楊(yang)(yang)梅為較耐寒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常綠果樹(shu),即使天氣(qi)驟寒乍暖(nuan)也無(wu)霜凍現象(xiang),特(te)別適(shi)合亞熱帶海洋性氣(qi)候(hou)。喜土(tu)層深厚(hou)、土(tu)質(zhi)松軟、排水(shui)良好,富石礫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)礫泥或黃(huang)泥砂(sha)土(tu),pH值4.5~5.5最(zui)宜(yi)(yi)。耐陰忌曬,要求年(nian)降雨量在1300㎜以上,年(nian)均溫(wen)15~20℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)。花芽(ya)分化期在20~25℃為宜(yi)(yi)。楊(yang)(yang)梅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)栽植地應選擇(ze)土(tu)層深厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙質(zhi)赤(chi)紅壤(rang)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)坡地,坡向以正南、東南或西南為宜(yi)(yi)。金庭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)、水(shui)溫(wen)和降雨量都特(te)別適(shi)合楊(yang)(yang)梅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長。
西山楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)夏至上市,小暑落市,為(wei)初夏時令佳品(pin)。民間有“枇杷落市,楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)上街”,“夏至楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)滿山紅,小暑楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)要(yao)生(sheng)蟲”的(de)(de)說法。西山楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)人工種(zhong)植已(yi)有1000多(duo)(duo)年的(de)(de)歷史,最先系野生(sheng)樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong),后山林(lin)被砍伐墾殖(zhi)(zhi),楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)以其(qi)果實甜酸適口而(er)被保(bao)留下來,經(jing)逐代人工培育,變(bian)為(wei)家生(sheng),蔚然成林(lin)。楊(yang)(yang)梅(mei)樹(shu)(shu)喜溫暖、濕潤(run),畏盛(sheng)夏烈日(ri)直(zhi)射;管理(li)較(jiao)(jiao)簡單,施肥及(ji)勻果不普遍,耐寒,少病蟲害,繁殖(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)靠嫁接。壽命較(jiao)(jiao)長,百年老樹(shu)(shu)隨處可(ke)見(jian),枝干蒼老遒勁,渦動相連,樹(shu)(shu)體高(gao)大,四季長青,既是重要(yao)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟果樹(shu)(shu),又是優良的(de)(de)觀(guan)賞樹(shu)(shu)種(zhong),堪稱(cheng)天然的(de)(de)巨型盆景。
西山(shan)(shan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植楊(yang)梅(mei)歷史久,覆蓋廣,產量(liang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。民間有(you)“東(dong)山(shan)(shan)枇杷,西山(shan)(shan)楊(yang)梅(mei)”的(de)(de)說法。西山(shan)(shan)楊(yang)梅(mei)歷史上有(you)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)個(ge)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):早紅、大(da)葉(xie)細蒂、小葉(xie)細蒂、烏(wu)梅(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、石家(jia)(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、綠(lv)萌頭(tou)、荔枝頭(tou)、浪蕩(dang)子(zi)、螞(ma)蟻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等。近(jin)幾年(nian)還(huan)引進了一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)——東(dong)魁,但數量(liang)不(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。目前,以(yi)(yi)烏(wu)梅(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和浪蕩(dang)子(zi)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)出名。烏(wu)梅(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)(qi)優點(dian)是果(guo)(guo)形大(da)、肉(rou)質松、汁水(shui)(shui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)、味道甜(tian),為(wei)(wei)(wei)食客們所青睞。其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei):不(bu)(bu)易存放(fang)(一(yi)(yi)(yi)般放(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian),最多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)兩天(tian)(tian)),一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦遇上雨天(tian)(tian),容易落下(xia),且(qie)易發霉。浪蕩(dang)子(zi),果(guo)(guo)形大(da)、肉(rou)質緊、汁水(shui)(shui)甜(tian),存放(fang)時(shi)間相對長一(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)(一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可放(fang)三天(tian)(tian)),經得(de)(de)(de)起顛簸(bo)。不(bu)(bu)足(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei):不(bu)(bu)到(dao)熟透期入口甜(tian)性差(cha)。烏(wu)梅(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成熟時(shi),黑得(de)(de)(de)發紫發亮,為(wei)(wei)(wei)最佳(jia)食期。黑過了頭(tou),變得(de)(de)(de)暗淡(dan)了,就不(bu)(bu)好吃(chi)了。浪蕩(dang)子(zi)成熟時(shi)黑得(de)(de)(de)如鍋,越黑越甜(tian),其(qi)(qi)價格比烏(wu)梅(mei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)貴得(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)。最近(jin)幾年(nian)已經遠銷東(dong)南亞一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai),每顆(ke)計(ji)以(yi)(yi)8元人民幣。這樣(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)好的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),真不(bu)(bu)知它怎么會得(de)(de)(de)了一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)不(bu)(bu)雅的(de)(de)名號?值得(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)提的(de)(de)是引進的(de)(de)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)——東(dong)魁。此品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)形大(da),一(yi)(yi)(yi)如乒乓球大(da)小,有(you)香味濃(nong)、汁水(shui)(shui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)、易保管、經得(de)(de)(de)起顛簸(bo)等特點(dian)。楊(yang)梅(mei)最怕(pa)風(feng)雨,成熟時(shi),如果(guo)(guo)遇上一(yi)(yi)(yi)場大(da)雨一(yi)(yi)(yi)陣狂風(feng)的(de)(de)話,就全落在(zai)地上了落在(zai)地上的(de)(de)楊(yang)梅(mei)只能做(zuo)楊(yang)梅(mei)干了。楊(yang)梅(mei)具有(you)舒胃(wei)、通腸的(de)(de)作用。別的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)果(guo)(guo),多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)吃(chi)了會厭倦,但楊(yang)梅(mei)不(bu)(bu)會,吃(chi)了還(huan)想吃(chi)。即(ji)使(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)吃(chi)得(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)了,也不(bu)(bu)會吃(chi)壞肚皮。楊(yang)梅(mei)浸酒,是止腹瀉(xie)的(de)(de)良藥(yao)。西山(shan)(shan)楊(yang)梅(mei)以(yi)(yi)黃家(jia)(jia)堡、樟塢、嶺東(dong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)優。
西(xi)山楊梅(mei)品種約計在15個以上,主要有(you)大(da)(da)葉(xie)細蒂(di)、小(xiao)(xiao)葉(xie)細蒂(di)、烏(wu)梅(mei)種、石家種、浪蕩子等。大(da)(da)葉(xie)細蒂(di)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)開放,樹(shu)干粗(cu)壯,枝條彎曲,節間較(jiao)短,樹(shu)冠較(jiao)密,葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)、深(shen)綠色(se)(se),寬披針形(xing)(xing),質軟(ruan),果形(xing)(xing)大(da)(da),深(shen)紫紅色(se)(se),果柄長而細;小(xiao)(xiao)葉(xie)細蒂(di)樹(shu)姿(zi)較(jiao)直立,葉(xie)質較(jiao)硬,果形(xing)(xing)大(da)(da),深(shen)紫紅色(se)(se),肉柱尖,成熟(shu)后圓鈍(dun),大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)不勻;烏(wu)梅(mei)種,樹(shu)性(xing)強健(jian),枝干緊密,果形(xing)(xing)大(da)(da),深(shen)紫黑色(se)(se),果柄粗(cu)而短,蒂(di)部有(you)突起物。
“太湖綠”是由蘇州(zhou)西(xi)山國(guo)家(jia)現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)示范園區(qu)有(you)限(xian)(xian)責(ze)任公(gong)司(si)于(yu)2001年6月(yue)經(jing)國(guo)家(jia)商標(biao)(biao)局(ju)注冊批(pi)(pi)準的(de)(de)商標(biao)(biao),并(bing)于(yu)2003年、2006年連續兩次(ci)被工(gong)商局(ju)評為(wei)江蘇省(sheng)著(zhu)名(ming)商標(biao)(biao)。蘇州(zhou)西(xi)山國(guo)家(jia)現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)示范園區(qu)有(you)限(xian)(xian)責(ze)任公(gong)司(si)(下稱“園區(qu)”)是經(jing)國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綜合(he)開(kai)發辦批(pi)(pi)準的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)示范園區(qu),其(qi)有(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)是他的(de)(de)管理、開(kai)發主(zhu)體,致力于(yu)現代(dai)(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye),綠色農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)。對(dui)西(xi)山的(de)(de)傳統農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)資源進行開(kai)發,整合(he)枇杷(pa)、楊梅(mei)、板(ban)栗(li)、銀(yin)杏等果品。為(wei)發展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye),在市場(chang)經(jing)濟中走(zou)出(chu)一(yi)條(tiao)新的(de)(de)道路,帶(dai)領(ling)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民致富,為(wei)此創立(li)了“太湖綠”------一(yi)個(ge)嶄新的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)品牌(pai)。“太湖綠”商標(biao)(biao)主(zhu)要(yao)在本單位生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)新鮮蔬菜(黃(huang)瓜、番茄(qie)、彩色甜(tian)椒(jiao)等)、水果(枇杷(pa)、楊梅(mei)、板(ban)栗(li)、銀(yin)杏、草莓、石榴等)上使用。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)太湖綠枇杷(pa)、楊梅(mei)、板(ban)栗(li)、銀(yin)杏等通過國(guo)家(jia)級無(wu)公(gong)害農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品認證(zheng),市場(chang)供不(bu)應求,已(yi)有(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)知名(ming)度,其(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品先后被評為(wei)蘇州(zhou)名(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品,獲得第三屆江蘇省(sheng)特優農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品博覽(lan)會最佳產(chan)(chan)(chan)品獎(jiang)。