智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)卡(ka)(Smart Card) :內(nei)嵌(qian)有微(wei)芯(xin)片(pian)的塑料卡(ka)(通(tong)(tong)常是一張(zhang)信用卡(ka)的大小)的通(tong)(tong)稱。一些智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)卡(ka)包(bao)含一個微(wei)電子芯(xin)片(pian),智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)卡(ka)需要通(tong)(tong)過讀(du)寫器進行數(shu)(shu)據(ju)交互。智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)卡(ka)配備有CPU、RAM和I/O,可自(zi)行處理數(shu)(shu)量(liang)較(jiao)多的數(shu)(shu)據(ju)而不(bu)會干(gan)擾到(dao)主機CPU的工作(zuo)。智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)卡(ka)還(huan)可過濾錯誤的數(shu)(shu)據(ju),以減(jian)輕(qing)主機CPU的負擔。適應于端(duan)口數(shu)(shu)目較(jiao)多且通(tong)(tong)信速(su)度需求(qiu)較(jiao)快(kuai)的場(chang)合(he)。 卡(ka)內(nei)的集成電路包(bao)括中央處理器CPU、可編程只讀(du)存(cun)儲(chu)器EEPROM、隨機存(cun)儲(chu)器RAM和固(gu)化(hua)在只讀(du)存(cun)儲(chu)器ROM中的卡(ka)內(nei)操作(zuo)系(xi)統COS(Chip Operating System)。卡(ka)中數(shu)(shu)據(ju)分為(wei)外部讀(du)取和內(nei)部處理部分。