四川銅(tong)梁(liang)安(an)居(ju)鄉(今(jin)重慶市(shi)銅(tong)梁(liang)縣安(an)居(ju)鎮)人,清(qing)朝(chao)大臣(chen)、著(zhu)名詩(shi)人王恕(shu)的幼(you)子。王恕(shu)(1682~1742),字中安(an),號樓(lou)山(shan),世稱(cheng)樓(lou)山(shan)先生,著(zhu)有《樓(lou)山(shan)詩(shi)集》。王恕(shu)是康熙六(liu)十年(nian)進士,歷任廣西道御史、兵(bing)部給事(shi)中、江(jiang)安(an)督糧參議(yi)、廣東按(an)察使、福建巡撫,為(wei)官清(qing)廉,為(wei)人正直。王汝(ru)璧二(er)歲時,王恕(shu)卒于江(jiang)蘇(su)布(bu)政使任上。王汝(ru)璧幼(you)年(nian)生活(huo)貧(pin)苦,與母親相依為(wei)命。
乾(qian)隆二十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(1760),入贅于浙江嘉興(xing)的外舅父、刑(xing)部尚書、江南(nan)大(da)儒錢陳群(qun)(qun)家(jia),得到錢陳群(qun)(qun)、江南(nan)名士(shi)沈德潛的指導。錢陳群(qun)(qun)每覽其(qi)文,嘆曰:“老夫(fu)弱(ruo)冠時未能(neng)如是”。
乾(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)二十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1762)四川(chuan)鄉試(shi)解元(yuan),乾(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)三(san)(san)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1766年(nian)(nian)(nian))進士,授吏(li)部(bu)(bu)主事。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)三(san)(san)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1771)任員(yuan)外郎。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)四十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1775)四月,升禮部(bu)(bu)郎中,八(ba)月,補(bu)(bu)吏(li)部(bu)(bu)郎中。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)四十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1783)八(ba)月,授直隸順德府知(zhi)府,次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)調保定知(zhi)府。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)五十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1790),因承審建(jian)昌縣(xian)盜匪馬十(shi)等行劫(jie)錢鋪一案,以汝璧于劫(jie)盜重索拖延時間(jian)較久(jiu)(jiu),未(wei)親自(zi)審問,命(ming)解任質訊(xun),旋經革職,發往(wang)軍臺效力。不久(jiu)(jiu)皇上準其贖(shu)罪,降補(bu)(bu)同知(zhi)。
乾(qian)隆(long)五十六年(1791),任(ren)直隸宣化府(fu)同知(zhi)(zhi),乾(qian)隆(long)五十八年(1793)三月(yue)調任(ren)正定府(fu)知(zhi)(zhi)府(fu)。九月(yue),升大名(ming)道。嘉(jia)慶四年(1799)二月(yue),升山東按察(cha)使(shi)(shi)。十月(yue),偕布政使(shi)(shi)全保,參奏德平縣(xian)(xian)知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)葉芳,浮收漕(cao)糧,醞成重案(an),請(qing)(qing)將知(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)革職,并自請(qing)(qing)處分。
嘉(jia)慶五年(nian)(1800)調(diao)江蘇布(bu)政使,次年(nian)十(shi)二月,授(shou)安(an)徽(hui)巡撫(fu)。嘉(jia)慶七年(nian)(1802)湖(hu)廣總(zong)督吳熊光等奏(zou)湖(hu)廣需軍(jun)米(mi),請于安(an)徽(hui)糴十(shi)萬石,嘉(jia)慶帝以安(an)徽(hui)方缺雨,令酌量。王(wang)汝璧以“軍(jun)需要事,當如數撥運”奏(zou),獲允。又太湖(hu)為災,嘉(jia)慶帝令督撫(fu)查辦(ban)災賑(zhen),其屬吏查辦(ban)不(bu)辦(ban),督撫(fu)往(wang)往(wang)回(hui)護(hu)之而置小民疾苦不(bu)顧,獨王(wang)汝璧據實參奏(zou),甚獲贊賞。
嘉(jia)慶八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1803),以王(wang)汝(ru)璧年(nian)(nian)(nian)力就衰(shuai),召回(hui)京(jing)授內閣學士兼禮部侍(shi)郎銜。十(shi)二月授禮部右(you)(you)侍(shi)郎,不(bu)久又任安徽巡(xun)撫。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)二月,授兵(bing)部左侍(shi)郎,嘉(jia)慶十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1805)升調刑部右(you)(you)侍(shi)郎。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏,奉(feng)命出使(shi)河南,途(tu)中酷暑,致雙目失明,因(yin)病乞休(xiu),次(ci)年(nian)(nian)(nian)卒于京(jing)邸,葬于錢(qian)塘小湖(hu)山。
喜為文,尤工(gong)詩(shi)(shi)詞(ci)。詩(shi)(shi)宗(zong)韓孟,詞(ci)擬豪放,格高意遠,為蜀大宗(zong)。著有(you)《銅梁山人集》、《易林》、《注漢(han)書考(kao)證(zheng)》、《夏小正傳考(kao)》、《星象勾股(gu)》數十(shi)(shi)卷,《脂玉詞(ci)》、《蓮果詞(ci)》二(er)卷。《國朝全蜀詩(shi)(shi)鈔》錄其(qi)詩(shi)(shi)三百二(er)十(shi)(shi)首(shou),《全清(qing)(qing)詞(ci)鈔》錄其(qi)詞(ci)二(er)首(shou)。《清(qing)(qing)史稿》、《四(si)川通志》有(you)傳。
李載(zai)園出示《張柳門(編修)[檢討]詩鈔》漫題一首
我本巴岳后生者,后生又見堂堂張。新詩一卷兩卷在(zai)人口,字字如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)出玉(yu)樓仙吏之錦囊。或(huo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)蓮花發(fa)玉(yu)井,或(huo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)劍氣凌太行。或(huo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)窮鬼在(zai)一搏,或(huo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)神女游三(san)湘。想其下(xia)筆雷雨疾,滿空(kong)飛舞龍象夔羵(fen)羊。有時雙鳥鳴且翔(xiang),三(san)千年上高頡(jie)頏。有時作雨鬼,眼珠(zhu)黝活騰精光(guang)。
我(wo)(wo)(wo)愛其人不得見,長蛇(she)生馬(ma)神飛揚。安得將子置(zhi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)傍,酌(zhuo)以葡萄金卮(zhi)之酒同評量。從來蛟螭容(rong)易雜螻蚓,蛉窮偏喜(xi)來昌陽。神仙足官(guan)府,何必僧道(dao)裝(zhuang)?丈(zhang)夫(fu)茍一心,奚(xi)事箕帚同帷房(詩(shi)中有題(ti)如此)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)不得已刪其題(ti)自留(liu)詞章,乃令(ling)不類俳優倡(chang)。然后盧(lu)同走,馬(ma)異僵,任華(hua)拜,劉叉降。左輯韓子嬰,右請毛公萇(chang)。彈琴鼓瑟吹笙簧(huang)。屈宋揚馬(ma)皆循墻,我(wo)(wo)(wo)言戲耳(er)君休狂。既(ji)和(he)且平(ping)婉(wan)以莊,進(jin)乎技矣真堂堂。