景點簡介
鎮(zhen)海堤(di)(di),原(yuan)(yuan)名東甲堤(di)(di),位于荔(li)城區黃石(shi)鎮(zhen)境(jing)內(nei),蜿蜒(yan)橫臥在興(xing)化灣南(nan)岸(an)木蘭溪入海口,全長6公里。唐元(yuan)和年間(jian),為抵御(yu)海潮、圍墾埭田,福建觀察使裴次元(yuan)筑造東甲堤(di)(di),歷代(dai)屢有重修(xiu),是福建省最(zui)早最(zui)大(da)的海堤(di)(di),保(bao)護著(zhu)興(xing)化南(nan)洋平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)二(er)十(shi)多萬畝良(liang)田。相傳,鎮(zhen)海堤(di)(di)存,則南(nan)洋平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)一年三熟,水鄉漁米;鎮(zhen)海堤(di)(di)亡,則南(nan)洋平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)蒲草叢生,澤國(guo)水鄉。其意(yi)義和地位可見一斑。
鎮海堤以抵(di)御海潮,圍(wei)墾埭田,造福(fu)于民存世,黃石、新度、笏(hu)石、北高(gao)四(si)鎮69個村共25萬(wan)人口,22.5萬(wan)畝(mu)田地受益。可謂(wei)歷(li)經滄桑,迄今已有1200多年。它(ta)是莆田最古老(lao)效益最大(da)的古建筑,被列為省級(ji)文物保護單(dan)位。2006年5月,又被國務院批準(zhun)為全國重點文物保護單(dan)位。
鎮海堤(di)唐元和(he)元年(806年)由閩(min)浙(zhe)觀察使(shi)裴次元創建(jian),是(shi)在莆田南(nan)洋(yang)圍(wei)墾東北(bei)角最易被(bei)風潮沖毀的(de)土堤(di)外加建(jian)石堤(di)3.4公里,自黃石鎮東甲(jia)村(cun)至遮浪村(cun)。堤(di)岸有報功祠,系清道光年間(jian)邑(yi)人(ren)(ren)陳池養修堤(di)后(hou)重建(jian),祠內紀念(nian)歷(li)代修堤(di)人(ren)(ren)九位(wei),并(bing)用石刻記載了(le)歷(li)代修堤(di)的(de)有功人(ren)(ren)士四百多人(ren)(ren)事跡。
文獻記載
鎮(zhen)(zhen)海堤唐(tang)元(yuan)和元(yuan)年(nian)(806年(nian))由閩(min)浙(zhe)觀(guan)察使裴(pei)次元(yuan)創建,是在莆田南洋圍墾(ken)東(dong)北角(jiao)最易被風潮(chao)沖毀的(de)土堤外加建石堤3.4公里,自黃石鎮(zhen)(zhen)東(dong)甲村至遮浪村。
據史載,石堤(di)(di)于明洪武二十年(nian)(1387年(nian))被拆,堤(di)(di)石用(yong)于筑平海(hai)、莆(pu)禧兩城。此后僅剩土堤(di)(di),屢修(xiu)屢毀。清道光七年(nian)(1827年(nian)),莆(pu)人陳池養重修(xiu)石堤(di)(di),改稱“鎮海(hai)堤(di)(di)”。海(hai)堤(di)(di)總長87.5公里,至今仍是福建省(sheng)最早最大的海(hai)堤(di)(di),保(bao)護著興化南洋平原20多(duo)萬(wan)畝(mu)良田。
南洋海堤(di)工程最(zui)艱巨的首推東甲堤(di),古(gu)稱鎮海堤(di)。其創建(jian)時間,舊府、縣志(zhi)(zhi)無詳載(zai),僅謂唐元(yuan)和(he)年(nian)(819年(nian))觀察使裴次元(yuan)填海為堤(di)開南洋,在紅泉筑堰儲水(shui)(shui),圍墾為田;又(you),堤(di)古(gu)為石砌。清陳池養《莆陽水(shui)(shui)利志(zhi)(zhi)》根據上(shang)述所載(zai),論斷東甲堤(di)是裴次元(yuan)創筑。
東(dong)甲堤(di)(di)(di)(di)自遮浪起至東(dong)甲止,全(quan)部工(gong)程包括(kuo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)、附石(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)與(yu)(yu)附石(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)同一(yi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)兩面,外為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)砌,內(nei)為(wei)土(tu)(tu)筑,土(tu)(tu)筑高(gao)于石(shi)(shi)(shi)砌,水垾(han)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)筑,距石(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)后半里。舊志載,東(dong)甲、遮浪一(yi)帶,有(you)洋田(tian)與(yu)(yu)埭(dai)田(tian)之分,洋田(tian)依(yi)山附海,由(you)高(gao)趨岸,前人于洋田(tian)盡處(chu)筑堤(di)(di)(di)(di),是(shi)(shi)為(wei)內(nei)堤(di)(di)(di)(di);又把內(nei)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)外的(de)(de)海灘,墾為(wei)埭(dai)田(tian),漸圍漸墾,就有(you)一(yi)埭(dai)、二埭(dai)、三(san)埭(dai)之稱。于堤(di)(di)(di)(di)田(tian)外筑堤(di)(di)(di)(di)障潮,是(shi)(shi)為(wei)外堤(di)(di)(di)(di)。埭(dai)田(tian)低于洋田(tian),高(gao)差自0.58米至1.17米不等;埭(dai)田(tian)以(yi)內(nei)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)障霖(lin),以(yi)外堤(di)(di)(di)(di)捍海水。上述所指(zhi)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)與(yu)(yu)附石(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di),就是(shi)(shi)所謂外堤(di)(di)(di)(di),水垾(han)內(nei)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)就是(shi)(shi)所謂內(nei)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)。
明洪武二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1387年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),江(jiang)夏(xia)侯周(zhou)德(de)興(xing),將(jiang)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)拆砌(qi)平海(hai)(hai)、莆(pu)禧兩城,僅留下附石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。洪武三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1397年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)潰(kui)決。永樂三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1405年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)又(you)崩壞(huai)(huai),白浪長(chang)驅至(zhi)(zhi)壺公山麓,南(nan)洋一(yi)片沃(wo)土(tu)(tu)(tu)被(bei)(bei)淹,造(zao)成(cheng)嚴重災荒。此后至(zhi)(zhi)嘉(jia)(jia)靖十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1534年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),100多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間,土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)被(bei)(bei)海(hai)(hai)浪吞噬過8次。其(qi)中,弘治六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1493年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),狂風(feng)(feng)大(da)(da)作(zuo),土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)幾乎全部潰(kui)決,海(hai)(hai)船可駛入平田(tian)(tian),民(min)眾為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),曾幾次選人(ren)進(jin)(jin)京請筑(zhu)(zhu),但未(wei)(wei)能(neng)實(shi)現,只好(hao)仍修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),可是屢修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)屢壞(huai)(huai),民(min)眾困(kun)苦(ku)不(bu)堪(kan)。明嘉(jia)(jia)靖十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1534年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),興(xing)化府知(zhi)府黃一(yi)道(dao),開始修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),先作(zuo)天地(di)玄(xuan)黃四(si)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磯,用巨木雜竹為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)楗,內塞亂(luan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),以(yi)殺潮勢,繼以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)砌(qi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),長(chang)1400丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),高9尺,但未(wei)(wei)完(wan)工黃即被(bei)(bei)解(jie)官離去。同知(zhi)潭鎧(kai)終其(qi)成(cheng)。后人(ren)在東(dong)(dong)甲(jia)建(jian)宗祠(ci)(ci),在遮浪建(jian)功德(de)祠(ci)(ci),祀此兩人(ren),以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念。嘉(jia)(jia)靖二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1550年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),土(tu)(tu)(tu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)俱(ju)壞(huai)(huai),砌(qi)筑(zhu)(zhu)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)。嘉(jia)(jia)靖四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1562年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),倭寇陷城,群(qun)眾逃亡,海(hai)(hai)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)失管,復(fu)遇(yu)風(feng)(feng)雨為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)災,堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)被(bei)(bei)沖(chong)決,水溢滿(man)城。邑人(ren)都御史林(lin)潤,疏請帑(tang)金修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。巡按檄(xi)縣支帑(tang)金1000余(yu)兩進(jin)(jin)行修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復(fu),用石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)縱橫交(jiao)砌(qi)。萬歷(li)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1578年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壞(huai)(huai),花銀(yin)1000兩修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)420丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),并添設(she)(she)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磯,萬歷(li)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1588年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壞(huai)(huai),縣動支帑(tang)金575兩,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)482丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)2尺。萬歷(li)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1591年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),支帑(tang)金160余(yu)兩,維修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。萬歷(li)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1602年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壞(huai)(huai),撥賑(zhen)銀(yin)480兩重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),添設(she)(she)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磯。清順治十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1659年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))九(jiu)月(yue)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri),颶風(feng)(feng)猛(meng)襲,土(tu)(tu)(tu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)盡壞(huai)(huai),海(hai)(hai)水淹入,晚稻絕(jue)收。順治十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1661年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),截界(jie)禍起,東(dong)(dong)甲(jia)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)被(bei)(bei)劃到界(jie)外(wai),蕩為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)海(hai)(hai)港。康熙二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1682年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),復(fu)界(jie)后,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),康熙三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1691年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))七月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五日(ri)夜臺風(feng)(feng),二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)夜又(you)臺風(feng)(feng),海(hai)(hai)水溢入堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),淹沒田(tian)(tian)廬,海(hai)(hai)船漂入沙堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及五龍(long)地(di)方。雍正十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1735年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),群(qun)眾集資修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)100丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),高9尺,底(di)5尺,面(mian)(mian)3尺;附石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1100丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),高1丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),底(di)2丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),面(mian)(mian)1丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang);并修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)二(er)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涵(han)和(he)砌(qi)筑(zhu)(zhu)埭田(tian)(tian)100余(yu)畝,全部工程(cheng)歷(li)經3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)才(cai)完(wan)成(cheng)。乾(qian)(qian)隆(long)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1752年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))八(ba)月(yue)至(zhi)(zhi)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1774年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))八(ba)月(yue),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)又(you)潰(kui)決3次,海(hai)(hai)水淹至(zhi)(zhi)沙堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、水南(nan)諸村,沿海(hai)(hai)禾薯盡沒。乾(qian)(qian)隆(long)四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1780年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壞(huai)(huai),舊西(xi)(xi)涵(han)潰(kui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)深淵,溝(gou)海(hai)(hai)出入,名為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)青(qing)龍(long)港。群(qun)眾移(yi)高筑(zhu)(zhu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),改設(she)(she)西(xi)(xi)涵(han)。乾(qian)(qian)隆(long)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1790年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壞(huai)(huai),舊東(dong)(dong)涵(han)潰(kui),群(qun)眾移(yi)高筑(zhu)(zhu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),改為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)涵(han)。乾(qian)(qian)隆(long)五十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1794年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))秋,海(hai)(hai)溢堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)潰(kui),禾薯絕(jue)收,是歲大(da)(da)饑。道(dao)光六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)(zhi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1826~1827年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),邑人(ren)陳池養依靠群(qun)眾力(li)量(liang),大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)東(dong)(dong)甲(jia)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),填截青(qing)龍(long)港50丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),筑(zhu)(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1114丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),高1.1丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),面(mian)(mian)寬4尺,底(di)寬8尺,縱橫迭(die)砌(qi),滿(man)灌灰(hui)漿;又(you)設(she)(she)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涵(han),以(yi)泄(xie)埭田(tian)(tian)水;筑(zhu)(zhu)附石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1114丈(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang);砌(qi)水埠(bu)內堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)道(dao);拋亂(luan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)11.5萬塊坦(tan)坡護堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。經過這(zhe)次整修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),東(dong)(dong)甲(jia)堤(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)比以(yi)前牢(lao)固。道(dao)光十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1832年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))八(ba)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri)及咸(xian)豐元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1851年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))八(ba)月(yue)三(san)日(ri),颶風(feng)(feng),海(hai)(hai)潮大(da)(da)作(zuo),但不(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)患。
清道光年間(1821~1850年)所整修的東甲堤工程依次為:
石堤(di)(di)。堤(di)(di)作斜折形,自東北迤向西南,每(mei)筑一段(duan),收(shou)進1.17米(mi)(mi)或(huo)1.47米(mi)(mi),為尖破水,以抵狂潮,堤(di)(di)長3275.16米(mi)(mi),高2.65米(mi)(mi),面(mian)寬(kuan)1.17米(mi)(mi),底(di)寬(kuan)1.47米(mi)(mi),西頭長882米(mi)(mi),底(di)寬(kuan)1.76米(mi)(mi),高2.05~2.94米(mi)(mi)。堤(di)(di)的基礎以竹(zhu)為網絡(luo),用8.82米(mi)(mi)長椿(chun)三(san)根,深釘,橫貫杉木,竹(zhu)麓為纜(lan),聯絡(luo)筑掛(gua),絡(luo)內(nei)入土,椿(chun)令(ling)堅(jian)(jian)實,逐層(ceng)加(jia)(jia)高。堤(di)(di)址以竹(zhu)為長絡(luo),用松(song)(song)木長椿(chun)4枚深釘,貫以松(song)(song)木,內(nei)裝(zhuang)碎石為基,然(ran)后(hou)布石。其舊址堅(jian)(jian)實的,以舊址為骨,內(nei)外(wai)加(jia)(jia)釘兩(liang)(liang)行排椿(chun)。舊址全(quan)無的,除打(da)內(nei)外(wai)兩(liang)(liang)行排椿(chun)外(wai),中間再(zai)加(jia)(jia)梅花椿(chun)。堤(di)(di)用0.35米(mi)(mi)厚的條石,丁順(露頭與露側之(zhi)稱)互砌(qi),迭石11層(ceng),每(mei)2層(ceng)一收(shou),外(wai)收(shou)0.18米(mi)(mi),內(nei)收(shou)0.02米(mi)(mi),層(ceng)層(ceng)滿灌灰(hui)漿,堤(di)(di)外(wai)用松(song)(song)木深釘。竹(zhu)絡(luo)裝(zhuang)上,堵截各港險(xian)處,絡(luo)實石塊,又(you)(you)在堤(di)(di)腳拋重200斤的大(da)亂石11.5萬塊,維護堤(di)(di)腳,并設(she)東西二石洞以泄水,又(you)(you)在西涵以東,廟后(hou)以西,加(jia)(jia)填(tian)石磯。
附(fu)石(shi)土堤(di)。石(shi)堤(di)內加筑(zhu)附(fu)石(shi)土堤(di),長3275.16米(mi),自(zi)遮(zhe)浪(lang)三門港以(yi)東(dong)(dong),東(dong)(dong)甲慈(ci)圣(sheng)門以(yi)西(xi)為主要地段,計長2352米(mi),面(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)1.47米(mi),底寬(kuan)8.82米(mi),下(xia)加盤5.88米(mi),其頭(tou)尾兩段仍面(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)1.47米(mi),底寬(kuan)4.41米(mi),土堤(di)高出(chu)石(shi)堤(di)頂面(mian)(mian)1~1.5米(mi)不等,取土坑距堤(di)內44.1米(mi)以(yi)外。
水(shui)埠內(nei)堤(di)。東甲、遮浪地勢(shi)低下,為防木蘭、寶騰、梁溪及程洋(yang)諸山洪水(shui)暴漲決堤(di)入(ru)海,于石(shi)堤(di)后半里,自遮浪至東甲,鄒曾徐交界上去,筑水(shui)埠內(nei)堤(di)以抵溝(gou)水(shui),籍護(hu)海堤(di),堤(di)面寬(kuan)2.94米(mi),底寬(kuan)5.88米(mi),靠(kao)溝(gou)護(hu)以瓦礫。
到(dao)民(min)(min)國時,東(dong)甲(jia)堤因百年失修(xiu),石(shi)堤堤身發生沉陷(xian)傾斜,石(shi)層灰漿脫落殆盡,石(shi)層有被壓而凹入(ru)數寸(cun)的(de),有被折斷的(de),附石(shi)土堤則是嚴重漏洞,日益擴大(da),危及(ji)堤身安全。但國民(min)(min)黨政(zheng)府始終不(bu)曾(ceng)加以(yi)搶修(xiu)。
1952年(nian)冬至1953年(nian)春(chun),人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)發動(dong)群眾,對(dui)東甲堤(di)進行(xing)全面的(de)搶(qiang)救整修。1961年(nian)9月(yue)22號臺風加大潮,又使東甲堤(di)遭到摧毀性的(de)破壞(huai)。災(zai)后,省政(zheng)府(fu)撥(bo)出專款對(dui)海(hai)(hai)堤(di)進行(xing)標(biao)準化(hua)基建,東甲堤(di)作為重點施工地段(duan),首(shou)先實(shi)現海(hai)(hai)堤(di)標(biao)準化(hua)。建成以來(lai),經受住(zhu)幾次大的(de)臺風、暴雨、海(hai)(hai)潮的(de)考驗,有效保(bao)護人(ren)民生(sheng)命財產的(de)安全。