生平經歷
早年經歷
建(jian)武元年(494年),蕭寶融受封為(wei)隨郡王,食邑二千戶(hu)。
建武三年(496年),蕭寶融擔任(ren)冠軍將(jiang)軍,兼領石頭戍軍事。
永泰元(yuan)年(498年),蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)的(de)(de)父(fu)親齊(qi)明(ming)帝(di)蕭(xiao)鸞去(qu)世,蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)的(de)(de)同母(mu)兄蕭(xiao)寶(bao)卷即(ji)位。
永元元年(nian)(499年(nian)),蕭(xiao)寶卷(juan)改(gai)封蕭(xiao)寶融為南康王(wang),并任命他為持(chi)節(jie),都(dou)督荊(jing)(jing)、雍(yong)、益(yi)、寧、梁、南秦(qin)、北秦(qin)七州(zhou)軍事,西中郎(lang)將,荊(jing)(jing)州(zhou)刺(ci)史。
勸進帝位
永元二(er)年(500年)十(shi)一(yi)月十(shi)八日,長史蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)穎胄殺(sha)輔國將(jiang)軍(jun)、巴西(xi)、梓潼二(er)郡太守劉(liu)山陽(yang),擁(yong)戴南康王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融舉義。十(shi)一(yi)月十(shi)九日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融對部下嚴格要求。又對部下說(shuo):“如(ru)今我親自率領(ling)晉陽(yang)的(de)軍(jun)隊前去翦(jian)除朝廷的(de)兇(xiong)孽(nie),現(xian)在(zai)戰事吃緊,我們應該對人(ren)們多施恩(en)惠,除了已判斬首之(zhi)刑的(de)以外,其余的(de)一(yi)概釋放。原來(lai)有(you)職務的(de),立(li)即恢(hui)復原職。將(jiang)吏提升(sheng)一(yi)級,現(xian)役(yi)人(ren)員有(you)家屬(shu)的(de),發(fa)給他們官糧(liang)。其他各種雜役(yi)人(ren)員現(xian)在(zai)各軍(jun)中作(zuo)戰士的(de),事成之(zhi)后,都寬(kuan)免為民(min)。有(you)關立(li)功獎賞等辦法(fa),再作(zuo)其他規定。”
十(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)雍州(zhou)刺(ci)史蕭衍(yan)為(wei)使(shi)持節(jie)、都督前鋒諸(zhu)軍(jun)(jun)事、左將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一日(ri),蕭寶(bao)融(rong)任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)蕭穎胄(zhou)為(wei)右將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、都督行留諸(zhu)軍(jun)(jun)事。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri),蕭衍(yan)等人上表勸請蕭寶(bao)融(rong)即(ji)皇(huang)帝位。十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri),群僚又上表進行勸進,蕭寶(bao)融(rong)都沒答應。十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)日(ri),驍騎將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)夏(xia)侯亶從京師來到江陵(ling),稱宣(xuan)(xuan)德太后有(you)令(ling):“西(xi)(xi)中郎(lang)將(jiang)、南(nan)(nan)康王蕭寶(bao)融(rong)宜(yi)繼承(cheng)大(da)統,登臨帝位。等待清初宮內之后,便可施行帝王的號令(ling),如(ru)今暫(zan)且(qie)晉封(feng)為(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)城、南(nan)(nan)瑯邪(xie)、南(nan)(nan)東海(hai)、東陽、臨海(hai)、新安、尋陽、南(nan)(nan)郡(jun)、竟(jing)陵(ling)、宜(yi)都十(shi)(shi)(shi)郡(jun)為(wei)宣(xuan)(xuan)城王,加封(feng)相國、荊州(zhou)牧,加黃皞,下面設置臣屬,遴選百官(guan),西(xi)(xi)中郎(lang)府和南(nan)(nan)康國保(bao)留原來建(jian)制。軍(jun)(jun)隊所經之處,附近主(zhu)管官(guan)長都必須依照舊典,備法(fa)駕奉迎。”
登基大赦
永(yong)元三年(501年)正月初十日(ri),蕭寶融(rong)正式接受稱(cheng)帝的建(jian)議,大赦(she)(she)天下,只有梅蟲兒(er)、茹法珍(zhen)不予赦(she)(she)免。任(ren)(ren)(ren)命右將(jiang)(jiang)軍蕭穎胄為(wei)左(zuo)長(chang)(chang)史(shi),晉封(feng)為(wei)鎮軍將(jiang)(jiang)軍。蕭衍(yan)晉封(feng)為(wei)征東將(jiang)(jiang)軍。正月,任(ren)(ren)(ren)命冠軍將(jiang)(jiang)軍楊公則為(wei)湘州(zhou)刺史(shi),在城南(nan)樹(shu)大旗(qi)幕府。二(er)月初一日(ri),任(ren)(ren)(ren)命冠軍長(chang)(chang)史(shi)王茂(mao)先為(wei)江(jiang)州(zhou)刺史(shi),冠軍將(jiang)(jiang)軍曹景宗為(wei)郢州(zhou)刺史(shi),右將(jiang)(jiang)軍、邵陵王蕭寶攸為(wei)荊(jing)州(zhou)刺史(shi)。二(er)月初五日(ri),群(qun)臣(chen)進(jin)上皇帝尊號,設立宗廟及南(nan)北郊(jiao)祭祠。二(er)月二(er)十日(ri),梁王蕭衍(yan)率大軍駐扎在沔口,郢州(zhou)刺史(shi)張(zhang)沖拒(ju)(ju)守。三月初三日(ri),張(zhang)沖死,驃騎將(jiang)(jiang)軍薛元嗣等固城拒(ju)(ju)守。
中(zhong)(zhong)興元(yuan)年(nian)(501年(nian))三月十(shi)一日(ri)(ri),蕭(xiao)寶融(rong)(rong)正式即皇帝位,大赦天下(xia),改元(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)興。文武官員賜位二(er)等;鰥寡孤獨(du)不能自養之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),每人(ren)賜給(gei)谷五斛(hu)。任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)相國(guo)長史(shi)(shi)蕭(xiao)穎胄(zhou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)尚書令(ling),晉安王蕭(xiao)寶義(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)司空,廬陵(ling)王蕭(xiao)寶夤為(wei)(wei)(wei)徐州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi),散騎常侍夏(xia)侯(hou)詳為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)領軍(jun),領軍(jun)將軍(jun)蕭(xiao)偉為(wei)(wei)(wei)雍(yong)州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)。三月十(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri),有(you)(you)關(guan)部門奏請(qing)封庶人(ren)蕭(xiao)寶卷為(wei)(wei)(wei)零陽侯(hou),蕭(xiao)寶融(rong)(rong)下(xia)詔不答應。又奏請(qing)封他為(wei)(wei)(wei)涪陵(ling)王,下(xia)詔許(xu)可。之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)尚書令(ling)蕭(xiao)穎胄(zhou)行荊(jing)(jing)州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi),假黃鉞(yue)。三月十(shi)八日(ri)(ri),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)征虜將軍(jun)柳惔為(wei)(wei)(wei)益、寧二(er)州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)。三月二(er)十(shi)五日(ri)(ri),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)冠(guan)軍(jun)將軍(jun)莊丘黑(hei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)梁、南(nan)秦二(er)州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi),冠(guan)軍(jun)將軍(jun)鄧元(yuan)起(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)廣州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)。四月初(chu)五日(ri)(ri),下(xia)詔說(shuo):“荊(jing)(jing)、雍(yong)是我(wo)(wo)們(men)當初(chu)舉義(yi)的根本所在,那里的有(you)(you)識(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)們(men)謀(mou)劃,精細之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)我(wo)(wo)們(men)出力(li),現在我(wo)(wo)們(men)應該對他們(men)進行獎賞,只要是跟(gen)隨我(wo)(wo)東征討伐朝中(zhong)(zhong)奸惡的,都(dou)要免除勞役。”
平定建康
中(zhong)(zhong)興元(yuan)年(501年)五(wu)(wu)(wu)月二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融(rong)來到竹(zhu)林寺禪房,宴會群臣。巴西(xi)(xi)太守魯休(xiu)烈(lie)、巴東(dong)太守蕭(xiao)(xiao)惠訓之(zhi)子(zi)蕭(xiao)(xiao)璝(gui)抗拒義師。七(qi)月,東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主帥吳子(zi)陽十(shi)(shi)三(san)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)救援郢(ying)州(zhou),兵駐加湖(hu)。七(qi)月初(chu)(chu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),被征虜將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)王(wang)(wang)茂先(xian)擊破(po)。七(qi)月十(shi)(shi)九日(ri),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)王(wang)(wang)茂先(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)護(hu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),魯山城(cheng)主將孫樂祖(zu)獻城(cheng)投(tou)降。七(qi)月二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)七(qi)日(ri),郢(ying)城(cheng)主將薛元(yuan)嗣投(tou)降。八月十(shi)(shi)四(si)日(ri),平(ping)西(xi)(xi)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)陳伯之(zhi)宣布投(tou)降。不久,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融(rong)任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)陳伯之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)江(jiang)州(zhou)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)史(shi),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)陳伯之(zhi)之(zhi)子(zi)陳虎(hu)牙(ya)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徐州(zhou)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)史(shi)。九月初(chu)(chu)四(si)日(ri),下(xia)詔令蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍如(ru)果平(ping)定京城(cheng),可以(yi)自行決斷處(chu)置,不必(bi)上奏請(qing)旨(zhi)。十(shi)(shi)一月初(chu)(chu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融(rong)任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)輔國將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)李元(yuan)履(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)豫(yu)州(zhou)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)史(shi)。十(shi)(shi)一月十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)日(ri),尚書(shu)(shu)令、鎮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)穎(ying)胄去世,任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)黃門郎蕭(xiao)(xiao)澹(dan)行荊州(zhou)府事(shi)。十(shi)(shi)一月二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)七(qi)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)璝(gui)、魯休(xiu)烈(lie)向齊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)投(tou)降。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月初(chu)(chu)六日(ri),齊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)平(ping)定建(jian)康城(cheng)。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月初(chu)(chu)九日(ri),皇太后(hou)下(xia)令任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大司(si)馬、錄尚書(shu)(shu)事(shi)、驃騎大將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、揚(yang)州(zhou)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)史(shi),并封他為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)建(jian)安郡公,比照晉武陵王(wang)(wang)司(si)馬遵的先(xian)例,承制總攬(lan)政(zheng)務(wu),文武百官向其致敬。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)日(ri),改封建(jian)安王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶夤為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鄱陽王(wang)(wang)。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月十(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)司(si)徒(tu)、揚(yang)州(zhou)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)史(shi)晉安王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶義為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太尉,領(ling)司(si)徒(tu)之(zhi)職。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月十(shi)(shi)四(si)日(ri),賞賜大司(si)馬蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍錢幣二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)千萬,布絹各五(wu)(wu)(wu)千匹。十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),任(ren)(ren)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)輔國將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)宏(hong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)護(hu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。
禪位被殺
中(zhong)興二年(502年)正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初九日(ri)(ri),宣德太后臨(lin)朝稱制(zhi),入居皇宮內殿。并且解除大(da)司馬(ma)蕭(xiao)衍的承制(zhi)。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初十(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命寧朔將軍(jun)蕭(xiao)昺(bing)監管南兗州。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)三日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命大(da)司馬(ma)蕭(xiao)衍為都督(du)中(zhong)外諸軍(jun)事,加(jia)殊禮(li)。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命大(da)司馬(ma)長史王(wang)亮為守尚書令(ling)。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二十(shi)(shi)五(wu)日(ri)(ri),詔令(ling)大(da)司馬(ma)蕭(xiao)衍進(jin)位相(xiang)國,總攝朝廷一切政務,并兼任(ren)揚州牧,封十(shi)(shi)郡為梁公(gong),配(pei)備九錫之(zhi)禮(li),加(jia)遠游冠,位在諸王(wang)上(shang),加(jia)相(xiang)國綠騑綬,此舉大(da)大(da)增加(jia)了蕭(xiao)衍的勢(shi)力。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)三十(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命新授(shou)職的右將軍(jun)曹景宗(zong)為郢州刺史。
二(er)(er)月(yue)初三(san)(san)(san)日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融誅殺湘東王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)晊。二(er)(er)月(yue)初九(jiu)日,下(xia)詔梁(liang)(liang)(liang)公蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍晉(jin)封為梁(liang)(liang)(liang)王(wang),增封十(shi)(shi)郡。三(san)(san)(san)月(yue)初七(qi)日,皇太后下(xia)令(ling)賜梁(liang)(liang)(liang)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍錢五(wu)百萬,布五(wu)千匹。三(san)(san)(san)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)日,鄱陽(yang)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)寅投奔北魏,誅殺邵陵王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)攸、晉(jin)熙(xi)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)嵩、桂陽(yang)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)貞(zhen)。之后命(ming)(ming)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍冠冕可用十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)旒,建天子(zi)旌旗,出行(xing)時警戒(jie)清(qing)道,禁止行(xing)人,乘金銀馬車,可駕六馬,其(qi)余形(xing)制也同(tong)天子(zi)一(yi)(yi)般,朝(chao)廷蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍一(yi)(yi)手遮天,朝(chao)廷大(da)權盡入(ru)他人之手。三(san)(san)(san)月(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)日,任命(ming)(ming)冠軍長史蕭(xiao)(xiao)秀為南徐州刺(ci)史,新授職的(de)中(zhong)領軍蔡道恭(gong)為司州刺(ci)史。蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融東回到姑熟。三(san)(san)(san)月(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融被迫禪位(wei)給梁(liang)(liang)(liang)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍,南朝(chao)齊滅亡。
四(si)月(yue)(yue)初三日,禪位(wei)詔書下達,皇太后(hou)退居外宮(gong)。四(si)月(yue)(yue)初九日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍封(feng)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)陵王,王宮(gong)設(she)在姑熟(shu),仍(reng)然使用(yong)齊(qi)朝的(de)(de)歷(li)法,一(yi)切照先(xian)例進行。當(dang)(dang)時,蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍想以南海郡為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)陵國,遷蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融前(qian)去居住,可是(shi),沈(shen)約卻對蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍說:“古今不(bu)(bu)同,當(dang)(dang)年魏(wei)武帝曹操曾(ceng)經說過:‘不(bu)(bu)可以慕虛名而(er)受(shou)實禍。’”蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍聽后(hou)點頭同意(yi),于四(si)月(yue)(yue)初十(shi)派遣親信鄭(zheng)伯禽到(dao)姑孰,把生金(jin)子給蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融,讓他吞下去,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融說:“我死(si)不(bu)(bu)須(xu)用(yong)金(jin)子,有醇酒(jiu)就足夠。”于是(shi),就給他飲酒(jiu),喝的(de)(de)爛醉(zui),鄭(zheng)伯禽上(shang)前(qian)將(jiang)其殺(sha)死(si)。時年十(shi)五歲。追(zhui)謚為(wei)(wei)齊(qi)和帝,葬于恭安(an)陵。巴(ba)陵王爵位(wei)由其兄長蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)義繼承。
歷史評價
蕭子顯《南齊書》:“和(he)帝晚隆,掃難清(qing)宮。達(da)機睹(du)運,高(gao)頌永終。”