一、光衰減器有什么作用
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)子學中(zhong)廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)一種器(qi)(qi)件(jian),它的(de)(de)(de)主要作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)就(jiu)是(shi)對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功(gong)率進行衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian),能(neng)夠有效地調節入射光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du),起到控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)亮度(du)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),在(zai)許多光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學系(xi)統和通信(xin)(xin)系(xi)統中(zhong),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)是(shi)必不可少的(de)(de)(de)。一般來(lai)(lai)說,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)主要用(yong)(yong)于調節光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du),使其(qi)達到所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)(wei)或者匹配其(qi)他器(qi)(qi)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)點(dian)。在(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通信(xin)(xin)系(xi)統中(zhong),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)可以(yi)用(yong)(yong)來(lai)(lai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du),以(yi)便在(zai)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)輸距離和不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統要求下保持光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)在(zai)適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率范圍(wei)(wei)內。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)(qi)也(ye)可以(yi)用(yong)(yong)于建立(li)動態的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian),以(yi)模擬現實(shi)環境中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)情況,從而測試和驗證光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)魯棒性(xing)和性(xing)能(neng)。
二、光衰減器原理是什么
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)器是能(neng)降低光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信號(hao)能(neng)量的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器件(jian),用(yong)(yong)于對輸入光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率(lv)的(de)(de)調整(zheng),從而達(da)到(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)路(lu)上(shang)所需(xu)要的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率(lv),它的(de)(de)工(gong)作原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)主要有三種:1、位移(yi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):利用(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)衰(shuai)減(jian)量隨其對中(zhong)精度而變(bian)化的(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li),在對接光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)時,使(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)之間發生一(yi)(yi)定(ding)位移(yi),從而達(da)到(dao)衰(shuai)減(jian)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)量的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。2、衰(shuai)減(jian)片(pian)(pian)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):直接將(jiang)具(ju)有吸收(shou)特(te)性的(de)(de)衰(shuai)減(jian)片(pian)(pian)固定(ding)在光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)路(lu)中(zhong),衰(shuai)減(jian)片(pian)(pian)采用(yong)(yong)吸收(shou)型玻璃(li)片(pian)(pian)或在玻璃(li)基片(pian)(pian)上(shang)鍍(du)(du)吸收(shou)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)方法來制作,在玻璃(li)基片(pian)(pian)上(shang)蒸鍍(du)(du)透射系數(shu)(或反射系數(shu)變(bian)化很小的(de)(de)金屬膜(mo)(mo)(mo),使(shi)通(tong)過鍍(du)(du)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)玻璃(li)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率(lv)被膜(mo)(mo)(mo)層(ceng)材料吸收(shou)一(yi)(yi)部分(fen),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)強(qiang)度受到(dao)衰(shuai)減(jian)。3、智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)控原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)路(lu)控制微(wei)型電(dian)(dian)機(ji),帶動齒條,使(shi)濾光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)平移(yi),再將(jiang)數(shu)據編碼(ma)盤檢(jian)測到(dao)的(de)(de)實際衰(shuai)減(jian)量信號(hao)反饋到(dao)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)進(jin)行修(xiu)正,從而達(da)到(dao)自(zi)動驅動、自(zi)動檢(jian)測和顯示光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)量的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
三、光衰減器的使用方法
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用方(fang)法(fa)相對簡單,一(yi)般來說(shuo),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節其內(nei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)元件(jian)(jian)來實現對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)強度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節的(de)(de)(de),以(yi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)可變光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)為例,其使用方(fang)法(fa)步驟是(shi):1、連接(jie)(jie):將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)與其他光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)組件(jian)(jian)連接(jie)(jie),如光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)、耦合器(qi)等,確保(bao)連接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和(he)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)損耗的(de)(de)(de)最小化。2、設置基準:在使用光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)之前,通(tong)常(chang)需要先進行(xing)基準設置,即確定(ding)初(chu)始(shi)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)程度(du)(du),可以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)控(kong)制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)旋轉或(huo)移(yi)動部(bu)件(jian)(jian)來調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)初(chu)始(shi)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)值。3、調(diao)(diao)(diao)節:根據實際需求,通(tong)過(guo)(guo)輕微(wei)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節旋轉或(huo)移(yi)動光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)部(bu)部(bu)件(jian)(jian),逐(zhu)漸調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)強度(du)(du),可以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率計(ji)等測(ce)量設備來實時監測(ce)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)強度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)變化,并(bing)進行(xing)相應的(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)。
四、光衰減器有哪些類型
1、按衰減功率分:(1)固定光衰減器:固定光衰減器的衰減功率固定(如1dB、5dB、10dB等),一個-3dB的光衰減器的衰減功率為3dB。這種光衰減器一般用于電信網絡、光纖測試設備、局域網(LAN)和有線電視(CATV)系統。固定光衰減器又可以分為在線式和連接器式。(2)可調光衰減器:可調光衰減器的衰減功率不是一成不變的,而是隨著條件的變化而變化,其變化跨度有0.5dB、20dB、50dB等,有的甚至達到0.1dB和0.01dB的精度。可調光衰減器一般用于光纖的精確測試和測量,同時也在摻鉺光纖放大器的場合廣泛使用,其作用是均衡不同通道內的光信號功率。2、按接口類型分:(1)SC光衰減器:應用于SC光纖接口,與RJ-45接口類似,但是SC接口更扁,里面的觸片是一根銅柱。(2)LC光衰減器:應用于LC光纖接口,可用于連接SFP模塊,采用模塊化插孔(RJ)閂鎖機理,操作方便,常用于路由器。(3)FC光衰減器:應用于FC光纖接口,外套采用金屬套包裹,緊固方式為螺絲扣。一般在ODF側采用,多用于配線架。(4)ST光衰減器:應用于ST光纖接口,外殼為圓形,采用螺絲扣緊固,常用于光纖配線架。3、按工作原理分:主要分為位移型光衰減器、衰減片型光衰減器和智能型光衰減器三種。光衰減器的類型眾多,一般要根據應用的需要選擇合適類型的,不管哪種類型的光衰減器,都要注意選一個靠譜的品牌,如果您不太了解,可以先來看看光衰減器十大品牌。