路(lu)測(ce)量中適用指針表，比如電(dian)(dian)視機、音響功放。在(zai)低(di)電(dian)(dian)壓小電(dian)(dian)流的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)測(ce)量中適用數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)表，比如BP機、手機等。不是絕對的(de)，可根據情況選(xuan)用指針表和數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)表。

二、測量技巧（如不作說明，則指用的是指針表）：

1、測喇叭、耳機、動圈式話筒：用R×1Ω檔，任一表(biao)(biao)筆(bi)接一端，另一表(biao)(biao)筆(bi)點觸另一端，正常時會發出清脆響量(liang)的“噠”聲。如果不響，則是(shi)線圈斷了，如果響聲小而尖，則是(shi)有擦圈問(wen)題，也不能用。

2、測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)：用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻檔(dang)，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)選擇適當的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)程，并注意(yi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)時對(dui)(dui)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)黑表筆要接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)正極。①、估測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)微(wei)(wei)波法級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)：可(ke)(ke)(ke)憑經驗(yan)或(huo)(huo)參(can)照(zhao)(zhao)相同(tong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)標準(zhun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，根據指針(zhen)擺(bai)(bai)動(dong)的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)幅(fu)度來判定。所(suo)參(can)照(zhao)(zhao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)不必耐壓值(zhi)也一(yi)樣(yang)，只(zhi)(zhi)要容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)相同(tong)即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)，例如估測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)一(yi)個100μF/250V的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)個100μF/25V的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)來參(can)照(zhao)(zhao)，只(zhi)(zhi)要它們指針(zhen)擺(bai)(bai)動(dong)最(zui)大(da)幅(fu)度一(yi)樣(yang)，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)斷定容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)一(yi)樣(yang)。②、估測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)皮法級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)大(da)小(xiao)：要用(yong)(yong)R×10kΩ檔(dang)，但只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)到1000pF以(yi)上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。對(dui)(dui)1000pF或(huo)(huo)稍(shao)大(da)一(yi)點的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，只(zhi)(zhi)要表針(zhen)稍(shao)有擺(bai)(bai)動(dong)，即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)認為容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)夠了。③、測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)是否(fou)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)：對(dui)(dui)一(yi)千微(wei)(wei)法以(yi)上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)先用(yong)(yong)R×10Ω檔(dang)將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，并初步估測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)，然后改(gai)到R×1kΩ檔(dang)繼(ji)續(xu)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)一(yi)會兒(er)，這(zhe)時指針(zhen)不應回返(fan)，而應停在或(huo)(huo)十分接近(jin)∞處(chu)，否(fou)則就是有漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。對(dui)(dui)一(yi)些(xie)幾十微(wei)(wei)法以(yi)下的(de)(de)定時或(huo)(huo)振(zhen)蕩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)（比如彩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)振(zhen)蕩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)），對(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性要求非常高，只(zhi)(zhi)要稍(shao)有漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就不能(neng)(neng)用(yong)(yong)，這(zhe)時可(ke)(ke)(ke)在R×1kΩ檔(dang)充完電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后再改(gai)用(yong)(yong)R×10kΩ檔(dang)繼(ji)續(xu)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)，同(tong)樣(yang)表針(zhen)應停在∞處(chu)而不應回返(fan)。

3、在(zai)(zai)路(lu)測(ce)二(er)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)、三極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)、穩壓(ya)管(guan)(guan)好壞(huai)：因(yin)為在(zai)(zai)實際電(dian)路(lu)中，三極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)的偏(pian)置電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)或(huo)二(er)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)、穩壓(ya)管(guan)(guan)的周邊電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)一般都比較(jiao)大(da)，大(da)都在(zai)(zai)幾(ji)百幾(ji)千歐姆以(yi)上(shang)，這(zhe)樣，我們就可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用萬用表(biao)的R×10Ω或(huo)R×1Ω檔(dang)(dang)來(lai)(lai)在(zai)(zai)路(lu)測(ce)量(liang)PN結(jie)(jie)的好壞(huai)。在(zai)(zai)路(lu)測(ce)量(liang)時，用R×10Ω檔(dang)(dang)測(ce)PN結(jie)(jie)應(ying)有(you)較(jiao)明(ming)顯的正(zheng)(zheng)反(fan)向特性(xing)（如果正(zheng)(zheng)反(fan)向電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)相差(cha)不(bu)(bu)太明(ming)顯，可(ke)(ke)改用R×1Ω檔(dang)(dang)來(lai)(lai)測(ce)），一般正(zheng)(zheng)向電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)在(zai)(zai)R×10Ω檔(dang)(dang)測(ce)時表(biao)針應(ying)指示在(zai)(zai)200Ω左(zuo)右，在(zai)(zai)R×1Ω檔(dang)(dang)測(ce)時表(biao)針應(ying)指示在(zai)(zai)30Ω左(zuo)右（根(gen)據不(bu)(bu)同表(biao)型可(ke)(ke)能略有(you)出(chu)入(ru)）。如果測(ce)量(liang)結(jie)(jie)果正(zheng)(zheng)向阻(zu)(zu)值太大(da)或(huo)反(fan)向阻(zu)(zu)值太小，都說明(ming)這(zhe)個PN結(jie)(jie)有(you)問題，這(zhe)個管(guan)(guan)子也就有(you)問題了(le)(le)。這(zhe)種方法對于維(wei)修時特別有(you)效(xiao)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)非常快速地(di)找出(chu)壞(huai)管(guan)(guan)，甚至可(ke)(ke)以(yi)測(ce)出(chu)尚未完全壞(huai)掉但特性(xing)變壞(huai)的管(guan)(guan)子。比如當你用小阻(zu)(zu)值檔(dang)(dang)測(ce)量(liang)某個PN結(jie)(jie)正(zheng)(zheng)向電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)過大(da)，如果你把(ba)它焊下來(lai)(lai)用常用的R×1kΩ檔(dang)(dang)再(zai)測(ce)，可(ke)(ke)能還(huan)是正(zheng)(zheng)常的，其實這(zhe)個管(guan)(guan)子的特性(xing)已經變壞(huai)了(le)(le)，不(bu)(bu)能正(zheng)(zheng)常工作(zuo)或(huo)不(bu)(bu)穩定了(le)(le)。

4、測(ce)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)：重(zhong)要的是要選好量(liang)程(cheng)，當指(zhi)針指(zhi)示(shi)于1/3～2/3滿(man)量(liang)程(cheng)時測(ce)量(liang)精度(du)最高，讀數最準(zhun)確。要注意的是，在用R×10k電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)檔測(ce)兆(zhao)歐級的大阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)時，不可將手指(zhi)捏(nie)在電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)兩端(duan)，這(zhe)樣人體(ti)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)會使測(ce)量(liang)結果偏小。

5、測(ce)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)二極(ji)管(guan)(guan)：我們通常所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般都大(da)(da)于(yu)1.5V，而(er)(er)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)R×1k以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)檔(dang)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1.5V電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)R×1k以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)檔(dang)測(ce)量(liang)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)就(jiu)如(ru)同測(ce)二極(ji)管(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，具(ju)有完(wan)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單向導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性。但(dan)(dan)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)R×10k檔(dang)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)9V或15V電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)R×10k測(ce)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)小于(yu)9V或15V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)時(shi)，反(fan)向阻(zu)值(zhi)就(jiu)不(bu)會是∞，而(er)(er)是有一(yi)(yi)(yi)定阻(zu)值(zhi)，但(dan)(dan)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)阻(zu)值(zhi)還是要(yao)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)高于(yu)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正向阻(zu)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。如(ru)此，我們就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)初步估測(ce)出穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞。但(dan)(dan)是，好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)還要(yao)有個(ge)準確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)，業余(yu)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)怎么估測(ce)出這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)呢？不(bu)難，再(zai)去找(zhao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)來就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)了。方(fang)法(fa)是：先將一(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)置(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)R×10k檔(dang)，其黑、紅表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)筆(bi)分(fen)別接(jie)(jie)在(zai)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陰(yin)極(ji)和陽(yang)極(ji)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)就(jiu)模擬出穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際工(gong)作(zuo)狀態，再(zai)取另一(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)置(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檔(dang)V×10V或V×50V（根據穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)）上(shang)，將紅、黑表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)筆(bi)分(fen)別搭接(jie)(jie)到(dao)剛才那塊(kuai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黑、紅表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)筆(bi)上(shang)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)測(ce)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)就(jiu)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)上(shang)是這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)。說(shuo)“基(ji)本(ben)(ben)上(shang)”，是因為第一(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)對(dui)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)(pian)置(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流相(xiang)對(dui)正常使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)(pian)置(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流稍小些，所(suo)以(yi)測(ce)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)會稍偏(pian)(pian)大(da)(da)一(yi)(yi)(yi)點，但(dan)(dan)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)相(xiang)差不(bu)大(da)(da)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)方(fang)法(fa)只(zhi)可(ke)估測(ce)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)小于(yu)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)。如(ru)果穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)太高，就(jiu)只(zhi)能用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai)加電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)來測(ce)量(liang)了（這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)看(kan)來，我們在(zai)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)指(zhi)針(zhen)(zhen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)時(shi)，選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為15V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)比(bi)9V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更適用(yong)(yong)(yong)些）。

6、測(ce)(ce)三(san)極管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：通(tong)常我們要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)R×1kΩ檔(dang)，不(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)NPN管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)還是(shi)(shi)PNP管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，不(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)小功(gong)率、中(zhong)功(gong)率、大功(gong)率管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，測(ce)(ce)其(qi)be結(jie)cb結(jie)都(dou)應呈現與二極管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)完全相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)導(dao)電(dian)性(xing)，反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)無(wu)窮(qiong)大，其(qi)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)大約(yue)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)10K左右。為進一(yi)(yi)步估測(ce)(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)特(te)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞(huai)，必要(yao)時(shi)還應變換電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)檔(dang)位進行多(duo)次測(ce)(ce)量，方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)：置R×10Ω檔(dang)測(ce)(ce)PN結(jie)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)導(dao)通(tong)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)都(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大約(yue)200Ω左右；置R×1Ω檔(dang)測(ce)(ce)PN結(jie)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)導(dao)通(tong)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)都(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大約(yue)30Ω左右，（以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)為47型表(biao)測(ce)(ce)得數據(ju)，其(qi)它型號表(biao)大概略有(you)不(bu)同(tong)，可(ke)(ke)多(duo)試(shi)測(ce)(ce)幾個好管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)總結(jie)一(yi)(yi)下(xia)，做(zuo)到心中(zhong)有(you)數）如(ru)果讀數偏大太(tai)多(duo)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)斷定(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)性(xing)不(bu)好。還可(ke)(ke)將表(biao)置于(yu)R×10kΩ再(zai)測(ce)(ce)，耐壓再(zai)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)（基本上(shang)(shang)(shang)三(san)極管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐壓都(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30V以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)），其(qi)cb結(jie)反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)也應在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)∞，但其(qi)be結(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)會有(you)些(xie)，表(biao)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)會稍有(you)偏轉(zhuan)（一(yi)(yi)般(ban)不(bu)會超過滿量程的(de)(de)(de)(de)1/3，根(gen)據(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐壓不(bu)同(tong)而(er)不(bu)同(tong)）。同(tong)樣，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)R×10kΩ檔(dang)測(ce)(ce)ec間(對(dui)NPN管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)）或(huo)ce間（對(dui)PNP管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)時(shi)，表(biao)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)略有(you)偏轉(zhuan)，但這不(bu)表(biao)示管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)是(shi)(shi)壞(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)R×1kΩ以(yi)下(xia)檔(dang)測(ce)(ce)ce或(huo)ec間電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)時(shi)，表(biao)頭指示應為無(wu)窮(qiong)大，否(fou)則管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)就是(shi)(shi)有(you)問題。應該說明一(yi)(yi)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)測(ce)(ce)量是(shi)(shi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)硅管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)而(er)言的(de)(de)(de)(de)，對(dui)鍺(zang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。不(bu)過現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鍺(zang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)也很少見了。另外(wai)，所說的(de)(de)(de)(de)“反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”是(shi)(shi)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)PN結(jie)而(er)言，對(dui)NPN管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和PNP管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)實際上(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。