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基本介紹

景(jing)區內(nei)山(shan)、泉(quan)、洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)渾然天成(cheng)(cheng)，奇山(shan)、秀泉(quan)、妙洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、幽(you)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，加之壯觀(guan)的高(gao)(gao)山(shan)草(cao)(cao)原風光(guang)，與人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)觀(guan)“中華(hua)第一古軍(jun)校”巧妙結合，形成(cheng)(cheng)云(yun)夢山(shan)景(jing)區的獨特魅力。云(yun)夢山(shan)向社(she)會開放(fang)后(hou)，先后(hou)建立了電瓶(ping)車、高(gao)(gao)空吊橋、“三(san)十(shi)六(liu)計”文(wen)化(hua)步(bu)道等游覽設施；每年(nian)(nian)舉辦(ban)云(yun)夢草(cao)(cao)原風情(qing)文(wen)化(hua)節，吸引了大(da)量游客(ke)；1994年(nian)(nian)、2001年(nian)(nian)先后(hou)舉辦(ban)了兩屆全(quan)國鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子文(wen)化(hua)研(yan)討會，并成(cheng)(cheng)立了中國鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子文(wen)化(hua)研(yan)究會，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)國鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子文(wen)化(hua)研(yan)究基地(di)。主要景(jing)觀(guan)有(you)紀念性建筑鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)祠、鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)墟、舍身(shen)臺、映瑞門、水簾洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、仙牛洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、孫(sun)臏洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、龐(pang)涓洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、毛遂(sui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、王老圣母(mu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、千佛洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、九(jiu)龍(long)(long)柏、太陽(yang)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、月亮洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、古佛洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、觀(guan)音洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、老母(mu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、青龍(long)(long)泉(quan)、仙泉(quan)、鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)井、映瑞池、五(wu)里井、一線飛瀑、清溪(xi)、五(wu)里鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、百(bai)獸壁(bi)、天書崖(ya)(ya)、魔壁(bi)、演兵嶺、八卦陣、蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)陣、劍(jian)秀峰(feng)、青龍(long)(long)背、云(yun)夢大(da)草(cao)(cao)原等100余處。有(you)全(quan)國字數較多規模較大(da)的摩崖(ya)(ya)題(ti)記“鬼(gui)(gui)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)子”兵書。

云夢(meng)山(shan)自(zi)古以來就是(shi)游(you)覽勝地。歷(li)代文(wen)人。墨士沓至，留下不少(shao)詩(shi)章(zhang)、摩(mo)崖題記和(he)碑(bei)刻。戰國時期(qi)的鬼(gui)谷子(zi)，唐代甄濟，明代水木(mu)氏(shi)曾在此隱居多年；抗(kang)日戰爭和(he)解放戰爭時期(qi)，中共地下黨組織(zhi)和(he)解放軍戰士也曾在這里(li)留下足跡，故聞(wen)名(ming)(ming)遐邇。云夢(meng)山(shan)自(zi)然(ran)景觀(guan)(guan)優(you)(you)美，文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺跡豐厚。云夢(meng)山(shan)風景名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)，自(zi)然(ran)景觀(guan)(guan)優(you)(you)美，文(wen)化(hua)(hua)內涵豐厚。既有(you)紂王墓、摘(zhai)心臺、三(san)仁祠、仙人梯、衛(wei)國古城墻、鬼(gui)谷洞(dong)、孫臏洞(dong)、舍身崖、軍壇、將壇等(deng)殷商文(wen)化(hua)(hua)和(he)戰國文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺跡，又有(you)靈山(shan)寺、朝陽寺、青巖絕石窟、清(qing)涼(liang)庵(an)、玉(yu)帝殿、三(san)清(qing)殿等(deng)道教(jiao)(jiao)佛教(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)古寺院(yuan)，是(shi)集(ji)旅游(you)觀(guan)(guan)光、學術研究、尋(xun)根朝拜、傳(chuan)統教(jiao)(jiao)育為(wei)一體(ti)的旅游(you)好(hao)去處。

景點景觀

南天門

到云夢(meng)(meng)山(shan)，首先(xian)映(ying)入眼簾的就(jiu)是(shi)南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門。南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門在云夢(meng)(meng)盆(pen)地埡(wu)口的南(nan)(nan)山(shan)峭壁(bi)下，就(jiu)山(shan)崖的鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)而建，上下兩層，由(you)四根(gen)柱石(shi)構成，形似大門。上層是(shi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)自然形成的一(yi)尊白(bai)衣觀(guan)音(yin)。整個門洞全由(you)石(shi)料構成。故有這樣的歇后語(yu)：南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門的過木(mu)——干板硬正。南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門東側，就(jiu)石(shi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)雕成的一(yi)條巨(ju)龍，翹首張目，望看觀(guan)音(yin)，似乎在聽觀(guan)音(yin)的吩(fen)咐，時(shi)刻準備把(ba)吉祥降(jiang)到人間(jian)。

映瑞池

映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，原(yuan)名(ming)三溪(xi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，為(wei)云(yun)夢山(shan)水(shui)(shui)簾、青龍(long)、龍(long)背三溪(xi)匯(hui)流處，在云(yun)夢山(shan)狹谷(gu)東段埡口，鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)谷(gu)先(xian)生當年常攜弟子(zi)來此習武，歷代墨士(shi)騷客進水(shui)(shui)簾洞游(you)(you)覽都過此，有(you)迎(ying)霞聚瑞(rui)之涵，故易名(ming)映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，池(chi)(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)清(qing)澈，碧波蕩漾，朝映(ying)霞輝(hui)，暮銜(xian)星(xing)月(yue)(yue)，水(shui)(shui)色天光，魚兒嬉(xi)戲，美不勝收，池(chi)(chi)(chi)中有(you)一(yi)井，名(ming)曰：“鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)谷(gu)井”，為(wei)緬懷鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)谷(gu)而名(ming)每年夏秋，池(chi)(chi)(chi)水(shui)(shui)從壩(ba)頂溢出，形(xing)成飛(fei)瀑，蔚為(wei)壯觀。映(ying)瑞(rui)門臨映(ying)瑞(rui)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，因池(chi)(chi)(chi)得(de)名(ming)。映(ying)瑞(rui)門為(wei)城堡式建(jian)筑(zhu)，正(zheng)門為(wei)石砌圓拱形(xing)，拱上平臺，建(jian)有(you)正(zheng)背歇山(shan)重檐回廊小樓，雕飾彩繪，小巧玲瓏，登上斯樓，眺望水(shui)(shui)簾億鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)谷(gu)，送夕陽迎(ying)素(su)月(yue)(yue)，乃游(you)(you)者之快事。

水簾洞

水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，在云夢盆地南山(shan)陰半山(shan)崖，系鬼谷先生隱居之(zhi)所，又是聚徒講學之(zhi)地。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)高(gao)10米(mi)，寬6米(mi)，進深(shen)80余米(mi)，是一(yi)天然洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)頂奇形怪狀的鐘乳石比比皆是，如(ru)珠似(si)玉(yu)的水(shui)(shui)珠順著鐘乳滴落石上，如(ru)墜玉(yu)盤，叮咚(dong)有聲，猶如(ru)古人(ren)撫琴開箏(zheng)。串(chuan)(chuan)串(chuan)(chuan)水(shui)(shui)珠恰(qia)似(si)一(yi)幅珠簾(lian)懸于洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)。故名水(shui)(shui)簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。“碧水(shui)(shui)為(wei)簾(lian)山(shan)頭(tou)掛(gua)，紅桃似(si)錦洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)開”，就(jiu)是這里景色的寫照(zhao)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)之(zhi)深(shen)處有一(yi)泉(quan)潭，水(shui)(shui)晶瑩甘(gan)冽，夏秋(qiu)之(zhi)季，泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)溢出洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)外，形成一(yi)道飛瀑、直瀉映瑞池，群眾(zhong)為(wei)之(zhi)洗洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。

洗塵洞

洗(xi)塵洞即孫臏(bin)(bin)洞在水簾(lian)洞右側(ce)，依山(shan)鑿(zao)就，開鑿(zao)于明代，面闊三間，洞口兩(liang)側(ce)矗立石(shi)雕旗桿兩(liang)根，洞內石(shi)楹(ying)二排(pai)六(liu)柱，每根上(shang)刻有(you)楹(ying)聯(lian)和人物故事(shi)，圖(tu)(tu)像(xiang)清晰，造(zao)型生動，構圖(tu)(tu)嚴謹，刻工不遜。洞門以(yi)石(shi)雕成，雖然不大(da)倒也古(gu)樸，內奉孫臏(bin)(bin)坐像(xiang)，嚴肅莊重。孫臏(bin)(bin)，戰國軍事(shi)家，齊國阿（今山(shan)東陽谷人），孫武子之孫，與龐涓同在云夢山(shan)拜鬼(gui)谷子為師(shi)，學習(xi)兵(bing)法(fa)。曾為齊威王軍師(shi)，大(da)敗(bai)魏軍于馬陵。著有(you)《孫臏(bin)(bin)兵(bing)法(fa)》 。洞門楹(ying)聯(lian)道(dao)出了孫臏(bin)(bin)一生的功業和氣質(zhi)，“道(dao)講(jiang)刑名勛垂勃海，胸羅兵(bing)甲(jia)氣鎮風云”。

倒坐觀音殿

倒坐(zuo)觀(guan)音(yin)殿，是(shi)(shi)一座回(hui)廊式卷(juan)棚(peng)歇山(shan)飛(fei)檐建筑，內(nei)奉一尊石(shi)(shi)雕南海(hai)大士(shi)，面壁而(er)坐(zuo)。這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)石(shi)(shi)刻選像在中(zhong)(zhong)國還(huan)屬罕見。令人(ren)沉思回(hui)味(wei)的(de)倒是(shi)(shi)殿門的(de)楹聯：“問觀(guan)音(yin)為(wei)(wei)何倒坐(zuo)，因世人(ren)不(bu)肯回(hui)頭。”寓意深刻，鞭韃(da)了那些口是(shi)(shi)心非、表里不(bu)一的(de)偽(wei)君(jun)子。觀(guan)音(yin)為(wei)(wei)何倒坐(zuo)？相傳，龐涓在馬陵道被(bei)孫(sun)臏(bin)打敗之后，匆忙(mang)趕(gan)回(hui)云夢山(shan)，求(qiu)鬼谷(gu)先生再授藝于他，鬼谷(gu)不(bu)予理采，并(bing)將其趕(gan)回(hui)云夢北山(shan)。他便求(qiu)助南海(hai)大士(shi)從中(zhong)(zhong)通融(rong)，說服鬼谷(gu)再收他為(wei)(wei)徒(tu)。南海(hai)大士(shi)一見是(shi)(shi)他，立刻把(ba)身轉了過去，說：“好一個不(bu)知廉恥的(de)東西，你好話說盡壞事(shi)做絕(jue)，還(huan)有何臉面見我？趕(gan)快回(hui)洞(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)去吧！”從此(ci)這(zhe)(zhe)觀(guan)音(yin)再也沒(mei)有扭(niu)過臉來(lai)。

毛遂洞

水簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)正(zheng)下(xia)方，是一天(tian)然(ran)洞(dong)(dong)穴(xue)，約20平(ping)方米，洞(dong)(dong)頂全由鐘乳構成，狀如云朵，千姿百態。洞(dong)(dong)前(qian)有抱殿三(san)楹，卷棚歇山式建筑，小巧玲(ling)瓏，雕梁畫(hua)棟，外有石欄，站在這里(li)可以(yi)俯視北山廟區。洞(dong)(dong)內奉毛(mao)遂塑像一尊。毛(mao)遂戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)人，勇武有膽(dan)略，善言辯(bian)。中國(guo)(guo)歷史上(shang)有名的外交家，趙(zhao)國(guo)(guo)平(ping)原君(jun)(jun)(jun)門下(xia)食客(ke)，趙(zhao)孝成王九(jiu)年（公元前(qian)275年）秦國(guo)(guo)圍邯(han)鄲(dan)，平(ping)原君(jun)(jun)(jun)到楚(chu)(chu)求救(jiu)，他自(zi)薦同往。平(ping)原君(jun)(jun)(jun)和楚(chu)(chu)王談判，楚(chu)(chu)王不答應救(jiu)趙(zhao)，平(ping)原君(jun)(jun)(jun)爭得沒(mei)法(fa)，此(ci)時，毛(mao)遂挺劍而(er)(er)上(shang)陳說利害，說服楚(chu)(chu)王同意(yi)發兵救(jiu)趙(zhao)。從而(er)(er)顯示了他的才能。“毛(mao)遂自(zi)薦”成語即(ji)由此(ci)而(er)(er)得。毛(mao)遂洞(dong)(dong)與北山龐涓洞(dong)(dong)，遙遙相對，相傳(chuan)鬼谷先生派其在這里(li)監視龐涓的行(xing)蹤(zong)。

龐涓洞

龐(pang)涓洞在云(yun)夢北山半(ban)腰，高約1.5米(mi)，寬2米(mi)，進(jin)深3米(mi)。龐(pang)涓，戰(zhan)國時魏(wei)國大(da)將，與(yu)孫臏(bin)(bin)(bin)同師(shi)鬼谷學兵(bing)法。此人嫉賢妒能，編(bian)造罪狀(zhuang)對孫臏(bin)(bin)(bin)施以(yi)臏(bin)(bin)(bin)刑。公(gong)元前344年齊以(yi)臏(bin)(bin)(bin)為軍師(shi)，攻魏(wei)求(qiu)韓，龐(pang)回師(shi)迎(ying)戰(zhan)，在馬陵道中孫臏(bin)(bin)(bin)計(ji)，全軍被(bei)殲，龐(pang)涓自(zi)殺(sha)。因龐(pang)涓為人奸詐，詭計(ji)多端，鬼谷先生將其趕到這荒僻的山洞，并(bing)在洞前建一(yi)鎮妖(yao)塔，不許亂動。

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