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概況

真武山(shan)(shan)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)位于四川省宜賓(bin)市市區內(nei)城西北的(de)真武山(shan)(shan)上，始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于明萬歷二年(nian)（1574年(nian)），至(zhi)清中葉形成以(yi)道教(jiao)宮觀為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，融(rong)道、釋、儒三(san)教(jiao)文化為(wei)一體(ti)規模宏大的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)。廟以(yi)明代(dai)的(de)玄祖殿為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，八座(zuo)殿宇依山(shan)(shan)取勢，造型別異。廟占地約3.3萬平方米(mi)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積約4,000平方米(mi)。廟群(qun)(qun)以(yi)明代(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，清代(dai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)輔(fu)，集樓、殿、坊、廊、橋池、洞、臺為(wei)一體(ti)，是(shi)一組文化內(nei)涵豐富的(de)明、清建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)實例。

1996年，真武山(shan)古建筑群由(you)國(guo)務(wu)院公布為第(di)四(si)批全國(guo)重點文物保護(hu)單位。

歷史及構成

真(zhen)武山(shan)(shan)宋名仙侶山(shan)(shan)，明代已有(you)真(zhen)武山(shan)(shan)、師(shi)來山(shan)(shan)等名稱。明萬(wan)歷(li)元年(nian)（1573）四川巡撫(fu)曾省吾征(zheng)討都掌人時，托(tuo)詞真(zhen)武祖師(shi)助其師(shi)，乃在山(shan)(shan)上增建(jian)真(zhen)武祠，后(hou)又續建(jian)不(bu)少廟宇。且(qie)由(you)山(shan)(shan)腳至(zhi)山(shan)(shan)頂修建(jian)石(shi)級(ji)，仿泰山(shan)(shan)分(fen)立中(zhong)石(shi)坊三座名門天門、二天門、三天門。至(zhi)清代共(gong)有(you)建(jian)筑(zhu)20余處，號稱“川南道(dao)教名山(shan)(shan)”。今尚存(cun)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)有(you)地姆宮、文昌宮等8處，占地面(mian)積(ji)共(gong)3.33公頃(qing)。

古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)依(yi)山(shan)取(qu)勢，錯(cuo)落有(you)勢；且屹(yi)立岷江岸畔(pan)，四周古木參(can)天，詩情畫意，宛若(ruo)仙(xian)境。古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中，玄祖(zu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)二(er)(er)年（1574），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積156平(ping)(ping)方米，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)有(you)清(qing)(qing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)木石結(jie)構(gou)如意斗拱(gong)牌(pai)坊；祖(zu)師殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)九(jiu)(jiu)年（1581），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積64平(ping)(ping)方米，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)架石橋曰"謁仙(xian)橋"。望不樓(lou)亦建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)九(jiu)(jiu)年，清(qing)(qing)乾隆五十(shi)(shi)六年（1791）培修，為(wei)抬梁式三重檐歇(xie)山(shan)頂，第(di)二(er)(er)層設樓(lou)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積200平(ping)(ping)方米；無量殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)，清(qing)(qing)康熙十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年（1673）重修，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積約220平(ping)(ping)方米，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后為(wei)郁姑臺，其上曾建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)遇仙(xian)樓(lou)，今(jin)樓(lou)毀臺存；斗姆(mu)宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷(li)四十(shi)(shi)六年（1618），清(qing)(qing)代(dai)曾予培修，由前(qian)、中、后三殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)構(gou)成，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積250平(ping)(ping)方米；三府宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)清(qing)(qing)道光(guang)年間（1821~1850），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積638平(ping)(ping)方米；文昌(chang)宮(gong)三重大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)(ming)隆慶初（1567），增(zeng)修于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)清(qing)(qing)代(dai)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積876平(ping)(ping)方米；地姆(mu)宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)清(qing)(qing)代(dai)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積108平(ping)(ping)方米。今(jin)真武山(shan)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群已作為(wei)宜賓博物館館址。