太(tai)公祠是一組中國(guo)傳統的(de)中軸對稱、殿堂(tang)廟宇建(jian)筑(zhu), 大門(men)的(de)門(men)楣懸有(you)中國(guo)宗教學會會長趙樸初老先生(sheng)題(ti)寫的(de)“姜太(tai)公祠”四個大字,大門(men)兩側(ce)供(gong)(gong)奉(feng)有(you)高大威武(wu)的(de)青龍(long)、白(bai)虎兩星君。主殿內正中供(gong)(gong)奉(feng)著姜太(tai)公彩繪圣像、兩側(ce)供(gong)(gong)奉(feng)有(you)齊國(guo)的(de)第二代國(guo)君齊丁(ding)公和第十六代國(guo)君齊桓公的(de)圣像。殿壁上的(de)壁畫,表現了(le)姜太(tai)公的(de)生(sheng)平(ping)事跡,主要內容有(you):姜氏(shi)封呂、貧困生(sheng)涯、棄(qi)官避紂、著書立說、渭水垂約、孟津會盟(meng)、牧野大戰、封齊就國(guo)、與萊爭丘、嚴罰不訓(xun)、周王授權、傳子歸周。
西(xi)五(wu)賢殿(dian),供奉承有(you)齊國的(de)五(wu)位出名(ming)政(zheng)治家、軍事家,有(you)管(guan)仲、孫武(wu)、孫臏、司(si)馬穰苴、田(tian)單;東五(wu)祖(zu)殿(dian)、供奉道教的(de)五(wu)位先(xian)祖(zu),有(you)東華(hua)帝君、純陽(yang)祖(zu)師呂洞賓、張天(tian)師、王重陽(yang)、邱長春(chun)祖(zu)師,東院樓(lou)下供奉有(you)碧霞(xia)元(yuan)君、送子(zi)爺(ye)爺(ye)、送子(zi)奶奶,西(xi)院樓(lou)下供奉有(you)觀世音菩(pu)薩、財神、藥王神。南院內新建成盆(pen)景(jing)院,有(you)盆(pen)景(jing)近300盆(pen)、達(da)五(wu)十余個(ge)品種。
祠內(nei)分為(wei)六個院(yuan)落,亭臺樓閣、曲折(zhe)回廊。晨鐘、暮(mu)鼓、庭院(yuan)深深、鼓馨聲聲、香(xiang)霧飄裊。園(yuan)內(nei)全(quan)部鋪滿草皮、各(ge)種松(song)柏樹木、名貴花(hua)木等,以“古、奇、稚(zhi)”和(he)“色、香(xiang)、姿”見著。
姜太公祠位于臨淄永流鎮張家莊太公衣冠冢北側。太公呂尚,字子牙,號(hao)太公(gong)望,東海人(ren),呂姓姜(jiang)氏,世(shi)稱(cheng)姜(jiang)太公(gong),公(gong)元前11世(shi)紀(ji)封于(yu)(yu)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),為(wei)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國第一(yi)代國君。他在任期間,“通商(shang)工之業,便漁鹽之利(li),人(ren)民多(duo)歸齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)大國。”卒葬于(yu)(yu)周(zhou),齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)思其德(de),葬衣冠(guan)于(yu)(yu)此。表達了(le)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)地人(ren)民對姜(jiang)太公(gong)這位(wei)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國的(de)(de)開創者(zhe)、齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文化奠基(ji)人(ren)的(de)(de)懷念和敬仰。墓(mu)前石坊(fang)橫眉上的(de)(de)“周(zhou)師齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)祖(zu)”更是(shi)高度(du)概括了(le)姜(jiang)太公(gong)一(yi)生的(de)(de)豐(feng)功(gong)偉業。衣冠(guan)冢(zhong)墓(mu)高28米,南北(bei)長(chang)50米,東西寬(kuan)55米。
1993年,臨淄區在太公衣冠冢北側建姜太公祠,建筑面積98平方米,主殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)名人(ren)書畫展廳,歇山式(shi)掛(gua)廊配殿(dian)(dian)(dian),各三楹。主殿(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)奉著姜太公(gong)彩繪圣像(xiang),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)壁有反映(ying)姜太公(gong)貧(pin)困生涯、避(bi)紂去(qu)商(shang)、習武著書、牧野大戰、封齊就國、破菜爭丘、太公(gong)治齊、懲治不訓、周王授權、傳子歸(gui)國等到不平凡一(yi)生的壁畫。主殿(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)奉著姜太公(gong)、丁公(gong)呂伋及第十二代孫小白,即“春秋五霸”之首齊相公(gong)塑(su)像(xiang)。西配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內供(gong)奉著田(tian)單、田(tian)穰(rang)苴(ju)、管仲、孫武、孫臏的塑(su)像(xiang)。
東殿為五祖殿,里邊供奉著道教的五位先祖。一位是東華帝君姓王玄甫,傳聞他得太上老君之道,隱居昆侖山,掌管三界,是道教五祖中的第一祖。再一位張道陵,也就是張天(tian)師(shi),江蘇豐縣人(ren),漢順帝時,在(zai)四川的鶴鳴山創立了五斗(dou)米道(dao),道(dao)徒們把(ba)他尊為(wei)“天(tian)師(shi)”,到(dao)了唐宋時期(qi)改稱為(wei)“正(zheng)一道(dao)”。還有(you)就是(shi)(shi)全(quan)真(zhen)道(dao)的創始人(ren)王(wang)重(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)(yang),陜西(xi)咸(xian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren),48歲時遇到(dao)呂(lv)洞賓,飲以神水(shui),授以真(zhen)決,遂入終南(nan)山修(xiu)(xiu)煉(lian)9年,王(wang)重(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)順應時代思潮,提倡(chang)三(san)教合一,主張“全(quan)神煉(lian)氣,出家修(xiu)(xiu)真(zhen)”,出家人(ren)不得(de)殺生、不得(de)吃肉飲酒、不妻不娶(qu)。此外(wai)還有(you)八(ba)仙(xian)之一的呂(lv)洞賓,姓呂(lv)名(ming)巖(yan),字洞賓,號純陽(yang)(yang)(yang)子,山西(xi)永(yong)濟縣人(ren),在(zai)廬山得(de)道(dao)于漢中(zhong)離而成(cheng)仙(xian)。最后(hou)一位是(shi)(shi)丘處(chu)機真(zhen)人(ren),姓丘名(ming)處(chu)機,號長(chang)春(chun)子,山東登州棲霞人(ren)。19歲隨王(wang)重(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)學道(dao),王(wang)重(zhong)(zhong)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)死后(hou),隱居修(xiu)(xiu)道(dao),苦(ku)修(xiu)(xiu)二十年,功成(cheng)道(dao)備(bei),名(ming)聞于世。
姜(jiang)太(tai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠東(dong)側是(shi)(shi)丘(qiu)穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠,丘(qiu)穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠是(shi)(shi)1995年丘(qiu)穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)一百代孫,臺灣丘(qiu)氏宗(zong)親會(hui)邱正吉先生(sheng)捐資修建的。姜(jiang)太(tai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)封于營丘(qiu),支孫以(yi)地為(wei)氏,丘(qiu)穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)太(tai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)三子,太(tai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)封齊建國(guo)(guo)而令(ling)穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)領鎮營丘(qiu),其族人(ren)遂以(yi)丘(qiu)為(wei)氏,穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)則是(shi)(shi)丘(qiu)氏始祖。穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠采用了中國(guo)(guo)傳統建筑的中軸對稱(cheng)序列(lie),殿(dian)堂(tang)廟宇(yu)廟宇(yu)布局,整(zheng)個建筑顯得古香(xiang)古色。在穆(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠東(dong)配(pei)殿(dian)內陳列(lie)著姜(jiang)姓源(yuan)流考和姜(jiang)氏宗(zong)譜(pu)。
1999年,崇尚姜太公(gong)(gong)的衛輝人(ren)士李(li)尚卿先(xian)生(sheng)出資塑1.8米高的姜太公(gong)(gong)坐(zuo)式銅像一(yi)尊(zun),于1999年農歷八月(yue)初(chu)三落成(cheng)揭幕。
姜太公祠位于前太公泉東側,今四中院內。始建于東漢永建年間(jian)(jian),以(yi)后又經多次復修(xiu)。據史(shi)書載(zai):當時(shi)那里古柏蒼郁、石(shi)碑(bei)林立(li)、大(da)殿(dian)五間(jian)(jian)、進深(shen)三間(jian)(jian)、門(men)額書“姜氏宗祠”四個餾金大(da)字,殿(dian)內供(gong)俸著從姜太(tai)公(gong)(gong)始(shi)至一(yi)百代有官職及名士后裔(yi)子孫。因多年失修(xiu)損(sun)壞,只存(cun)一(yi)間(jian)(jian)山門(men)。1993年以(yi)姜太(tai)公(gong)(gong)衣(yi)冠冢為依托重(zhong)建姜太(tai)公(gong)(gong)祠,總占地面積30000平方米。1999年,政府重(zhong)視,百姓集(ji)資,又在原廟東側(ce)重(zhong)修(xiu)姜太(tai)公(gong)(gong)祠大(da)殿(dian)三間(jian)(jian)。
姜太公名尚,字子牙,太公是他的(de)尊稱(cheng)。姜太公是齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)的(de)開國(guo)(guo)元(yuan)勛。《史(shi)紀(ji)·齊(qi)太公世家(jia)(jia)》記載(zai)“太公至國(guo)(guo)修政, 因其俗(su),簡其禮,通商(shang)工之(zhi)業,便漁(yu)鹽之(zhi)利,而人民多歸齊(qi),齊(qi)為(wei)大國(guo)(guo)。”姜太公是中國(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)上出名的(de)大軍事(shi)家(jia)(jia)、政治家(jia)(jia)、思想家(jia)(jia),著有《六韜》《陰符令(ling)錄》《金(jin)匱》等(deng)出名兵(bing)書、被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)中國(guo)(guo)兵(bing)學之(zhi)鼻祖(zu)。唐(tang)代被(bei)尊封(feng)為(wei)“武成王”、“武圣”。