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介紹

千像寺(si)位于薊縣(xian)盤(pan)山東麓(lu)白(bai)水峪之(zhi)(zhi)南 ，是唐(tang)遼時期(qi)盤(pan)山著名寺(si)廟之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，今圯為遺址 。

現僅存遺址、遼(liao)代(dai)(dai)統和(he)五年（公元987年）創建(jian)(jian)千(qian)(qian)像(xiang)寺(si)講堂(tang)碑(bei)和(he)相關的(de)(de)石刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)造像(xiang)群(qun)。千(qian)(qian)像(xiang)寺(si)石刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)造像(xiang)群(qun)分布(bu)在遺址周(zhou)圍0.4平方公里(li)范圍內(nei)(nei)，因千(qian)(qian)像(xiang)寺(si)而得名，目前(qian)已在124處(chu)巨(ju)石和(he)崖壁上發現線刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)造像(xiang)535尊(zun)，是迄今(jin)發現規模較大的(de)(de)遼(liao)代(dai)(dai)石刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)造像(xiang)群(qun)。初(chu)步判斷，造像(xiang)群(qun)為(wei)遼(liao)代(dai)(dai)民間佛教(jiao)信(xin)眾(zhong)鐫(juan)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，反映了佛教(jiao)密宗(zong)的(de)(de)精(jing)神內(nei)(nei)蘊。石刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)造像(xiang)群(qun)還包(bao)括與(yu)之(zhi)相關的(de)(de)遼(liao)統和(he)五年（987年）盤山祐唐(tang)千(qian)(qian)像(xiang)寺(si)創建(jian)(jian)講堂(tang)碑(bei) 、遼(liao)天(tian)慶八年（1118年）經幢，以及(ji)寺(si)后洞窟(ku)內(nei)(nei)明代(dai)(dai)浮雕(diao)菩薩和(he)清高宗(zong)（乾隆帝）題(ti)詩石刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等附屬文物。

根據寺內現存的(de)遼(liao)(liao)統和(he)五年（987年）《盤(pan)山佑(you)唐寺創建講(jiang)堂(tang)碑銘(ming)并序》記載(zai)：“自昔(xi)相傳，有(you)尊者(zhe)挈杖遠至，求(qiu)植足之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所。僧室(shi)東北隅，巖(yan)下有(you)澄泉，恍惚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)，見千(qian)僧澤(ze)缽，瞬息而泯，因(yin)茲(zi)構精舍宴坐矣。厥后(hou)(hou)于(yu)(yu)溪谷澗石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面，刻千(qian)佛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，而以顯其殊圣也。雖雨漬苔斑，睠儀相而猶在(zai)(zai)。”也就是(shi)說(shuo)在(zai)(zai)薊(ji)州軍事判(pan)官(guan)李(li)仲宣撰寫(xie)此(ci)碑文(wen)(wen)的(de)時候(hou)，千(qian)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寺造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)早(zao)已經存在(zai)(zai)了(le)(le)。耶律德(de)光(guang)于(yu)(yu)會同元年（938年）割取千(qian)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寺所在(zai)(zai)的(de)燕云十六州，同時改契(qi)丹國為(wei)大遼(liao)(liao)。此(ci)時下距(ju)統和(he)五年也就四十九(jiu)年的(de)時間(jian)(jian)，若(ruo)千(qian)佛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)真(zhen)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)會同元年以后(hou)(hou)開鑿(zao)的(de)，那(nei)(nei)么李(li)仲宣以及燕京憫忠寺前左街僧錄判(pan)官(guan)法信大師(shi)(shi)德(de)麟撰寫(xie)碑文(wen)(wen)時他(ta)們應該是(shi)知道的(de)，且碑文(wen)(wen)里卻只提(ti)到“自昔(xi)相傳”，故千(qian)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寺造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)石(shi)(shi)刻于(yu)(yu)遼(liao)(liao)代的(de)說(shuo)法值得商榷(que)。從(cong)千(qian)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寺現存造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)風(feng)格(ge)來看(kan)，這些(xie)佛造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)呈現高度(du)的(de)寫(xie)實(shi)風(feng)格(ge)，五官(guan)端正，體型較(jiao)豐(feng)滿(man)，螺發跟肉髻(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)有(you)髻(ji)珠，是(shi)比較(jiao)典(dian)型的(de)五代、宋的(de)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)風(feng)格(ge)。從(cong)朋友那(nei)(nei)得知千(qian)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寺造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)，便(bian)約好時間(jian)(jian)與朋友還(huan)有(you)從(cong)安(an)陽趕來的(de)楊(yang)(yang)師(shi)(shi)傅(fu)一起去實(shi)地查看(kan)并做了(le)(le)簡單的(de)傳拓(tuo)，作(zuo)為(wei)資(zi)料保(bao)存。由于(yu)(yu)千(qian)百年來雨水的(de)沖刷，加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)質是(shi)砂石(shi)(shi)，這些(xie)線刻佛像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)風(feng)化剝落嚴重(zhong)。由于(yu)(yu)那(nei)(nei)天刮風(feng)，從(cong)日(ri)中到日(ri)暮，跟楊(yang)(yang)師(shi)(shi)傅(fu)全(quan)力配合才勉強拓(tuo)了(le)(le)兩張，甚是(shi)狼狽。晚上回京，借著(zhu)朋友拿來的(de)金門高粱酒與楊(yang)(yang)師(shi)(shi)傅(fu)在(zai)(zai)湘腸香痛飲了(le)(le)一番，在(zai)(zai)安(an)陽尋找金石(shi)(shi)平日(ri)里多得楊(yang)(yang)師(shi)(shi)傅(fu)相助，提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)諸(zhu)多便(bian)利。

關(guan)于千像(xiang)寺(si)造(zao)像(xiang)，如(ru)此大范(fan)圍集中的(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)(zhe)么多的(de)(de)(de)摩崖線(xian)刻(ke)佛(fo)像(xiang)，在國內(nei)是少見的(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)造(zao)像(xiang)應該(gai)有很重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)價(jia)值。只是到(dao)目(mu)前為(wei)止，這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)造(zao)像(xiang)仍舊還是曝露在野外。尋訪回來將拓片拿(na)于黃老(lao)師看，正巧敦煌(huang)研(yan)究(jiu)院的(de)(de)(de)一位老(lao)師也在，他(ta)們(men)提到(dao)用樹(shu)脂之類的(de)(de)(de)東西涂抹在石(shi)頭表面，將線(xian)刻(ke)佛(fo)像(xiang)與空(kong)氣隔離(li)，以起(qi)到(dao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)作用，不知道薊縣(xian)相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)文保(bao)(bao)部門是否會(hui)采取很好的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措施，但愿這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)珍貴的(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)像(xiang)不要(yao)再陷入(ru)被發現，然后火(huo)一陣子最后再被忘(wang)卻的(de)(de)(de)境地。

有關歷史

附(fu)：《盤山佑唐寺創建講(jiang)堂碑銘并(bing)序》

薊州軍事(shi)判官(guan)文林郎(lang)試秘書(shu)(shu)省校書(shu)(shu)郎(lang)李仲宣撰

燕京憫忠寺(si)前左街僧(seng)錄判官法信(xin)大師(shi)賜紫(zi)沙門德麟書(shu)

夫幽燕(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)，列郡(jun)有四，薊門為上(shang)(shang)。地(di)方千(qian)里(li)，籍冠百城。紅稻香粳，實魚(yu)鹽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沃壤；襟河(he)控岳(yue)(yue)，當旌戟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奧區(qu)。于(yu)古堞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，西北(bei)一舍(she)，有盤山者(zhe)，乃箕尾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巨鎮也。深(shen)維地(di)紉，高(gao)辟天門。暖(nuan)碧(bi)凝霄，寒青壓海(hai)。珠(zhu)樓(lou)璇(xuan)室(shi)，抑窅窱于(yu)昆丘；寶(bao)洞瓊臺，耀(yao)磅礴于(yu)衡岳(yue)(yue)。崆峒左(zuo)倚(yi)，泰行右連，懷珠(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水派(pai)其(qi)(qi)陽(yang)，削玉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)峰峭其(qi)(qi)后。嶺上(shang)(shang)時興于(yu)瑞霧(wu)，谷中虛老于(yu)喬松。奇樹珍禽，異花靈草。絕頂有龍(long)池(chi)焉(yan)(yan)，向(xiang)旱歲而能(neng)興雷雨；巖(yan)下(xia)有潮井焉(yan)(yan)，依旦(dan)暮(mu)而不虧盈縮。于(yu)名山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內，最處(chu)其(qi)(qi)嘉。此境舊有五寺(si)，祐(you)唐者(zhe)乃備其(qi)(qi)一。自昔相傳，有尊者(zhe)挈杖遠至，求植足之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所。僧室(shi)東北(bei)隅，巖(yan)下(xia)有澄泉(quan)，恍惚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間，見(jian)千(qian)僧澤缽，瞬息而泯(min)，因茲構(gou)精舍(she)宴坐矣。厥后于(yu)溪谷澗石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面，刻千(qian)佛(fo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)像，而以顯其(qi)(qi)殊(shu)圣也。雖雨漬苔(tai)斑，睠儀相而猶(you)在；陽(yang)舒陰慘，流善譽而不隳(hui)。向(xiang)此藍垣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)，長松之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)，有大(da)石焉(yan)(yan)，重萬余鈞，或遇信敬者(zhe)，微觸而動(dong)。迄(qi)今游閱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士，冠蓋相望(wang)，四序不絕于(yu)阡陌也。當昔全盛(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，砌疊龍(long)蟠，檐排鳳翅。晨(chen)鐘暮(mu)磬，上(shang)(shang)聞兜率。神宗律學，宛是祇陁。駢闐可(ke)類于(yu)清(qing)涼，赫(he)奕遙同于(yu)白馬，乃法(fa)侶輻湊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉也。爰(yuan)自大(da)兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，并已(yi)燼滅繇謂(wei)物不可(ke)以久廢，故亨利于(yu)德(de)人。

德(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)者即寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)德(de)(de)(de)，乃(nai)當寺(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景(jing)派也(ye)。厥本(ben)惟裔，其(qi)(qi)神(shen)不測，苦(ku)隨念盡，樂與人(ren)(ren)(ren)同。化六趣(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忙然，歸(gui)十(shi)(shi)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)隱。享年(nian)臘(la)末晚，昌行業彌高(gao)(gao)，既(ji)多(duo)(duo)有(you)(you)緒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聞，宜(yi)示無(wu)窮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)績。寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)德(de)(de)(de)，俗姓(xing)瑯琊氏，釋諱希(xi)悟(wu)，鎮陽夏博人(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)。爰自聚(ju)沙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歲(sui)，禮當寺(si)(si)寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在楚禪師，授(shou)法(fa)焉。剿除(chu)五(wu)蓋，慕(mu)別四生。舍欲棹而誓泛慈(ci)舟(zhou)，棄毒藥(yao)而愿食甘果。年(nian)二(er)十(shi)(shi)，詣東(dong)五(wu)臺山長興(xing)寺(si)(si)，具(ju)尸羅(luo)，由啟弘愿，筵僧(seng)(seng)一(yi)十(shi)(shi)萬，次第竟(jing)矣。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是謂其(qi)(qi)己友曰：“聞二(er)儀舒(shu)慘，四序推(tui)遷，人(ren)(ren)(ren)生幾(ji)何，歲(sui)不我(wo)與。覽斯基(ji)址，孰(shu)忍凄涼。野鹿(lu)群麋，晝夜而草眠香徑，壞碑毀塔(ta)，高(gao)(gao)低而蔓掛藤蘿。玉(yu)毫消盡于(yu)(yu)(yu)華鬘，金磬罷聞于(yu)(yu)(yu)齋懺。上漏(lou)下濕，日就月將(jiang)。徐(xu)興(xing)再造之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)，爰起(qi)從新之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務。”于(yu)(yu)(yu)是乎，手(shou)披榛(zhen)棘，力用經菅，移怪石(shi)而截(jie)斷云(yun)根，伐灌木而墔折煙色。應歷(li)十(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)，化求財贐，蓋佛(fo)(fo)殿一(yi)座(zuo)。櫟(li)櫨(lu)娟妙，丹艧新鮮。塑佛(fo)(fo)中央，圖(tu)像四壁(bi)。保(bao)寧四年(nian)，又建櫥庫僧(seng)(seng)堂二(er)座(zuo)，俾爨(cuan)羞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)作也(ye)，賓旅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)歸(gui)也(ye)。乾(qian)亨(heng)二(er)年(nian)，加(jia)授(shou)紫衣載議，門迎廣陌，地處幽涼，虞生肇(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒見臨，顧講贊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)交闕，乃(nai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)僧(seng)(seng)室之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰，疊(die)磷磷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)，澮瑟(se)瑟(se)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泉(quan)。高(gao)(gao)廣數尋(xun)，駢(pian)羅(luo)萬樹，薙除(chu)沙礫(li)，俯就基(ji)坰。而又請邑(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)醵緡賂，四遠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最樂施者，如(ru)介(jie)甲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歸(gui)巨浸也(ye)。即乃(nai)市木靈嶠，采(cai)石(shi)煙巖，窮巾(jin)斧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功，極磨礱(long)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙，初心(xin)(xin)才啟，大(da)(da)廈攸成(cheng)。式(shi)導(dao)昏(hun)衢，彌光世德(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)(qi)堂也(ye)，保(bao)寧十(shi)(shi)年(nian)創(chuang)建，帶云(yun)川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渺渺，總遠岫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)峩峩。東(dong)觀(guan)種(zhong)玉(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田，西掞筑金之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)闕。蘭楹鏤彩(cai)，桂柱(zhu)凝(ning)丹，月入秋窗，風含夏戶。檐外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)杉松郁郁，檻前之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)煙水潺(chan)湲、所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)貴安(an)苾蒭(chu)僧(seng)(seng)，置狻(suan)猊(ni)座(zuo)，高(gao)(gao)談玉(yu)偈，然慧炬而絕煩(fan)惱薪；妙演金文，揮智刃而剖無(wu)明殼。長依(yi)佛(fo)(fo)住，永壓山門。對(dui)延靈鷲(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)峰，闡說瑜伽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨。此皆邑(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)等心(xin)(xin)猶慕(mu)善，志乃(nai)忘筌。知(zhi)浮生石(shi)火以難(nan)停，覺(jue)幻質風煙而易滅。各抽浄施，共構(gou)良因(yin)，即寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)希(xi)悟(wu)大(da)(da)德(de)(de)(de)激勸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)致也(ye)，緣(yuan)惠(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)被(bei)也(ye)。厥外，井有(you)(you)甘泉(quan)，地多(duo)(duo)腴壤，閑栽珍果，棋布蔬畦。清風起(qi)兮綠干香，細雨(yu)霽(ji)兮紅葵茂(mao)。載諒鴻(hong)基(ji)必葺，白足(zu)咸來，其(qi)(qi)供(gong)給之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)費，恒不闕于(yu)(yu)(yu)祇(zhi)贍者，大(da)(da)德(de)(de)(de)寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力辦也(ye)。蓋惟寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)德(de)(de)(de)，道(dao)洽空有(you)(you)，識洞幽明。全資(zi)化導(dao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)多(duo)(duo)方，以至圓成(cheng)於能事(shi)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)冀皇朝永安(an)神(shen)器矣，相國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長調(diao)鼎鼐(nai)矣，京尹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仁無(wu)秕稗(bai)矣，郡牧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信及竹童矣。一(yi)切含靈，同沾利樂；一(yi)切惑溺，并向真如(ru)。則(ze)寺(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)希(xi)悟(wu)慈(ci)悲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善口(kou)口(kou)也(ye)，修持之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行根本(ben)也(ye)。拒藏舟(zhou)不永，深谷翻高(gao)(gao)；爰述懿徽，俾雕翠琰。其(qi)(qi)邑(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)姓(xing)號，具(ju)列碑陰。

仲宣(xuan)靡(mi)職之歲，華構方(fang)成，命修(xiu)辭以敘之。敘之伊(yi)何？即為銘而(er)記之曰：峭壯靈峰，創興華宇(yu)。式(shi)開講肆，用陳(chen)法侶。物置多人，利圓(yuan)三寶。庶幾乎！作善之祥，傳名(ming)曠古(gu)。

統和五(wu)年歲(sui)次丁亥四月(yue)癸巳朔八(ba)日丙時建。　攝(she)始平(ping)軍(jun)節度(du)推(tui)官(guan)潘延素刻(ke)字(zi)，同刻(ke)字(zi)人李(li)緒。