大(da)路口山芋結薯(shu)(shu)早而特別集中,無(wu)“跑(pao)邊”,極易(yi)收刨。薯(shu)(shu)塊(kuai)多(duo)而勻(yun),表皮光潔(jie),薯(shu)(shu)塊(kuai)紡(fang)錘形,皮色深紅,肉色特白,曬干(gan)率36%-38%。而且含(han)有大(da)量可溶(rong)性糖、多(duo)種(zhong)纖維素(su)和多(duo)種(zhong)氨基(ji)酸及礦物質等營(ying)(ying)養元素(su)。口感細軟(ruan),綿(mian)甜香糯,營(ying)(ying)養價值(zhi)近(jin)似于土豆,又不(bu)含(han)龍葵素(su),易(yi)于消化(hua)而不(bu)會引(yin)起中毒,是一種(zhong)很好的(de)堿(jian)性食物。大(da)路口山芋所含(han)的(de)礦物質中,氟的(de)含(han)量較高(gao),具有潔(jie)齒防(fang)齲、保護牙齒的(de)作(zuo)用。
大路口山芋(yu)在泗縣(xian)(xian)種(zhong)植已有300多年(nian)歷史。據(ju)《泗縣(xian)(xian)志》記載:康(kang)熙十(shi)九年(nian)(1680)黃河奪(duo)淮入海,由于受(shou)封(feng)建土(tu)地所有制的(de)束縛,加上水(shui)、旱災害頻仍,農業生產(chan)水(shui)平低下(xia),糧食(shi)產(chan)量低而(er)不穩,靠(kao)天吃飯的(de)泗縣(xian)(xian)勞苦農民(min)頗為(wei)喜植抗旱耐(nai)瘠、適應性廣的(de)高產(chan)地瓜(gua),可生吃熟食(shi),可切(qie)瓜(gua)曬干長年(nian)備饑荒,還可磨粉(fen)灘煎餅、烤地瓜(gua)、作面食(shi)。
清末、民(min)國時期,農民(min)以高梁、紅(hong)薯為(wei)主(zhu)食,特別是抗日戰爭時期地瓜成為(wei)主(zhu)要充(chong)饑物。
建國(guo)初期,山芋作為泗(si)縣人用來裹腹的(de)主要糧食。
泗縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)部有(you)由(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)向(xiang)西南走(zou)向(xiang)的(de)間斷島狀殘山丘陵,基巖出露,海(hai)拔50-157米(mi)(mi),繼(ji)續延伸55千(qian)米(mi)(mi),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)48平方千(qian)米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2.7%。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南部是由(you)(you)北(bei)向(xiang)南走(zou)向(xiang)的(de)剝蝕堆積(ji)(ji),山麓發育,起伏不(bu)平的(de)裙狀斜(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian),海(hai)拔20-38米(mi)(mi),坡降(jiang)3-5度(du),延伸29千(qian)米(mi)(mi),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)114平方千(qian)米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)6.4%。北(bei)部是古(gu)黃河泛濫堆積(ji)(ji)構成的(de)沖積(ji)(ji)平原,由(you)(you)西北(bei)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南略傾(qing)斜(xie),海(hai)拔18-21米(mi)(mi),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)1140平方千(qian)米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)63.8%。其余是河間平原,地勢平坦,海(hai)拔14-16米(mi)(mi),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)485平方千(qian)米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)27.1%。總(zong)觀(guan)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian),南北(bei)高(gao)差8米(mi)(mi),東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西高(gao)差3米(mi)(mi),自然坡降(jiang)1:7500-1:10000。縣(xian)(xian)北(bei)西高(gao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)低,溝河之水皆(jie)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)流(liu);縣(xian)(xian)南由(you)(you)西北(bei)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南傾(qing)斜(xie),溝河之水向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南流(liu);東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南部由(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西傾(qing)斜(xie),溝洫(xu)之水由(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西流(liu)入石梁河。
泗(si)(si)縣(xian)境內(nei)大屬(shu)暖(nuan)溫帶半溫潤季風(feng)氣候。年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數(shu)為(wei)2284-2495小時,日(ri)照(zhao)率52%-57%,年(nian)氣溫14℃,年(nian)均無(wu)霜期200-220天(tian),年(nian)均降水(shui)量800-930毫米(mi),雨季降水(shui)量占全年(nian)的56%。泗(si)(si)縣(xian)水(shui)、土(tu)、光、熱資源豐富,加之(zhi)秋(qiu)季晝夜(ye)溫差較(jiao)大,非常(chang)適(shi)宜山(shan)芋(yu)生長。
截至2017年(nian)底,泗縣境內山(shan)芋種(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)30多萬畝(mu),繁育基(ji)地有(you)500畝(mu),山(shan)芋年(nian)產量(liang)約12億公斤,年(nian)產值超(chao)10億元。建有(you)山(shan)芋種(zhong)(zhong)薯(shu)研(yan)發(fa)中心和山(shan)芋種(zhong)(zhong)薯(shu)儲藏窖。
2009年(nian)8月,泗縣(xian)被中國(guo)特產協會命名(ming)為“中國(guo)山芋之鄉”。
2018年3月(yue),大路口山(shan)芋功獲批國(guo)家地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)保護產品(pin)稱號。