景區內(nei)山、泉、洞(dong)(dong)、谷渾然天成,奇山、秀泉、妙洞(dong)(dong)、幽谷,加之(zhi)壯觀(guan)的高(gao)山草原(yuan)風(feng)光,與人文(wen)景觀(guan)“中華第一古(gu)軍校”巧妙結合,形成云(yun)(yun)夢(meng)山景區的獨(du)特魅力。云(yun)(yun)夢(meng)山向社會開放(fang)后(hou),先后(hou)建立了電瓶車(che)、高(gao)空吊橋、“三十六計”文(wen)化(hua)(hua)步道等(deng)游覽設施;每年(nian)舉(ju)辦(ban)云(yun)(yun)夢(meng)草原(yuan)風(feng)情(qing)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)節(jie),吸引了大(da)(da)量游客;1994年(nian)、2001年(nian)先后(hou)舉(ju)辦(ban)了兩屆(jie)全(quan)(quan)國鬼(gui)谷子文(wen)化(hua)(hua)研(yan)討會,并成立了中國鬼(gui)谷子文(wen)化(hua)(hua)研(yan)究會,成為全(quan)(quan)國鬼(gui)谷子文(wen)化(hua)(hua)研(yan)究基(ji)地。主要景觀(guan)有紀念(nian)性(xing)建筑鬼(gui)谷祠、鬼(gui)谷墟、舍(she)身臺、映(ying)瑞(rui)門、水簾洞(dong)(dong)、仙(xian)牛洞(dong)(dong)、孫臏洞(dong)(dong)、龐涓洞(dong)(dong)、毛遂洞(dong)(dong)、王(wang)老圣母洞(dong)(dong)、千(qian)佛洞(dong)(dong)、九龍(long)柏、太陽洞(dong)(dong)、月亮洞(dong)(dong)、古(gu)佛洞(dong)(dong)、觀(guan)音洞(dong)(dong)、老母洞(dong)(dong)、青(qing)龍(long)泉、仙(xian)泉、鬼(gui)谷井、映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)、五里井、一線飛瀑、清溪、五里鬼(gui)谷、百獸壁、天書(shu)崖(ya)、魔壁、演兵(bing)嶺、八卦陣(zhen)、蟠(pan)龍(long)陣(zhen)、劍秀峰、青(qing)龍(long)背(bei)、云(yun)(yun)夢(meng)大(da)(da)草原(yuan)等(deng)100余處。有全(quan)(quan)國字數較多(duo)規(gui)模較大(da)(da)的摩崖(ya)題記“鬼(gui)谷子”兵(bing)書(shu)。
云夢(meng)山(shan)自古以來就是游(you)覽勝地(di)(di)。歷代文(wen)(wen)(wen)人。墨士沓至,留下不少詩章(zhang)、摩崖(ya)題記和碑刻。戰(zhan)國(guo)時期的鬼(gui)谷(gu)子,唐代甄(zhen)濟,明代水木氏曾在此隱居多年;抗日(ri)戰(zhan)爭和解放(fang)戰(zhan)爭時期,中共地(di)(di)下黨組織和解放(fang)軍戰(zhan)士也曾在這里留下足(zu)跡(ji),故聞名遐邇。云夢(meng)山(shan)自然景觀(guan)(guan)優美(mei),文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)跡(ji)豐厚(hou)。云夢(meng)山(shan)風景名勝區,自然景觀(guan)(guan)優美(mei),文(wen)(wen)(wen)化內涵豐厚(hou)。既有(you)紂王墓、摘心臺、三(san)仁祠(ci)、仙人梯、衛國(guo)古城墻、鬼(gui)谷(gu)洞、孫臏(bin)洞、舍身崖(ya)、軍壇、將壇等殷商文(wen)(wen)(wen)化和戰(zhan)國(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)跡(ji),又有(you)靈山(shan)寺(si)、朝陽寺(si)、青巖(yan)絕(jue)石窟、清涼庵、玉(yu)帝殿、三(san)清殿等道教(jiao)佛教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化古寺(si)院,是集旅游(you)觀(guan)(guan)光、學術(shu)研究、尋(xun)根朝拜、傳統教(jiao)育為一(yi)體的旅游(you)好(hao)去處。
到云(yun)夢(meng)山(shan),首(shou)先映入(ru)眼簾(lian)的(de)就是(shi)南天(tian)門(men)(men)。南天(tian)門(men)(men)在(zai)云(yun)夢(meng)盆地(di)埡口的(de)南山(shan)峭壁下(xia),就山(shan)崖的(de)鐘(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)而建,上下(xia)兩層,由四根(gen)柱石(shi)構成(cheng)(cheng),形(xing)似(si)大門(men)(men)。上層是(shi)鐘(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)自然形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)一(yi)尊白(bai)衣觀(guan)音(yin)。整(zheng)個門(men)(men)洞全由石(shi)料構成(cheng)(cheng)。故有這樣的(de)歇(xie)后語(yu):南天(tian)門(men)(men)的(de)過木(mu)——干板(ban)硬(ying)正。南天(tian)門(men)(men)東(dong)側,就石(shi)鐘(zhong)乳(ru)雕成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)一(yi)條巨龍,翹首(shou)張(zhang)目(mu),望看(kan)觀(guan)音(yin),似(si)乎在(zai)聽觀(guan)音(yin)的(de)吩咐,時刻(ke)準(zhun)備(bei)把吉(ji)祥(xiang)降到人間(jian)。
映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)(chi)(chi),原名三溪(xi)池(chi)(chi)(chi),為(wei)(wei)云(yun)夢山水(shui)(shui)簾、青龍、龍背(bei)三溪(xi)匯流處,在云(yun)夢山狹(xia)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)東(dong)段埡口,鬼谷(gu)(gu)(gu)先生當年常攜弟子來此習武(wu),歷代墨士騷客進水(shui)(shui)簾洞(dong)游覽都(dou)過此,有(you)迎霞聚瑞(rui)之涵,故易名映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)(chi)(chi),池(chi)(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)清澈,碧波蕩漾(yang),朝映(ying)霞輝,暮銜(xian)星月,水(shui)(shui)色天(tian)光,魚兒嬉戲(xi),美不(bu)勝收,池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)有(you)一井,名曰:“鬼谷(gu)(gu)(gu)井”,為(wei)(wei)緬懷鬼谷(gu)(gu)(gu)而(er)名每(mei)年夏秋,池(chi)(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)從壩頂溢出,形成飛瀑,蔚(yu)為(wei)(wei)壯(zhuang)觀。映(ying)瑞(rui)門臨映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)(chi)(chi),因池(chi)(chi)(chi)得名。映(ying)瑞(rui)門為(wei)(wei)城堡式建(jian)(jian)筑,正門為(wei)(wei)石砌圓拱形,拱上(shang)平臺,建(jian)(jian)有(you)正背(bei)歇山重檐回廊(lang)小樓,雕飾彩繪,小巧玲瓏,登(deng)上(shang)斯樓,眺望水(shui)(shui)簾億鬼谷(gu)(gu)(gu),送夕陽迎素月,乃游者(zhe)之快事。
水(shui)(shui)(shui)簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),在(zai)云夢盆(pen)地南(nan)山(shan)陰半(ban)山(shan)崖,系鬼谷(gu)先生(sheng)隱居(ju)之所(suo),又是(shi)聚徒講學之地。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)高10米,寬6米,進深(shen)80余米,是(shi)一(yi)天然洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)頂奇形怪狀的(de)鐘(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)比比皆是(shi),如珠似(si)玉的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)珠順(shun)著鐘(zhong)乳(ru)滴(di)落石(shi)上,如墜(zhui)玉盤(pan),叮咚(dong)有聲,猶如古人撫琴開箏。串串水(shui)(shui)(shui)珠恰似(si)一(yi)幅珠簾(lian)懸于洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口。故名水(shui)(shui)(shui)簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。“碧水(shui)(shui)(shui)為簾(lian)山(shan)頭掛,紅桃似(si)錦洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口開”,就是(shi)這里景色的(de)寫照。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)之深(shen)處有一(yi)泉潭,水(shui)(shui)(shui)晶瑩甘冽,夏秋之季,泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)溢出洞(dong)(dong)(dong)外,形成(cheng)一(yi)道飛瀑、直瀉映瑞(rui)池,群眾為之洗洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。
洗塵(chen)洞(dong)即孫(sun)臏洞(dong)在水簾洞(dong)右側,依(yi)山(shan)鑿就,開鑿于明代,面闊三間,洞(dong)口兩側矗(chu)立石(shi)雕(diao)旗桿兩根,洞(dong)內(nei)(nei)石(shi)楹(ying)二(er)排六柱(zhu),每根上刻有楹(ying)聯和(he)(he)人物故事(shi),圖像(xiang)清晰,造型生(sheng)動,構圖嚴謹,刻工(gong)不遜。洞(dong)門以石(shi)雕(diao)成,雖(sui)然不大倒(dao)也古樸,內(nei)(nei)奉(feng)孫(sun)臏坐像(xiang),嚴肅莊(zhuang)重。孫(sun)臏,戰國軍(jun)事(shi)家,齊(qi)國阿(今山(shan)東陽谷(gu)人),孫(sun)武子之孫(sun),與龐涓(juan)同在云夢山(shan)拜(bai)鬼谷(gu)子為(wei)師,學習(xi)兵法。曾為(wei)齊(qi)威王軍(jun)師,大敗魏軍(jun)于馬陵(ling)。著(zhu)有《孫(sun)臏兵法》 。洞(dong)門楹(ying)聯道出(chu)了孫(sun)臏一生(sheng)的功業(ye)和(he)(he)氣質,“道講刑名勛垂(chui)勃海,胸羅兵甲氣鎮風云”。
倒(dao)(dao)坐觀音(yin)殿,是一(yi)座(zuo)回(hui)(hui)(hui)廊(lang)式卷棚(peng)歇山飛檐建筑(zhu),內奉(feng)一(yi)尊石雕南(nan)(nan)海大(da)士(shi),面壁而(er)坐。這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)石刻(ke)選像(xiang)在(zai)中國還屬罕見。令(ling)人(ren)沉思回(hui)(hui)(hui)味的(de)倒(dao)(dao)是殿門(men)的(de)楹聯(lian):“問(wen)觀音(yin)為何倒(dao)(dao)坐,因世人(ren)不肯(ken)回(hui)(hui)(hui)頭。”寓意深刻(ke),鞭韃了那些口是心非(fei)、表里不一(yi)的(de)偽君子。觀音(yin)為何倒(dao)(dao)坐?相傳,龐涓在(zai)馬陵道被孫臏(bin)打敗之后,匆忙趕回(hui)(hui)(hui)云夢山,求(qiu)鬼(gui)谷(gu)先生再(zai)授藝于他(ta),鬼(gui)谷(gu)不予理(li)采,并(bing)將其(qi)趕回(hui)(hui)(hui)云夢北山。他(ta)便求(qiu)助南(nan)(nan)海大(da)士(shi)從(cong)中通融,說服(fu)鬼(gui)谷(gu)再(zai)收他(ta)為徒。南(nan)(nan)海大(da)士(shi)一(yi)見是他(ta),立刻(ke)把身轉了過去,說:“好一(yi)個(ge)不知廉恥(chi)的(de)東(dong)西,你(ni)好話(hua)說盡壞(huai)事(shi)做絕,還有何臉(lian)面見我?趕快(kuai)回(hui)(hui)(hui)洞中去吧!”從(cong)此(ci)這(zhe)(zhe)觀音(yin)再(zai)也(ye)沒(mei)有扭過臉(lian)來。
水簾洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)正下(xia)方,是一天然洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴,約20平(ping)(ping)方米(mi),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)頂全由鐘乳構成,狀如(ru)云朵,千姿百態。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)前(qian)有(you)抱殿(dian)三楹,卷棚歇山式建筑,小巧玲瓏(long),雕梁畫(hua)棟,外有(you)石(shi)欄,站在這里可以俯(fu)視北(bei)山廟區。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內奉毛(mao)(mao)遂(sui)塑(su)像一尊。毛(mao)(mao)遂(sui)戰國(guo)(guo)人,勇(yong)武(wu)有(you)膽略,善言辯。中國(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)上有(you)名的外交家,趙(zhao)(zhao)國(guo)(guo)平(ping)(ping)原君門下(xia)食客(ke),趙(zhao)(zhao)孝成王(wang)九年(公元(yuan)前(qian)275年)秦國(guo)(guo)圍邯鄲(dan),平(ping)(ping)原君到楚求救,他自(zi)薦同往。平(ping)(ping)原君和楚王(wang)談判,楚王(wang)不(bu)答應(ying)救趙(zhao)(zhao),平(ping)(ping)原君爭(zheng)得沒法,此時(shi),毛(mao)(mao)遂(sui)挺劍而(er)上陳說利害,說服楚王(wang)同意(yi)發兵救趙(zhao)(zhao)。從而(er)顯(xian)示了他的才能。“毛(mao)(mao)遂(sui)自(zi)薦”成語即由此而(er)得。毛(mao)(mao)遂(sui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與(yu)北(bei)山龐(pang)涓洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),遙(yao)遙(yao)相(xiang)對(dui),相(xiang)傳鬼谷(gu)先生派(pai)其在這里監視龐(pang)涓的行蹤(zong)。
龐(pang)涓洞(dong)在云夢北(bei)山(shan)半腰,高(gao)約1.5米(mi),寬(kuan)2米(mi),進深(shen)3米(mi)。龐(pang)涓,戰(zhan)國時魏國大將(jiang),與孫臏同師鬼谷學兵法(fa)。此人(ren)嫉賢(xian)妒能,編造罪狀對孫臏施(shi)以臏刑。公(gong)元前344年齊以臏為軍師,攻魏求韓,龐(pang)回師迎戰(zhan),在馬陵道(dao)中孫臏計,全(quan)軍被殲,龐(pang)涓自殺。因龐(pang)涓為人(ren)奸詐,詭計多(duo)端,鬼谷先(xian)生將(jiang)其趕到這荒僻的山(shan)洞(dong),并在洞(dong)前建一鎮(zhen)妖塔,不許亂動。
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