目前我國(guo)已(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)世界(jie)(jie)最(zui)大的鞋(xie)類生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)出口(kou)國(guo),國(guo)內鞋(xie)類產(chan)(chan)業正在以15%的速度持(chi)續(xu)發展(zhan),中國(guo)鞋(xie)類總(zong)(zong)產(chan)(chan)量已(yi)占世界(jie)(jie)總(zong)(zong)產(chan)(chan)量的66%,成(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)球最(zui)具競爭(zheng)力的鞋(xie)類生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)出口(kou)貿易中心(xin)之一。
在中國的鞋類市場中,女鞋是增長最快,最具市場占有率的品類。目前的女鞋市 場已經發生了翻天覆地的變化,女鞋已經成為鞋類市場的重要部分,尤其是隨著女性 經濟能力的提升以及對時尚需求的多變性,女性對鞋子的要求不斷加大,中國市場上 女鞋品牌也不斷增多,達(da)芙妮、他她女鞋 、天意美(mei)等品(pin)牌成為市場的主流(liu)代表。
然而,從各個鞋業上市公司2016年及2017上半年的財報情況來看,百麗國(guo)際在(zai)2018/19財(cai)政年(nian)(nian)(nian)報中宣告(gao)集團(tuan)上市(shi)(shi)10年(nian)(nian)(nian)來首次連續利潤下滑,并在(zai)2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)上半年(nian)(nian)(nian)以57億(yi)美元賤價賣盤,市(shi)(shi)值較最高峰(feng)時縮水2/3。達芙妮(ni)2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)報顯示集團(tuan)全年(nian)(nian)(nian)巨虧8.191億(yi)港元,是上年(nian)(nian)(nian)同期凈虧損的(de)2.16倍。其他鞋業上市(shi)(shi)公司(si)情況也都不容樂觀,這是行(xing)業整體問題還是企業發展進程(cheng)中無突破(po)性能力(li)建設和壁壘(lei)構建導致(zhi)的(de)必然結(jie)果(guo)?
女鞋行業電商發展現狀
近年(nian)來,由(you)于線上電商(shang)高速(su)發展、新興(xing)品牌侵占國內市場以及消費趨勢改變等原因,中國女鞋行(xing)業(ye)(ye)受(shou)到巨大沖擊(ji),曾經風光無限的傳統行(xing)業(ye)(ye)巨頭面臨著門(men)店業(ye)(ye)績急速(su)下(xia)滑、關店潮等打(da)擊(ji)。
據不(bu)完全(quan)(quan)統計,全(quan)(quan)國有(you)200多個知名女鞋品牌(pai)活躍在(zai)各大電商平臺。在(zai)傳(chuan)統營(ying)銷(xiao)模式下(xia)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)被幾大巨(ju)(ju)頭(tou)(tou)壟(long)斷,然而在(zai)電商市(shi)(shi)場(chang)他們找到生存發展空間。9doo、AMlola、Artka、阿(a)瑯(lang)士、阿(a)么、艾(ai)芙伊迪、艾(ai)格新姿(zi)、艾(ai)可(ke)茜尼(ni)、艾(ai)美其等等,都是其中佼佼者(zhe)。這也可(ke)以解(jie)釋了(le),為什(shen)么行(xing)業在(zai)處于增長情況,各大巨(ju)(ju)頭(tou)(tou)反(fan)而營(ying)收下(xia)降,虧損的(de)(de)原(yuan)因。新進入(ru)者(zhe)不(bu)光侵吞了(le)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)增量,還(huan)蠶食(shi)了(le)巨(ju)(ju)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)份(fen)額。
女鞋消費者購買行為發生轉變
隨著消費升級(ji)、城鎮化進程及(ji)(ji)互聯網的(de)全面(mian)普(pu)及(ji)(ji),消費者(zhe)(zhe)由(you)原先一雙鞋多(duo)用轉化為按(an)活動場景選擇合適的(de)鞋子(zi)來搭配服裝;同時(shi)還會通過電商網站、社交媒體及(ji)(ji)時(shi)尚論壇等獲取女鞋潮(chao)流(liu)和最優購買(mai)渠道(dao)信息,多(duo)樣(yang)的(de)信息及(ji)(ji)豐富的(de)物(wu)質(zhi)推動了消費者(zhe)(zhe)隨機購買(mai)行為幾率的(de)提高。因此,需要(yao)廣泛的(de)全渠道(dao)覆蓋、良(liang)好的(de)頁面(mian)內容展示/門(men)店陳列以及(ji)(ji)優質(zhi)的(de)產品品質(zhi)來吸引更多(duo)的(de)消費者(zhe)(zhe)。
從(cong)女(nv)鞋(xie)銷售渠道(dao)看,街(jie)店百(bai)貨仍是主(zhu)渠道(dao),電商增(zeng)長(chang)最快。未(wei)來五年內,一線市場女(nv)鞋(xie)消費將呈(cheng)現電商、購物(wu)中心、百(bai)貨三足鼎立態勢。電商持續快速增(zeng)長(chang),未(wei)來總體占比(bi)將超20%。經濟發達的東南(nan)沿海地區(qu)在互聯網趨勢下成(cheng)為線上(shang)銷售主(zhu)力軍(jun),中西部地區(qu)在移(yi)動(dong)互聯的推(tui)動(dong)下有機會迎來快速發展。
雖然女鞋(xie)行業受宏觀經(jing)濟影(ying)響(xiang)而出現增速略微放緩,但預(yu)計女鞋(xie)整體市場(chang)將(jiang)持續增長(chang)。2015年(nian),整體市場(chang)規模達到1790億(yi)元,預(yu)期(qi)2015-2020年(nian)增速約5.7%,2020年(nian)的女鞋(xie)市場(chang)規模將(jiang)超過2300億(yi)元。
隨著人民生活水平的提(ti)(ti)高(gao)、健康意識(shi)增(zeng)強推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)用品需求量提(ti)(ti)升,消(xiao)費(fei)者運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)日趨專業(ye)化帶來(lai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝備的升級(ji)需求將帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)類(lei)女鞋加速增(zeng)長。而在消(xiao)費(fei)升級(ji)與(yu)低(di)價時尚穿搭品的共同作用下,非運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)女鞋的增(zeng)速將放緩。
未來中國女(nv)鞋業(ye)的發展(zhan)必(bi)然要從(cong)(cong)低端市場走向中高端市場,要從(cong)(cong)數量(liang)(liang)型(xing)向品(pin)質(zhi)型(xing)和效益型(xing)轉變,產業(ye)升(sheng)級換代(dai)是必(bi)走之路,因而,從(cong)(cong)數量(liang)(liang)上看,中國女(nv)鞋的生產量(liang)(liang)和出口量(liang)(liang)或(huo)許今后將有所下降,但品(pin)質(zhi)將得到提升(sheng),產品(pin)價格和出口總值(zhi)將會不斷增長。
而中國制鞋業發展目標應是產業的國際化,和市場的全球化。制鞋企業應加(jia)強品(pin)牌意識(shi),實(shi)施“品(pin)牌國(guo)際(ji)化戰略”,提升產品(pin)品(pin)牌附加(jia)值。同時,企業加(jia)大質(zhi)量、設計等方面的(de)科(ke)研投入,提高(gao)產品(pin)的(de)利潤率水平。以長袖善舞的(de)優勢占(zhan)領(ling)國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場(chang)空間,實(shi)現(xian)制鞋業的(de)可(ke)持(chi)續發展。
25.48%(478家) |
|
4.69%(88家) |
|
11.41%(214家) |
|
2.08%(39家) |
|
0.32%(6家) |
|
0.48%(9家) |
|
32.78%(615家) |
|
19.51%(366家) |
|
8.37%(157家) |
|
0.91%(17家) |
|
0.21%(4家) |
|
0.53%(10家) |
2021年網(wang)(wang)(wang)站數據庫共收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1876家(jia)(jia)(jia),其(qi)中小品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占總比最多(duo),達到(dao)615家(jia)(jia)(jia),其(qi)次為(wei)(wei)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)旗(qi)艦店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)478家(jia)(jia)(jia),品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)特(te)許(xu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)366家(jia)(jia)(jia),京東旗(qi)艦店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)214家(jia)(jia)(jia),京東特(te)許(xu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)157家(jia)(jia)(jia),京東自營(ying)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)88家(jia)(jia)(jia),拼多(duo)多(duo)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋪收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)39家(jia)(jia)(jia),唯品(pin)會店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋪收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)17家(jia)(jia)(jia),企業店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋪收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)10家(jia)(jia)(jia),蘇寧(ning)旗(qi)艦店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)9家(jia)(jia)(jia),蘇寧(ning)自營(ying)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)6家(jia)(jia)(jia),品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)商城收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)4家(jia)(jia)(jia)。
有業(ye)內人士表示,國(guo)內經濟(ji)低(di)迷是導致女鞋企(qi)業(ye)業(ye)績(ji)、利潤受影響(xiang)的(de)最主要原(yuan)(yuan)因。但更(geng)深(shen)層(ceng)的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)因在于(yu),國(guo)內女鞋品(pin)牌“內功(gong)”不足,對市(shi)場的(de)反應和創新意識都有所欠缺,無法滿(man)足消費升級(ji)下的(de)國(guo)內市(shi)場需求。近年冒出來的(de)國(guo)外女鞋品(pin)牌以及國(guo)內原(yuan)(yuan)創設(she)計品(pin)牌,則憑借個性化(hua)的(de)設(she)計、追求細(xi)節(jie)的(de)做工等,占領了一(yi)定的(de)市(shi)場份額。