一.產品介紹
沂(yi)源花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)歷史悠久(jiu),據《沂(yi)源縣志(zhi)》記(ji)載:清朝末年(nian)(nian)(nian)開始種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),迄今已有(you)(you)(you)100多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)的歷史,大張莊(zhuang)、黃莊(zhuang)、張家坡等鄉(鎮)為(wei)主(zhu)要產(chan)地(di),其他砂質地(di)帶都有(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。沂(yi)源花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)是當地(di)的主(zhu)要油料作物和經濟作物,歷史以(yi)來農民就有(you)(you)(you)喜歡(huan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)的傳統習(xi)慣。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)播種(zhong)(zhong)3.2萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)播種(zhong)(zhong)面積7.7萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后受“以(yi)糧為(wei)綱(gang)”的影響(xiang),到1961年(nian)(nian)(nian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)面積減壓2萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。1970年(nian)(nian)(nian)恢復到3.2萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)起(qi),種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)結構得到調整,花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)面積再度擴大,產(chan)量(liang)逐步提高。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)播種(zhong)(zhong)5.39萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)播種(zhong)(zhong)4.78萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。到目(mu)前每年(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)5萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)畝(mu)(mu)。專業(ye)合作社成(cheng)員,有(you)(you)(you)4個花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)品(pin)認證為(wei)有(you)(you)(you)機食(shi)品(pin),國(guo)家級有(you)(you)(you)機花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)6000畝(mu)(mu)。
二.自然(ran)生態環境和人文(wen)歷(li)史(shi)因素
沂(yi)源縣地(di)(di)處(chu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)的中(zhong)部,淄博市最(zui)(zui)南(nan)端,屬(shu)沂(yi)蒙山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),因沂(yi)河發(fa)源地(di)(di)而得(de)名。地(di)(di)理(li)坐標:東(dong)經117°48'~118°31',北緯35°55'~36°23'。全(quan)縣總面積1636平(ping)方(fang)公里,轄13個鄉(鎮、辦事處(chu)),640個行政村(居委會)。屬(shu)中(zhong)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵區(qu),整個地(di)(di)勢(shi)西北高,東(dong)南(nan)低(di),沿沂(yi)河流(liu)向傾斜。境(jing)內(nei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏(fu),溝(gou)壑縱(zong)橫(heng),有名山(shan)(shan)(shan)頭1983座,最(zui)(zui)高點魯山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)群(qun)峰之(zhi)(zhi)首,山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)挺(ting)拔(ba)峻(jun)秀(xiu),風(feng)景迷(mi)人(ren),海拔(ba)1108.3米,是山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)第四高峰。最(zui)(zui)低(di)點東(dong)南(nan)沂(yi)河谷地(di)(di),海拔(ba)180米。地(di)(di)貌類(lei)型有中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘陵、山(shan)(shan)(shan)前傾斜平(ping)地(di)(di)等(deng)。境(jing)內(nei)有大小(xiao)河流(liu)1530條。其中(zhong)沂(yi)河流(liu)經山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)、江蘇8縣市,沂(yi)源境(jing)內(nei)全(quan)長(chang)(chang)84.6公里。沂(yi)源縣屬(shu)暖溫帶季(ji)風(feng)區(qu)域大陸性(xing)半濕潤(run)氣(qi)候,四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)明,年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫11.9℃,無霜期(qi)(qi)189天(tian),平(ping)均日照時數2660.6小(xiao)時,年(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)雨量720.8mm。降(jiang)水分(fen)(fen)布具有雨熱同期(qi)(qi)的特點,與花生(sheng)的生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)節奏相吻合,花生(sheng)開花下(xia)針期(qi)(qi)適宜的溫度、濕潤(run)的氣(qi)候和充(chong)足的陽光(guang)非常(chang)有利于果針伸(shen)長(chang)(chang)和入(ru)土,光(guang)能資源居全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)首,光(guang)照百分(fen)(fen)率(lv)為(wei)利于果針伸(shen)長(chang)(chang)和入(ru)土,光(guang)能資源居全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)首,光(guang)照百分(fen)(fen)率(lv)為(wei)全(quan)國之(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan), 處(chu)在(zai)發(fa)展林果的最(zui)(zui)佳部位(wei)。
三.地域范圍
沂(yi)源花生地(di)域(yu)保護范圍位于東(dong)經117°48'~118°31',北(bei)緯35°55'~36°23'之(zhi)間,沂(yi)源縣(xian)地(di)處山東(dong)省(sheng)的(de)中部,淄博市最南(nan)端,屬沂(yi)蒙山區,東(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)大張莊鎮向陽峪村(cun);西至(zhi)(zhi)大張莊鎮南(nan)慢村(cun);南(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)大張莊鎮閑場村(cun);北(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)大張莊鎮赤板(ban)村(cun);地(di)理坐(zuo)標為東(dong)經117°57'~118°3',北(bei)緯35°59'~36°4',地(di)域(yu)保護種植(zhi)面積3500公頃,年總產(chan)量13125噸。
四.產(chan)品品質特性特征
1、外(wai)在(zai)感官(guan)特(te)征:沂源花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)品(pin)質優良,以顆粒飽(bao)滿(man)、色(se)(se)澤(ze)鮮艷(yan)、清脆香甜,無黃(huang)曲霉素著稱于世,能提供人(ren)體所(suo)需的(de)多種(zhong)營養,長期(qi)食用對人(ren)體健康十分有(you)益。新鮮度:新鮮、清潔,莢果(guo)(guo)(guo)網紋清晰,籽粒色(se)(se)澤(ze)鮮艷(yan)。無不正常外(wai)來水分,莢果(guo)(guo)(guo)和花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)仁具(ju)有(you)本品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)基本特(te)性。色(se)(se)澤(ze):具(ju)有(you)本品(pin)種(zhong)所(suo)固(gu)有(you)的(de)色(se)(se)澤(ze),所(suo)加工(gong)的(de)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)油(you)氣味(wei)濃香,色(se)(se)澤(ze)明(ming)亮。風味(wei):具(ju)有(you)本品(pin)種(zhong)特(te)有(you)的(de)風味(wei),可加工(gong)成脫(tuo)皮花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)仁、油(you)炸(zha)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)米(mi)、風味(wei)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)等系列產品(pin)。腐(fu)爛(lan):莢果(guo)(guo)(guo)無腐(fu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)、爛(lan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)、蟲食果(guo)(guo)(guo),芽果(guo)(guo)(guo)。整齊度:果(guo)(guo)(guo)粒均勻、籽粒飽(bao)滿(man)。
2、內在(zai)品質指標(biao):沂(yi)源(yuan)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要的(de)營(ying)養(yang)成(cheng)分(fen)有(you)脂(zhi)肪(fang),含(han)量(liang)≥42.0%,蛋白質含(han)量(liang)≥24.0%。花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)仁含(han)有(you)豐富的(de)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素,其中以維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素E為最多,含(han)量(liang)≥80.0mg/kg,花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)仁含(han)有(you)豐富的(de)鈣(gai)、磷、硒等營(ying)養(yang)成(cheng)分(fen),其中鈣(gai)含(han)量(liang)≥50.0mg/100g,磷含(han)量(liang)≥2.60×102,硒含(han)量(liang)2×10-2,花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)仁可提供八(ba)種人體(ti)所需的(de)氨基酸(suan)及(ji)不飽和脂(zhi)肪(fang)酸(suan)、卵磷脂(zhi)、膽堿、胡蘿卜素、粗纖(xian)維(wei)等有(you)利(li)于(yu)人體(ti)健康的(de)營(ying)養(yang)成(cheng)分(fen)。
3、安全要求(qiu)“沂源花生”必(bi)須達到農(nong)業部“有機花生”GB/T19630.1/3/4的(de)指標
五(wu).特定生(sheng)產方式
1、范圍(wei):本部分適用于(yu)我縣境(jing)內沂源花生(sheng)的生(sheng)產。
2、生(sheng)產技(ji)術措(cuo)施:
(1)產地環境及土壤條件。
(2)耕地與施肥。
(3)選用良種(zhong)。
(4)適期足墑播種。
(5)田間(jian)管理。
3、適時收獲
4、加工、儲運、記(ji)錄(lu)