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基本介紹

鳳橋鎮地(di)處杭嘉湖平原腹地(di)，屬亞(ya)熱帶濕潤區，四(si)季分明(ming)，水(shui)熱同步(bu)，光熱同季。年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)15.7℃，極端(duan)最高溫(wen)39.4℃，最低溫(wen)-9.3℃，平均(jun)無霜期為240天；年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)降雨量(liang)1167.5毫(hao)米(mi)；年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照時數(shu)平均(jun)在2018小時；光能資源豐(feng)富(fu)，年(nian)(nian)太陽總輻射量(liang)在105.8-113.5千卡／平方(fang)厘米(mi)之間。光、溫(wen)、水(shui)等(deng)條件均(jun)能滿(man)足水(shui)蜜桃生長、發(fa)育的要(yao)求。土(tu)(tu)壤以(yi)水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)為主，海拔高4.2米(mi)，pH在5.5-6.5之間，有機質含量(liang)豐(feng)富(fu)。

地域產地

嘉興市南湖(hu)區(qu)鳳橋鎮(zhen)所轄鳳橋社區(qu)、新篁社區(qu)、大星(xing)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、聯豐(feng)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、新民村(cun)(cun)(cun)、永紅村(cun)(cun)(cun)、星(xing)火村(cun)(cun)(cun)、三星(xing)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、陳良(liang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、茜柳村(cun)(cun)(cun)、棲(qi)檉(cheng)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、莊(zhuang)史村(cun)(cun)(cun)共計12個(ge)行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)（社區(qu)）。地理坐標為東經120°48′20″～120°56′59″，北(bei)緯30°37′03″～30°42′21″

品質特點

鳳橋水(shui)蜜桃色、香、味俱佳，果大(da)皮薄，色澤艷麗，皮易剝，肉(rou)質細軟，纖維較少，汁液甚多(duo)，味甜芳香，可(ke)(ke)溶性固形物大(da)于(yu)等于(yu)12%，可(ke)(ke)滴定酸小于(yu)等于(yu)0.25%。

生產情況

園地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)鳳橋水(shui)蜜桃(tao)(tao)園地(di)(di)需(xu)選擇排(pai)(pai)水(shui)良(liang)好，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)沃，地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)位(wei)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)，地(di)(di)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)塊，且總體(ti)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)農產品(pin)產地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)條(tiao)(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇與苗(miao)木：選擇湖(hu)景蜜露、白鳳、遲(chi)(chi)玉露等(deng)優質(zhi)(zhi)抗病品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。采用(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)根(gen)(gen)瘤病、根(gen)(gen)系(xi)較(jiao)(jiao)發(fa)達、側(ce)(ce)根(gen)(gen)粗(cu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)、嫁(jia)接(jie)部(bu)(bu)愈合(he)(he)(he)程度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)好、苗(miao)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)飽滿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)(zhi)苗(miao)木。土(tu)(tu)層和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)：選擇排(pai)(pai)水(shui)良(liang)好，土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)(shen)(shen)厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)應符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)無(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)害(hai)農產品(pin)產地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)條(tiao)(tiao)件要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)pH值(zhi)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)pH值(zhi)5.5—6.5時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)最佳。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)寬80—100厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)30—40厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，壟(long)高(gao)(gao)30-60厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)畝(mu)栽(zai)(zai)35株桃(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)計，每(mei)畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)1750公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，磷肥(fei)35公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間：選用(yong)(yong)良(liang)好壯(zhuang)(zhuang)苗(miao)，從秋冬11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)年春(chun)天(tian)(tian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)發(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)前均(jun)(jun)可(ke)(ke)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，但(dan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春(chun)節(jie)前種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)完畢為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)，春(chun)季(ji)(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)應宜(yi)早(zao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)遲(chi)(chi)。 定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度(du)：根(gen)(gen)據(ju)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)、地(di)(di)形(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)管理(li)水(shui)平綜合(he)(he)(he)考慮，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)株行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)距(ju)4×5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術：幼苗(miao)需(xu)解除薄膜，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)根(gen)(gen)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)1—2厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嫁(jia)接(jie)口(kou)需(xu)露出(chu)土(tu)(tu)面(mian)，澆透清水(shui)。深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻改(gai)土(tu)(tu)：最好在(zai)(zai)(zai)建園時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全園深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)改(gai)良(liang)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)秋冬季(ji)(ji)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)處向(xiang)外(wai)(wai)，里淺外(wai)(wai)深(shen)(shen)(shen)，里面(mian)深(shen)(shen)(shen)約(yue)10—15厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)外(wai)(wai)圍(wei)20—30厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕除草：及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕，疏(shu)松土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)除去(qu)雜草，但(dan)應防止(zhi)傷(shang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)新(xin)(xin)根(gen)(gen)。改(gai)良(liang)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)：增(zeng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)料(liao)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)綠肥(fei)或(huo)(huo)矮(ai)干(gan)作物，利(li)用(yong)(yong)雜草（生(sheng)(sheng)、養(yang)(yang)、鋪(pu)、埋草等(deng)），增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)養(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)，助長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)根(gen)(gen)系(xi)發(fa)育，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)地(di)(di)上(shang)(shang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。基肥(fei)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)肥(fei)料(liao)，占全年施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)70%—80%，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)秋季(ji)(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)，基肥(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，并須加(jia)(jia)(jia)適量(liang)(liang)(liang)磷肥(fei)，高(gao)(gao)產桃(tao)(tao)園每(mei)畝(mu)應施(shi)(shi)(shi)腐熟(shu)廄肥(fei)1500公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)或(huo)(huo)菜餅150公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，過(guo)(guo)(guo)磷酸鈣50公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。原(yuan)則(ze)上(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)持一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)肥(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平。芽(ya)(ya)(ya)前肥(fei)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)氮(dan)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)因(yin)(yin)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)弱(ruo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)基肥(fei)用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同而(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)，若(ruo)基肥(fei)已施(shi)(shi)(shi)足，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)又偏(pian)旺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)少施(shi)(shi)(shi)或(huo)(huo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)；反(fan)之(zhi)宜(yi)多施(shi)(shi)(shi)，畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素(su)10公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。壯(zhuang)(zhuang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鉀為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)硫酸鉀30公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，三(san)元(yuan)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)30公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，對樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)弱(ruo)、結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)桃(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)還必(bi)(bi)須在(zai)(zai)(zai)采前20天(tian)(tian)左右(you)(you)增(zeng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)采果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。采后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)肥(fei)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)氮(dan)肥(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，對養(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)消耗多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弱(ruo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，每(mei)畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素(su)10公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。開(kai)(kai)溝(gou)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)：桃(tao)(tao)園積水(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)溝(gou)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)。灌溉抗旱：果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實膨長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)若(ruo)遇干(gan)旱，應及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)灌溉。樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)：三(san)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自然開(kai)(kai)心(xin)形(xing)或(huo)(huo)兩主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自然開(kai)(kai)心(xin)形(xing)。樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構：全樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高(gao)(gao)度(du)維(wei)持2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右(you)(you),干(gan)高(gao)(gao)45—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，有(you)(you)(you)2—3個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，各(ge)占一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)位(wei)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)張角度(du)50°左右(you)(you)，1—3級(ji)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)50—60厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右(you)(you)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)距(ju)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)50—60厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)處，選留(liu)(liu)(liu)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配1—2個(ge)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)側(ce)(ce)面(mian)，二(er)(er)(er)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)間距(ju)離在(zai)(zai)(zai)50厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，開(kai)(kai)張角度(du)60—75°左右(you)(you)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)當(dang)年于(yu)45—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)干(gan)，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口(kou)下(xia)(xia)20厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右(you)(you)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)帶應有(you)(you)(you)5—6個(ge)健壯(zhuang)(zhuang)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)：定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年，4—5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)選留(liu)(liu)(liu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)(qiang)，方(fang)位(wei)角較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)逐(zhu)步培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)三(san)大(da)(da)(da)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)余新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)疏(shu)除，冬季(ji)(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延(yan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)留(liu)(liu)(liu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)度(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)50—60厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)，可(ke)(ke)留(liu)(liu)(liu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)100厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右(you)(you)。副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)年，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)距(ju)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)50—60厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)處選側(ce)(ce)生(sheng)(sheng)強(qiang)(qiang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)拉(la)(la)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)張角度(du)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)成(cheng)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，冬季(ji)(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)輕剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)，并及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)回縮(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，注意副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)應低(di)(di)于(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)(bao)持從屬關系(xi)。結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)，選留(liu)(liu)(liu)著生(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，位(wei)置適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，左、右(you)(you)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采用(yong)(yong)多次(ci)(ci)短(duan)截(jie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)摘心(xin)來培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)對側(ce)(ce)生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采用(yong)(yong)先放(fang)(fang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)縮(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)在(zai)(zai)(zai)30—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)配置一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)(zhi)萌芽(ya)(ya)(ya)前均(jun)(jun)可(ke)(ke)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，而(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)(zhi)春(chun)節(jie)前進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)方(fang)法：采用(yong)(yong)短(duan)截(jie)與疏(shu)刪(shan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)回縮(suo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)拉(la)(la)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)。結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：選留(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)充實中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，約(yue)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)；中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)除疏(shu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)密(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)不(bu)(bu)(bu)短(duan)截(jie)；短(duan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)短(duan)截(jie)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)每(mei)隔(ge)10厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右(you)(you)保(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)1枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。留(liu)(liu)(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)：根(gen)(gen)據(ju)立地(di)(di)條(tiao)(tiao)件、管理(li)水(shui)平、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)齡、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)等(deng)而(er)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。 生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)花(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)復剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：花(hua)謝(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)（4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)）要(yao)(yao)立即疏(shu)去(qu)無(wu)(wu)葉(xie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、回縮(suo)細弱(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、空(kong)(kong)檔枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)冬季(ji)(ji)漏(lou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)減(jian)少營養(yang)(yang)消耗。除萌抹芽(ya)(ya)(ya)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)抹去(qu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口(kou)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭芽(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)膛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)，可(ke)(ke)減(jian)少無(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)，改(gai)善(shan)(shan)光(guang)照，節(jie)省養(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，促(cu)使(shi)(shi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)健壯(zhuang)(zhuang)，并可(ke)(ke)減(jian)少冬季(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)疏(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)傷(shang)口(kou)。疏(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)疏(shu)去(qu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)密(mi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)健壯(zhuang)(zhuang)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)布均(jun)(jun)勻。6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)將(jiang)(jiang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)上(shang)(shang)方(fang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)外(wai)(wai)圍(wei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)多強(qiang)(qiang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)直(zhi)立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)去(qu)，改(gai)善(shan)(shan)光(guang)照，防止(zhi)內(nei)(nei)膛枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)枯死。扭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)至(zhi)(zhi)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)，新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)尚(shang)未木質(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，將(jiang)(jiang)直(zhi)立徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)性(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)高(gao)(gao)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)基部(bu)(bu)3—5芽(ya)(ya)(ya)處，朝空(kong)(kong)隙方(fang)向(xiang)扭轉90°，使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)改(gai)造(zao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。摘心(xin)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)將(jiang)(jiang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旺、周圍(wei)又較(jiao)(jiao)空(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)(liu)6—8芽(ya)(ya)(ya)摘心(xin)，使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)抽(chou)發(fa)2次(ci)(ci)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)成(cheng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，或(huo)(huo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)(shao)木質(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)摘除其(qi)(qi)(qi)先端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)段(duan)嫩枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)暫(zan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)停止(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，促(cu)使(shi)(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)充實，花(hua)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)飽滿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。拉(la)(la)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)5—6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)開(kai)(kai)張主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基角和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)腰角進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)拉(la)(la)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)9—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)對當(dang)年抽(chou)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)性(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)拉(la)(la)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)成(cheng)副(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、大(da)(da)(da)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)梢(shao)(shao)：第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)至(zhi)(zhi)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)對有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)空(kong)(kong)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)重短(duan)截(jie)，使(shi)(shi)抽(chou)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)成(cheng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)8—9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)對徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)梢(shao)(shao)，削弱(ruo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，改(gai)善(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)照，防止(zhi)內(nei)(nei)膛枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)枯死，促(cu)使(shi)(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)飽滿。挪(nuo)(nuo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)—9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)將(jiang)(jiang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)外(wai)(wai)圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)性(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)挪(nuo)(nuo)傷(shang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)傷(shang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)筋骨而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)度(du)，開(kai)(kai)張外(wai)(wai)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)，緩(huan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，改(gai)善(shan)(shan)光(guang)照，經過(guo)(guo)(guo)挪(nuo)(nuo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)，冬季(ji)(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)采取(qu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)或(huo)(huo)圈枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，進(jin)(jin)而(er)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)成(cheng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，擴大(da)(da)(da)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)。幼齡樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)任務是整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)形(xing)，擴大(da)(da)(da)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)，緩(huan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，提早(zao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。應掌握因(yin)(yin)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)作形(xing)，先亂后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)理(li)，輕剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)，擴大(da)(da)(da)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)，采取(qu)冬季(ji)(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)，充分(fen)(fen)(fen)利(li)用(yong)(yong)夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法，加(jia)(jia)(jia)速樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)擴大(da)(da)(da)，調整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)前期(qi)(qi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)任務是調節(jie)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)與結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾，既要(yao)(yao)擴大(da)(da)(da)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)，又要(yao)(yao)控制樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)，應掌握大(da)(da)(da)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少而(er)精，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多而(er)勻，從屬要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)明，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)放(fang)(fang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)短(duan)截(jie)，延(yan)緩(huan)壽命(ming)多結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)。衰老(lao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)任務加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，維(wei)持一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)，應掌握回縮(suo)更新(xin)(xin)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)補缺(que)，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，提高(gao)(gao)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)應分(fen)(fen)(fen)二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)花(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)25—30天(tian)(tian)（4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)底(di)—5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初），大(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)能(neng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)，疏(shu)去(qu)僵(jiang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸形(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并生(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)病蟲果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，留(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、短(duan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)6—10只(zhi)、4—5只(zhi)、2—3只(zhi)，第(di)(di)二(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)也(ye)稱定(ding)(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)套(tao)袋(dai)前（5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)—6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)）留(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)性(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)3—5只(zhi)（或(huo)(huo)每(mei)間隔(ge)15厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右(you)(you)留(liu)(liu)(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)只(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2只(zhi)，短(duan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1只(zhi)或(huo)(huo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)，并根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，肥(fei)水(shui)條(tiao)(tiao)件以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氣候等(deng)因(yin)(yin)素(su)靈活(huo)掌握疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程度(du)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)基本結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)束時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)）進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，套(tao)袋(dai)過(guo)(guo)(guo)早(zao)會增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)落(luo)(luo)袋(dai)率，過(guo)(guo)(guo)遲(chi)(chi)會失(shi)去(qu)套(tao)袋(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，必(bi)(bi)須用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)袋(dai)套(tao)袋(dai),紅(hong)暈多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)套(tao)黃色(se)袋(dai)，紅(hong)暈少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)套(tao)白色(se)袋(dai)，早(zao)熟(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)套(tao)袋(dai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、晚熟(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)必(bi)(bi)須套(tao)袋(dai)。套(tao)袋(dai)前須進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)病蟲害(hai)防治，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)針對褐腐病、炭疽病、梨小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)食心(xin)蟲及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)蚜蟲。可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)80%代森(sen)錳鋅500倍+22%春(chun)雷霉(mei)素(su)600倍+40%啶蟲脒1500倍。