內(nei)蒙古卡(ka)魯奔國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園位于大興安嶺北部西坡的得(de)耳布爾(er)林業局生態功能區內(nei),距局址(zhi)55公(gong)里(li),由(you)額爾(er)古納河(he)一級支(zhi)(zhi)流——得(de)耳布爾(er)河(he)流域及其(qi)四(si)條支(zhi)(zhi)流兩側發育的沼澤(ze)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)和卡(ka)魯奔山(shan)林共(gong)同組(zu)成。地(di)(di)理坐標(biao):東(dong)經120°42'4.90"-120°29'16.14",北緯50°37'27.93"-50°47'16.14",東(dong)西長(chang)14.93公(gong)里(li),南(nan)北寬(kuan)18.61公(gong)里(li),規劃區總(zong)面積(ji)6773.42公(gong)頃。 規劃區內(nei)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)面積(ji)5587.22公(gong)頃,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)率(lv)為82.49%。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)類型分為河(he)流濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)和沼澤(ze)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)2大類,永久性河(he)流、草本沼澤(ze)、灌叢沼澤(ze)和森(sen)林沼澤(ze)4個小類。
濕地公園內河流、沼澤、灌叢(cong)和森林(lin)、山(shan)地、丘(qiu)陵、河谷(gu)交錯分布,濕地生態系(xi)統完(wan)整,生物多樣性(xing)在這(zhe)里(li)得(de)到充(chong)分體(ti)現。有高等(deng)植(zhi)物93科216屬491種,有脊椎動(dong)物22目51科189種。
濕(shi)地(di)公園處于國家水(shui)源涵養(yang)重(zhong)要生態(tai)(tai)功能區,是(shi)寒溫帶(dai)(dai)針葉(xie)林向呼倫貝(bei)爾草(cao)原的過渡帶(dai)(dai),擔負著額(e)爾古(gu)納河水(shui)源補給(gei)和水(shui)生態(tai)(tai)安全的重(zhong)任(ren),是(shi)呼倫貝(bei)爾大(da)草(cao)原重(zhong)要的生態(tai)(tai)安全屏障。
卡(ka)魯奔(ben)山,鄂倫春語為(wei)“有寶(bao)藏的(de)地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)”,海拔(ba)1400米,位于(yu)內蒙古(gu)大興安嶺(ling)得(de)耳布爾林(lin)(lin)業局康達(da)嶺(ling)林(lin)(lin)場生態(tai)功能區三(san)干線45公(gong)里處(chu)(chu),距(ju)(ju)拉布達(da)林(lin)(lin)、室韋公(gong)路(lu)20公(gong)里,距(ju)(ju)局址55公(gong)里,地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)草地(di)(di)(di)與森林(lin)(lin)過渡(du)帶(dai),地(di)(di)(di)貌條件分為(wei)高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)邊緣山地(di)(di)(di)森林(lin)(lin)草甸景(jing)(jing)觀、高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)森林(lin)(lin)草原(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)觀和山地(di)(di)(di)森林(lin)(lin)草原(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)觀,物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)的(de)遞變明顯。自然景(jing)(jing)觀高(gao)低(di)錯落有致,濕地(di)(di)(di)、河(he)流分布均勻,珍稀物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)及野生動物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類繁(fan)多。