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具體位置

黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)濕地國家級自然保護(hu)區(qu)位于黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)中游(you)(you)，跨甘(gan)州、臨澤、高(gao)(gao)臺三(san)(san)縣(xian)區(qu)，范圍在東(dong)經99°19′21″-100°34′48″，北緯38°57′54″-39°52′30″之間，保護(hu)區(qu)沿(yan)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)中游(you)(you)干流(liu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道(dao)分布，東(dong)自甘(gan)州區(qu)三(san)(san)閘鎮(zhen)新建(jian)村起，向西經高(gao)(gao)臺縣(xian)羅城(cheng)鄉鹽池灘至黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)正義峽出(chu)界(jie)(jie)處；北自黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)正義峽出(chu)界(jie)(jie)處起，沿(yan)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)干流(liu)北岸、山丹河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道(dao)至甘(gan)州區(qu)紅沙窩國有(you)林場；南自甘(gan)州區(qu)三(san)(san)閘鎮(zhen)東(dong)泉(quan)村起，沿(yan)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)干流(liu)南岸，經甘(gan)州區(qu)沙井鎮(zhen)興隆村、臨澤大沙河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)至五泉(quan)國有(you)林場，沿(yan)大沙河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)道(dao)與黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)干流(liu)南岸，至肅南裕(yu)固族自治縣(xian)和(he)高(gao)(gao)臺縣(xian)交界(jie)(jie)處。

保護區(qu)總面積(ji)41164.56公(gong)頃(qing)，其中核(he)心(xin)區(qu)13640.01公(gong)頃(qing)，緩沖區(qu)12531.21公(gong)頃(qing)，實驗區(qu)14993.34公(gong)頃(qing)，三個功能區(qu)基本各占(zhan)1/3。保護區(qu)屬(shu)“自(zi)然生態(tai)系統(tong)(tong)類”“內陸濕地(di)(di)和(he)水域生態(tai)系統(tong)(tong)類型”。其主要(yao)保護對象(xiang)為我國西北典型內陸河流濕地(di)(di)和(he)水域生態(tai)系統(tong)(tong)及(ji)生物多樣性；以黑鸛為代表的濕地(di)(di)珍禽(qin)及(ji)鳥類遷徙(xi)重要(yao)通道和(he)棲息地(di)(di)；黑河中下游重要(yao)的水源(yuan)涵養地(di)(di)和(he)水生動植物生境；西北荒漠區(qu)的綠洲(zhou)植被及(ji)典型的內陸河流自(zi)然景觀。

保(bao)護區處在河(he)西走廊中(zhong)段(duan)、青(qing)藏高原和(he)蒙新高原的(de)過渡(du)地(di)(di)帶，區域狹長，地(di)(di)理位置獨(du)特，生物(wu)多(duo)樣性突出，由內陸山地(di)(di)-荒漠-綠(lv)洲三(san)個子系統(tong)構成復合系統(tong)，典型性和(he)代(dai)表性明顯，在西北荒漠地(di)(di)區非(fei)常珍貴(gui)和(he)稀有。保(bao)護區主體地(di)(di)貌(mao)為(wei)河(he)谷平(ping)(ping)原，海拔1200—1500米(mi)，呈條帶狀分布(bu)。北部為(wei)戈(ge)壁平(ping)(ping)原鄰近(jin)巴丹吉林沙漠，南部為(wei)祁連(lian)山荒漠戈(ge)壁。

濕地資源

張掖(ye)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)兩大類(lei)(lei)4個(ge)(ge)類(lei)(lei)型13個(ge)(ge)類(lei)(lei)別，總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)210420.42hm，占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的5.02%。其中(zhong)天(tian)然濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)包(bao)括永久性河(he)流、季節(jie)性河(he)流、泛洪平原濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、永久性淡水湖(hu)、季節(jie)性淡水湖(hu)、草本沼(zhao)澤、高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、灌叢濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、內陸鹽沼(zhao)9個(ge)(ge)類(lei)(lei)別，面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)199709.97hm，占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的94.9%；人工濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)包(bao)括池塘(tang)、灌溉渠系及稻田、蓄(xu)水區、鹽田4個(ge)(ge)類(lei)(lei)別，面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)10710.45hm，占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的5.1%。在天(tian)然濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)，其中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)113678.68hm，占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的54.02%；河(he)流濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)58110.95hm，占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的27.62%；冰川濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)40008.08hm，占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的19.01%。按(an)行政區域統計，肅南(nan)縣、高(gao)(gao)臺(tai)縣、臨澤縣、山(shan)(shan)丹縣、民樂縣、甘州(zhou)區濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)別為(wei)155100.1hm、17450hm、10822.2hm、10256.9hm、11652.68hm和5139.14hm，分(fen)別占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的73.71%、8.29%、5.14%、4.87%、5.54%和2.44%。

濕地動植物資源

黑河(he)流(liu)域(yu)地域(yu)遼闊，森林、草原(yuan)、冰川、河(he)流(liu)、水域(yu)分布廣(guang)泛(fan)，動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)資源較(jiao)為豐富(fu)。高等植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)84科399屬(shu)(shu)1044種(zhong)，屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)二(er)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)有(you)星葉(xie)草、冬蟲夏草等，屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)三級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)有(you)肉蓯蓉(rong)、蒙古扁桃(tao)、桃(tao)兒七、裸果木等。陸(lu)棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)229種(zhong)，占全省(sheng)陸(lu)棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)659種(zhong)的(de)24.78%，屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)類保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)有(you)藏野(ye)(ye)驢、雪豹、野(ye)(ye)牦牛(niu)、白(bai)唇鹿、馬(ma)(ma)麝、黑鸛、遺鷗等16種(zhong)，屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)家(jia)二(er)類保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)有(you)馬(ma)(ma)鹿、盤羊(yang)(yang)、巖(yan)羊(yang)(yang)、草原(yuan)雕、藍馬(ma)(ma)雞(ji)、大天鵝、小天鵝、灰鶴(he)等44種(zhong)。

保護(hu)區(qu)位于我(wo)國候鳥三(san)大遷徙途徑西(xi)部路線的(de)(de)中(zhong)段,地(di)表水(shui)與地(di)下水(shui)的(de)(de)反復交(jiao)替,形(xing)成了(le)境內湖泊(bo)、沼澤、灘涂星羅棋(qi)布,生(sheng)物多樣性豐富(fu),喜濕植物茂盛的(de)(de)內陸(lu)干旱區(qu)獨特的(de)(de)濕地(di)生(sheng)態系(xi)統,為野生(sheng)鳥類(lei)(lei)繁衍生(sheng)息創造了(le)得(de)天(tian)獨厚的(de)(de)條件(jian),是春(chun)秋兩季(ji)大量候鳥停歇嬉戲的(de)(de)天(tian)堂。有國家I級保護(hu)鳥類(lei)(lei)黑鸛Ciconia nigra、玉(yu)帶海雕Haliaeetusleucoryphus、白尾海雕Haliaeetusalbicilla等4種(zhong),國家Ⅱ級保護(hu)鳥類(lei)(lei)大天(tian)鵝Cygnus Cygnus、小天(tian)鵝Cygnuscolunbianus、鶚Pandion haliaetus、灰鶴Grus grus等18種(zhong),國家“三(san)有”鳥類(lei)(lei)60余種(zhong)途經這里。

歷程

張掖(ye)(ye)黑河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)始(shi)建于1992年，原名(ming)“高(gao)臺(tai)縣黑河流域自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)”，2004年經甘肅省人民政府批準成立“甘肅高(gao)臺(tai)黑河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)省級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)”，2011年4月經國務院批準晉升為國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，更名(ming)為“張掖(ye)(ye)黑河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)”，其管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機構為“張掖(ye)(ye)黑河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)”。管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)直(zhi)(zhi)屬于張掖(ye)(ye)市人民政府管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，下設(she)高(gao)臺(tai)、甘州(zhou)、臨澤三個分(fen)局(ju)，其中高(gao)臺(tai)分(fen)局(ju)下設(she)羅城(cheng)、合黎、黑泉(quan)管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)(hu)站(zhan)(zhan)，臨澤分(fen)局(ju)下設(she)平川、鴨暖管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)(hu)站(zhan)(zhan)，甘州(zhou)分(fen)局(ju)下設(she)烏江、城(cheng)郊管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)(hu)站(zhan)(zhan)和(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公園管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)處，實行局(ju)、分(fen)局(ju)、管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)(hu)站(zhan)(zhan)三級(ji)垂直(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)內部(bu)機構設(she)辦公室、資源保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)科(ke)、資源開發科(ke)、公安派出所、生(sheng)態(tai)臨測(ce)站(zhan)(zhan)、管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)(hu)總站(zhan)(zhan)等。

保(bao)護(hu)區的建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)符合國(guo)家(jia)生態文明建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)可(ke)持續發展要求，符合甘肅和(he)張(zhang)(zhang)掖經(jing)濟社(she)會發展與生態環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)中長期規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)，先后委托蘭州大(da)學編制完(wan)成了《甘肅張(zhang)(zhang)掖黑河(he)濕(shi)地(di)自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區綜合科(ke)學考察報告》，委托南京環(huan)境科(ke)學研(yan)究所編制了《甘肅張(zhang)(zhang)掖黑河(he)濕(shi)地(di)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區總(zong)體規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》《甘肅張(zhang)(zhang)掖黑河(he)濕(shi)地(di)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)可(ke)行(xing)性(xing)研(yan)究報告》。《總(zong)體規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)》規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)年限20年，規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)投(tou)資10.2億元，計劃(hua)(hua)進行(xing)黑河(he)濕(shi)地(di)保(bao)護(hu)與恢復、基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、科(ke)研(yan)監測、宣傳(chuan)(chuan)教育(yu)、生態旅游等項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。《自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)可(ke)行(xing)性(xing)研(yan)究報告》計劃(hua)(hua)在2011年至2013年總(zong)投(tou)資3905.58萬(wan)元，主要建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)管護(hu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)、科(ke)研(yan)監測設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)、宣傳(chuan)(chuan)教育(yu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)，完(wan)成修繕工程，開展綜合科(ke)學考察，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立地(di)理信息系(xi)統(tong)和(he)生物多樣性(xing)數據庫。

戰略地位

甘肅張掖黑(hei)河(he)濕地(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級自然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)建(jian)設和發展(zhan)事(shi)關甘、青、蒙三省(sheng)區(qu)乃至我國(guo)(guo)(guo)北方地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)生態屏障，事(shi)關國(guo)(guo)(guo)家航(hang)天事(shi)業和國(guo)(guo)(guo)防建(jian)設。保護(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)建(jian)立，在(zai)涵養(yang)水(shui)源、調(diao)節氣候、凈化(hua)水(shui)質(zhi)、防風固沙、減輕(qing)沙塵(chen)暴危害、阻止巴丹吉林沙漠南侵，特別(bie)是在(zai)維(wei)系黑(hei)河(he)流域經濟(ji)社會可持(chi)續發展(zhan)、阻斷京津(jin)地(di)區(qu)西路沙塵(chen)，確保完(wan)成國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院確定的(de)(de)下游(you)年分水(shui)指標，維(wei)護(hu)區(qu)域生態安全等方面(mian)有極(ji)其重(zhong)要的(de)(de)作用。

中(zhong)國黑河流(liu)域（張掖）濕地保護工程，對于維護國土(tu)生態安全，保護生物多(duo)樣性、改善區域生態環境和(he)維系流(liu)域綠洲生態安全都具(ju)有(you)特(te)殊的戰(zhan)略意義。

張掖(ye)黑河(he)濕地國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)級自(zi)然(ran)保護區的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)立，將黑河(he)濕地保護和(he)(he)地方發(fa)展目標上升和(he)(he)融入了國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)戰(zhan)略，使(shi)張掖(ye)真正成為坐落(luo)在(zai)祁(qi)連山(shan)和(he)(he)黑河(he)濕地兩個國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)級自(zi)然(ran)保護區之中(zhong)的(de)(de)城市，由此張掖(ye)經濟(ji)社會發(fa)展的(de)(de)背景、環境、條件和(he)(he)整(zheng)體功能(neng)發(fa)生了根本性變(bian)化，張掖(ye)在(zai)全(quan)省的(de)(de)區域發(fa)展戰(zhan)略中(zhong)分工和(he)(he)布局更為清(qing)晰，特(te)色更為鮮明，也進一(yi)步印證(zheng)了張掖(ye)“生態(tai)安(an)(an)全(quan)屏障(zhang)、立體交通(tong)樞紐、經濟(ji)通(tong)道(dao)”戰(zhan)略定位的(de)(de)準確性，使(shi)生態(tai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)、現代(dai)農業(ye)和(he)(he)通(tong)道(dao)經濟(ji)三項重點更為突出，必將贏得更多發(fa)展機遇和(he)(he)更大(da)發(fa)展空間(jian)。同時，張掖(ye)市積極順應(ying)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)建(jian)(jian)設(she)生態(tai)安(an)(an)全(quan)屏障(zhang)的(de)(de)時代(dai)要(yao)求，把國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)利益與(yu)自(zi)身的(de)(de)特(te)色緊(jin)密結合(he)，堅持(chi)“南(nan)保青(qing)龍(long)、北鎖黃龍(long)、中(zhong)建(jian)(jian)綠洲(zhou)生態(tai)城市”，以(yi)此保護和(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)設(she)生態(tai)環境，推動綠洲(zhou)經濟(ji)社會可持(chi)續發(fa)展。

張掖發展

(一(yi))以生態(tai)建設(she)為重點(dian)建設(she)生態(tai)文(wen)明城(cheng)市。張掖的生態(tai)建設(she)集中表現為南部祁連山水源涵養區的保(bao)護、中部綠洲的優化(hua)保(bao)護和北部荒漠戈壁的防護治(zhi)理，這(zhe)三個部分是一(yi)個自(zi)然系統，其經濟(ji)社會發展活動絕不可超越(yue)這(zhe)個系統的承載閾值。積(ji)極順應(ying)國(guo)家(jia)建設(she)生態(tai)安全屏障的時代要(yao)求，把國(guo)家(jia)利益與張掖的特(te)色、“三農”工作的特(te)點(dian)緊密結合。

南部，積極推進祁連山國家級自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區和(he)(he)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)補償試驗區建(jian)設，加強冰川、森林(lin)(lin)、草(cao)(cao)原、濕地保(bao)(bao)護，實施退耕還林(lin)(lin)、退牧還草(cao)(cao)、人(ren)工(gong)造林(lin)(lin)、封(feng)山育林(lin)(lin)(草(cao)(cao))等生態(tai)(tai)(tai)恢復(fu)和(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)護工(gong)程，探索和(he)(he)運(yun)用生態(tai)(tai)(tai)補償機制，逐步將(jiang)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區核心(xin)區的農(nong)牧民轉(zhuan)(zhuan)為生態(tai)(tai)(tai)管護人(ren)員，發展生態(tai)(tai)(tai)旅游，加快緩(huan)沖區農(nong)村勞動(dong)力轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移，最大(da)限度地減少人(ren)為破壞，提高(gao)水源(yuan)涵(han)養(yang)能(neng)力。

北(bei)部，加快實施“三北(bei)”防(fang)護(hu)(hu)林(lin)、防(fang)沙(sha)(sha)治沙(sha)(sha)等(deng)工程，構筑北(bei)部荒(huang)漠區“綠(lv)色(se)長(chang)城”，阻擋(dang)風沙(sha)(sha)南侵，保護(hu)(hu)綠(lv)洲安全。

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)綠(lv)(lv)洲，我(wo)國(guo)第(di)二(er)大(da)(da)內陸河(he)(he)(he)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)橫穿全(quan)境，孕育了(le)(le)(le)河(he)(he)(he)西走廊最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)洲帶――張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)掖綠(lv)(lv)洲。這是(shi)(shi)一(yi)道(dao)(dao)遏(e)制巴(ba)丹吉(ji)林沙漠南(nan)(nan)侵、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)祁連山水(shui)源涵養(yang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)天然生(sheng)(sheng)態屏障(zhang)，是(shi)(shi)古絲綢之(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)線，是(shi)(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)掖經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會發展(zhan)的(de)(de)集聚區(qu)(qu)(qu)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態最(zui)為敏感的(de)(de)脆弱區(qu)(qu)(qu)。首(shou)先申(shen)請(qing)建立了(le)(le)(le)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)掖黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，把整個長300公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)的(de)(de)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)流域(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)全(quan)部(bu)納入了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，使(shi)其(qi)成(cheng)為國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)戰略性的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態公(gong)(gong)(gong)益項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，得到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)支持(chi)，全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)六個縣(xian)(區(qu)(qu)(qu))也(ye)因此全(quan)部(bu)成(cheng)為國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態補(bu)償縣(xian)(區(qu)(qu)(qu))。以(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)態建設(she)(she)引領城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)，把實施(shi)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)流域(yu)綜合治(zhi)(zhi)理、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)緊密結(jie)合，使(shi)黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)流域(yu)兩岸的(de)(de)甘州(zhou)、臨澤(ze)、高臺三縣(xian)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)別具(ju)一(yi)格，宜居(ju)(ju)宜游的(de)(de)田園般生(sheng)(sheng)態城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)正在應運而(er)生(sheng)(sheng)。特(te)(te)別是(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)府(fu)所(suo)在地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)甘州(zhou)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，以(yi)(yi)歷史文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)名城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)“1+5”的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)框架(jia)(jia)已全(quan)面形成(cheng)。老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)古跡，打造歷史文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)名城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，建設(she)(she)以(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)佛(fo)寺文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)廣(guang)場為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)傳承(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)，拆除了(le)(le)(le)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)掖賓(bin)館(guan)歸(gui)還于大(da)(da)佛(fo)寺，搬遷區(qu)(qu)(qu)委(wei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)讓位于博物館(guan)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)館(guan)、圖書館(guan)等文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)，更加凸現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)名城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)風(feng)韻。在老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)北(bei)，設(she)(she)立循(xun)(xun)(xun)環經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)園區(qu)(qu)(qu)，為發展(zhan)通道(dao)(dao)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)資源轉(zhuan)化(hua)、建設(she)(she)循(xun)(xun)(xun)環工業(ye)(ye)(ye)加工項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)提供宜商宜業(ye)(ye)(ye)平臺。在循(xun)(xun)(xun)環經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)園區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)間，恢復了(le)(le)(le)3萬(wan)畝天然濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)，建成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)離(li)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)近、面積最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園。依托國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園，借黑(hei)(hei)河(he)(he)(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，治(zhi)(zhi)理亂墳崗、采(cai)砂場，建設(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)20平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)水(shui)天一(yi)色的(de)(de)濱河(he)(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。在老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)，建設(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)20平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)的(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)綠(lv)(lv)洲現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)試(shi)驗(yan)示(shi)范園區(qu)(qu)(qu)。緊靠綠(lv)(lv)洲現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)試(shi)驗(yan)示(shi)范園區(qu)(qu)(qu)，將原有(you)(you)20平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)的(de)(de)沙漠沙丘(qiu)正努力建設(she)(she)為離(li)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)近的(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)沙漠地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園。如此，著力彰顯著“濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”、“戈壁水(shui)鄉(xiang)”的(de)(de)獨(du)特(te)(te)魅力，使(shi)新(xin)(xin)老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)諧共生(sheng)(sheng)，古韻新(xin)(xin)風(feng)交相(xiang)輝(hui)映(ying)，人(ren)與(yu)自然和(he)諧相(xiang)處，形成(cheng)以(yi)(yi)老(lao)(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)歷史文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)名城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)，西有(you)(you)濱河(he)(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，北(bei)有(you)(you)循(xun)(xun)(xun)環經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)園區(qu)(qu)(qu)，南(nan)(nan)有(you)(you)綠(lv)(lv)洲現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)試(shi)驗(yan)示(shi)范園區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)沙漠地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間有(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園為屏障(zhang)的(de)(de)5個新(xin)(xin)型(xing)功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)(qu)集成(cheng)的(de)(de)“1+5”的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)框架(jia)(jia)，從(cong)而(er)把城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)與(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、歷史與(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)、人(ren)與(yu)自然、空間布局與(yu)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構有(you)(you)機統(tong)籌起來，構成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)宜居(ju)(ju)宜游宜商、更宜人(ren)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)。

(二)以生(sheng)(sheng)產綠(lv)色農(nong)(nong)產品為(wei)重(zhong)點建(jian)設現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)大(da)市。水(shui)是張(zhang)掖綠(lv)洲經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)要素(su)。農(nong)(nong)業(ye)灌(guan)溉用水(shui)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)用水(shui)在(zai)沙漠戈(ge)壁之中(zhong)是一(yi)(yi)對(dui)天然的(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾。因此，尋(xun)求(qiu)(qiu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)平衡點，則成為(wei)必須要面對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個科學(xue)而現實的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)問題。這樣，客觀要求(qiu)(qiu)必須發(fa)展(zhan)節水(shui)、高效(xiao)(xiao)、綠(lv)色的(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)，改變用水(shui)方式，把節約的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)還(huan)給自然、還(huan)給生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)，把發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護相(xiang)(xiang)統一(yi)(yi)，把張(zhang)掖的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方要求(qiu)(qiu)與(yu)國家(jia)建(jian)設生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安全屏障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)相(xiang)(xiang)統一(yi)(yi)。為(wei)此，與(yu)中(zhong)國科學(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)國農(nong)(nong)科院(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)(yi)道發(fa)起舉辦(ban)了(le)“綠(lv)洲論壇”，以求(qiu)(qiu)指導張(zhang)掖在(zai)流域系(xi)統內，積極探索建(jian)立(li)統籌生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)建(jian)設與(yu)現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)相(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)相(xiang)(xiang)伴的(de)(de)(de)(de)耦合(he)體(ti)系(xi)，使區域內以水(shui)為(wei)主線的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)經(jing)濟(ji)系(xi)統在(zai)更(geng)高層次上實現協調發(fa)展(zhan)，從而步入生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)越(yue)好→農(nong)(nong)產品質量越(yue)優→農(nong)(nong)業(ye)綜合(he)效(xiao)(xiao)益越(yue)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)良性循環。

按(an)照“多采光、少用水、節省地(di)、高效(xiao)益(yi)”的(de)要求，結(jie)合黑河濕地(di)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級自然保護區(qu)的(de)建(jian)設，以節水、生態、高效(xiao)為主要特征，大(da)力發(fa)展制種、肉牛(niu)、釀酒葡(pu)萄、馬鈴薯、番茄(qie)等特色優(you)勢產業(ye)，就會在國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)戰略(lve)的(de)推動下，加(jia)快張(zhang)掖向(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)強市邁進的(de)步伐。與(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)科院合作共建(jian)了(le)“張(zhang)掖綠洲現(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)試驗(yan)示(shi)范園區(qu)”，現(xian)已(yi)成為全國(guo)(guo)(guo)首(shou)批、甘肅唯一的(de)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級現(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)示(shi)范區(qu)”。把現(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)試驗(yan)示(shi)范區(qu)建(jian)設同農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)動力技能(neng)培訓結(jie)合起來，已(yi)連續3年(nian)實(shi)施30萬(wan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)動力技能(neng)培訓工程，近20萬(wan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)動力素質技能(neng)得到較大(da)提升，形成了(le)“前引后推”的(de)發(fa)展格局(ju)，為現(xian)代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)的(de)深入推進奠定了(le)基礎(chu)、創造了(le)條件。

(三)以(yi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)經(jing)濟為重點建設服務型(xing)特(te)色(se)城(cheng)(cheng)市。加快(kuai)改善以(yi)交通(tong)(tong)為重點的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎設施建設，積(ji)極(ji)打通(tong)(tong)省際“斷頭(tou)路”，擴大(da)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)截面，構建“暢通(tong)(tong)張掖(ye)(ye)”。通(tong)(tong)過打通(tong)(tong)南(nan)至青(qing)海(hai)祁連(lian)縣的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，改造北(bei)至內(nei)蒙阿右(you)旗的(de)(de)(de)(de)公路，使現(xian)有通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)承東(dong)啟西的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用發(fa)揮得更(geng)充分，覆蓋的(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍更(geng)廣，成為連(lian)接青(qing)藏高原(yuan)和內(nei)蒙古高原(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)經(jing)濟，必(bi)須得有豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟流。積(ji)極(ji)推(tui)動區域(yu)(yu)旅(lv)游(you)(you)產業合作(zuo)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，南(nan)與(yu)青(qing)海(hai)門源、祁連(lian)縣的(de)(de)(de)(de)生態旅(lv)游(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)結盟，北(bei)與(yu)內(nei)蒙古阿右(you)旗沙(sha)漠旅(lv)游(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)聯(lian)合，東(dong)西與(yu)絲綢之路文化旅(lv)游(you)(you)相(xiang)(xiang)銜接，打造區域(yu)(yu)旅(lv)游(you)(you)精品線路，建設游(you)(you)客服務中(zhong)心，形成無障(zhang)礙旅(lv)游(you)(you)協作(zuo)區，把張掖(ye)(ye)打造成“七彩丹霞(xia)、濕地之城(cheng)(cheng)、裕固(gu)家園(yuan)、戈壁水鄉”的(de)(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)游(you)(you)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)地和區域(yu)(yu)性中(zhong)心旅(lv)游(you)(you)城(cheng)(cheng)市。

與張(zhang)掖(ye)接壤(rang)的(de)(de)南北兩大(da)高(gao)原都是資源富集區，但要將(jiang)資源優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)經(jing)濟優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，必(bi)然要借助于(yu)河西走廊的(de)(de)交(jiao)通(tong)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。張(zhang)掖(ye)市生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)、發(fa)展水平、公共(gong)保障(zhang)能力相對較好，具有宜(yi)居、宜(yi)游、宜(yi)學、宜(yi)行、宜(yi)醫、宜(yi)商、宜(yi)業(ye)的(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，將(jiang)這些(xie)優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充分發(fa)揮出(chu)來，與青海(hai)、內蒙等(deng)周(zhou)邊省區的(de)(de)相鄰縣區共(gong)建(jian)張(zhang)掖(ye)經(jing)濟技術(shu)開發(fa)區，在(zai)幫助把資源優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)經(jing)濟優(you)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)過程中(zhong)發(fa)展自己。樹立在(zai)為(wei)人服(fu)務(wu)中(zhong)發(fa)展自己、在(zai)給人以(yi)便利中(zhong)發(fa)展自己的(de)(de)理念，建(jian)設服(fu)務(wu)型政府，優(you)化(hua)(hua)通(tong)道軟硬環(huan)境(jing)，完善服(fu)務(wu)功能，創造(zao)良好的(de)(de)人文環(huan)境(jing)、法制環(huan)境(jing)，使(shi)各(ge)類(lei)生(sheng)產要素的(de)(de)聚(ju)集流動更加活躍和通(tong)暢(chang)，加快通(tong)道經(jing)濟發(fa)展。

與(yu)生態(tai)建設(she)(she)、現代農(nong)業和通(tong)道經(jing)濟三(san)項工作重點(dian)相對應(ying)，張掖(ye)的奮斗(dou)目標就是(shi)建設(she)(she)生態(tai)文明(ming)大市(shi)、現代農(nong)業大市(shi)、通(tong)道經(jing)濟特色市(shi)。張掖(ye)本身(shen)又是(shi)一個多民族聚居的地(di)區(qu)(qu)，南北兩(liang)邊(bian)都與(yu)民族地(di)區(qu)(qu)接壤，不(bu)論是(shi)維護自身(shen)團結穩定(ding)，還是(shi)發展(zhan)(zhan)通(tong)道經(jing)濟，客觀上要求必(bi)須加(jia)強民族團結，維護民族地(di)區(qu)(qu)的和諧穩定(ding)與(yu)發展(zhan)(zhan)。所以，建設(she)(she)民族團結進步市(shi)也就成為張掖(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)的應(ying)有目標之(zhi)一。