芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

石榴種植(zhi)主要分布在(zai)嶧城區榴園(yuan)鎮轄區內的(de)王府山莊、魏(wei)樓、白樓、曹馬(ma)、小莊子、北孫莊、和(he)(he)順莊、朱村等八個行政村。地(di)(di)勢(shi)北高(gao)南低，平均(jun)海(hai)拔185米(mi)，耕地(di)(di)面(mian)積 9.4萬畝，四季分明，光(guang)照充(chong)足，雨(yu)熱(re)(re)同期(qi)，光(guang)、熱(re)(re)、水資源時序變化與作物生(sheng)長期(qi)匹配(pei)良(liang)好，水土(tu)保持良(liang)好，生(sheng)態環境優異(yi)，系國家級生(sheng)態示范區、省級標準化生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)。基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)遠離工礦企業，大氣、土(tu)壤、水質優良(liang)，具有(you)發展無公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品、綠(lv)色(se)食品、有(you)機食品生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)獨特條件和(he)(he)優勢(shi)。

二(er).自(zi)然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況：嶧城石榴園地(di)(di)處魯中(zhong)南丘陵(ling)邊緣地(di)(di)帶，地(di)(di)貌(mao)類型多樣(yang)，山區土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)為石灰質(zhi)、巖母質(zhi)發育的沙(sha)土(tu)(tu)和棕壤(rang)(rang)，呈中(zhong)性到微堿性反應。山中(zhong)下部土(tu)(tu)層較(jiao)厚，孔隙(xi)度好，水肥氣熱協調，經取土(tu)(tu)化驗，耕層土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)養分(fen)含量為有機質(zhi)1.46%，氮含量0.08%，速效磷12mg/kg，速效鉀105.3mg/kg，堿解氮88mg/kg，有利于(yu)石榴的生長。

2、水文(wen)情況(kuang)：石(shi)榴(liu)園處于(yu)大山深處，年均降(jiang)水量895mm，石(shi)榴(liu)生長期間的(de)降(jiang)水占全年降(jiang)水量的(de)85%以上，非常有利于(yu)石(shi)榴(liu)生長發育的(de)需要(yao)，為降(jiang)低生產(chan)成本(ben)提供(gong)了極其便利的(de)自然條件(jian)。

3、氣候情況：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)照充足(zu)，熱量(liang)資(zi)源(yuan)豐(feng)富，氣候溫(wen)(wen)暖，雨熱同期，有(you)(you)利于生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)照條件(jian)良(liang)好(hao)，雨量(liang)集中(zhong)(zhong)，四季分明。光(guang)(guang)(guang)照：年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照時數2376.0小時，日照百分率49%，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)輻射(she)量(liang)117.5千卡/平方厘米，有(you)(you)利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)合(he)作(zuo)用。溫(wen)(wen)度：年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)13.9℃，≥10℃積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)，4629.5℃，7月均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)最低為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)-1.4℃，全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期193天。有(you)(you)利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)。降水(shui)：年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)降水(shui)量(liang)895mm，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降水(shui)占全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)85%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)，非常有(you)(you)利于石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)降低生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本提(ti)(ti)供了極其(qi)便利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然條件(jian)。榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鎮石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)條件(jian)優(you)(you)越，農民具(ju)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)培管理經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)。溝、渠、路(lu)、橋、閘、水(shui)、涵、電、林(lin)網配套齊全(quan)(quan)(quan)設施良(liang)好(hao)，灌(guan)溉(gai)用水(shui)無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)。 4、人(ren)(ren)文(wen)歷(li)(li)史(shi)情況：嶧(yi)城(cheng)舊稱(cheng)嶧(yi)縣(xian)，自(zi)西漢(han)(han)(han)設縣(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)來，在(zai)歷(li)(li)代(dai)興替沿革(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)直是州縣(xian)治所，1962年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建(jian)制為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)市(shi)(shi)轄區(qu)(qu)。嶧(yi)城(cheng)歷(li)(li)史(shi)悠久，文(wen)化(hua)燦爛，名(ming)人(ren)(ren)輩出(chu)，“一(yi)代(dai)鴻(hong)儒”蕭望之(zhi)(zhi)，“散(san)金濟(ji)(ji)貧”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)廣、疏(shu)受(shou)，“鑿壁(bi)偷光(guang)(guang)(guang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漢(han)(han)(han)相匡衡(heng)，“克己恭儉(jian)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王良(liang)及明代(dai)兵(bing)部(bu)右侍郎賈三近等皆出(chu)于嶧(yi)地(di)。嶧(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)著悠久的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)培歷(li)(li)史(shi)。據《博物志》記(ji)載，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)原產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)西域，西漢(han)(han)(han)武帝(di)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)，漢(han)(han)(han)使張騫從涂(tu)林(lin)安石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國（現(xian)伊朗(lang)）引(yin)入中(zhong)(zhong)原。丞相匡衡(heng)從皇家上(shang)林(lin)苑引(yin)至家鄉（今山東省棗(zao)莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)嶧(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)匡談村(cun)）栽(zai)(zai)培，到現(xian)在(zai)已有(you)(you)2000多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史(shi)，1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)花(hua)被(bei)定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)棗(zao)莊(zhuang)市(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)花(hua)，至今發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成(cheng)(cheng)十萬(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)畝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規模。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來嶧(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)委、區(qu)(qu)政府立足(zu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)資(zi)源(yuan)優(you)(you)勢，著重(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)上(shang)下功夫，在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業化(hua)上(shang)做文(wen)章，有(you)(you)力提(ti)(ti)高了石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科技含量(liang)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附加值。以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)化(hua)操作(zuo)規程，加大(da)(da)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)環節監管，2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”牌(pai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)被(bei)農業部(bu)認定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)公害(hai)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基(ji)地(di)列入山東省標準(zhun)化(hua)基(ji)地(di)；以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)文(wen)化(hua)開發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，組建(jian)了全(quan)(quan)(quan)國最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)，1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)嶧(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)被(bei)開辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國友好(hao)觀(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“花(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)”旅游(you)線主要旅游(you)區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)接待(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)外游(you)客15萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)國家命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)AAAA級(ji)農業生(sheng)(sheng)態旅游(you)示(shi)范(fan)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)；以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品開發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)有(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)深加工企業3處(chu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)飲料2000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)聽，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)茶(cha)500噸，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紅酒300噸；組建(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷協會1個，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集散(san)市(shi)(shi)場8處(chu)，創造營銷額近9000余(yu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元；以(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)藝開發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)相繼建(jian)立了康(kang)居(ju)盆(pen)景(jing)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)景(jing)5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)盆(pen)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創效(xiao)益1500余(yu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國獨(du)一(yi)無(wu)二(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)景(jing)花(hua)卉市(shi)(shi)場；以(yi)(yi)(yi)庭(ting)院(yuan)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)開發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)，扶持石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)庭(ting)院(yuan)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)開發(fa)(fa)村(cun)8個，發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)特(te)色(se)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)示(shi)范(fan)戶(hu)200余(yu)戶(hu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創社會效(xiao)益800余(yu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元。在(zai)做大(da)(da)、做強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，嶧(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)不斷加強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質資(zi)源(yuan)保護(hu)，投(tou)資(zi)8600余(yu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元建(jian)設了省級(ji)農業科技示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，規劃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)80畝。預計項目建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)后，可(ke)引(yin)進國內外石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品種80余(yu)個，將成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)擁有(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品種最多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)。

三.地域范圍

嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)地域保護范圍(wei)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)棗莊市(shi)嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)境內。地理坐標為(wei)(wei)東(dong)經117°22'－49'，北緯(wei)34°35'－51'，東(dong)西(xi)長41km，南北寬30.9km，品(pin)種43個，代表品(pin)種有大(da)青皮(pi)、大(da)紅袍、大(da)馬牙、謝花(hua)甜、冰糖籽(zi)等。嶧(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)也因其面積大(da)、品(pin)種多、產(chan)量(liang)高而(er)成為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)主要的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)生(sheng)產(chan)基地之(zhi)一。1996年(nian)被國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)業部命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中國(guo)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)之(zhi)鄉”；依托(tuo)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)資源開發的(de)(de)“中華冠世(shi)榴(liu)(liu)園”于2001年(nian)被上海吉尼(ni)斯大(da)世(shi)界總部命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“吉尼(ni)斯大(da)世(shi)界之(zhi)最”；也是“國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)生(sheng)態示(shi)范區(qu)”，2002年(nian)被山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)政府命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)無(wu)公害石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)生(sheng)產(chan)基地。

四.產品品質特性特征

1、外在(zai)感官(guan)特征：嶧城石榴果(guo)(guo)實呈圓球形，成(cheng)熟后果(guo)(guo)皮亮麗，質感厚重，單果(guo)(guo)重600-1000克(ke)，一般2年(nian)開(kai)花、3年(nian)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)，不僅(jin)可(ke)供鮮食，亦可(ke)加工成(cheng)高(gao)級清涼(liang)飲。

2、內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標：嶧(yi)城石榴以(yi)其源遠流長的發展(zhan)歷(li)史，具(ju)有個大(da)、汁(zhi)多(duo)、味(wei)甜、質(zhi)優、豐(feng)產、耐貯運等特點(dian)，獨具(ju)一(yi)格的地方特色，享譽古今中外，其果(guo)實(shi)味(wei)酸甜、性(xing)溫澀、富含(han)多(duo)種營養，經現代(dai)醫(yi)學測定(ding)（山(shan)東省農科院分析結(jie)果(guo)）石榴籽中含(han)有較多(duo)的糖(tang)份(fen)，100g可(ke)食果(guo)含(han)可(ke)溶性(xing)果(guo)酸3.75g/100g；果(guo)糖(tang)15 g/100g；還原型VC19.27mg/100g;磷69.6m g/100g；鉀242.5mg/100g；鈣(gai)1.98m g/100g，等微量(liang)元素(su)的含(han)量(liang)比(bi)一(yi)般水果(guo)高(gao)，而脂肪(fang)、蛋白質(zhi)的含(han)量(liang)較少，且有較高(gao)的營養保健和(he)醫(yi)補價值(zhi)。果(guo)實(shi)以(yi)鮮吃為主。

3、安全(quan)要求(qiu)：石(shi)榴種(zhong)植基地位于(yu)嶧城(cheng)區駐(zhu)地西部(bu)，距城(cheng)區5km，是山東省標準化生產基地（基地環境已檢測，報告編(bian)號20022602）。所產石(shi)榴于(yu)2004年獲農業部(bu)無公害(hai)農產品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)（證(zheng)書編(bian)號:WGH-04-02214），2007年獲有機(ji)食品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)(證(zheng)書編(bian)號:COFCC-R-0510-0084)。

五.特定生(sheng)產方(fang)式

1、產地選(xuan)(xuan)擇與特殊內(nei)容規定：嶧城石榴選(xuan)(xuan)擇空(kong)氣清新、大(da)氣未受(shou)污染、環境(jing)質(zhi)量符合(he)國家(jia)大(da)氣環境(jing)質(zhi)量標準(zhun)GB3905-82中所列的一(yi)級(ji)標準(zhun)。基地應選(xuan)(xuan)離(li)公路、鐵路主要(yao)交通干線及工(gong)礦區，避開工(gong)業(ye)及城市污染源影響，距(ju)離(li)要(yao)大(da)于5km。

2、品種選擇與特定(ding)要求(qiu)：嶧城石(shi)榴品種和砧木的選擇應(ying)以區域(yu)化和良(liang)種化為基礎，遵照石(shi)榴區劃(hua)，結合當地自然條件，選擇優良(liang)品種，實(shi)行適地適栽(zai)。在我區適宜發展(zhan)大紅袍、大青皮、大馬牙(ya)等(deng)石(shi)榴品種。石(shi)榴多用枝(zhi)條扦插繁殖，不需砧木。

3、生(sheng)產過程管理：

①栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)整地(di)(di)：按行(xing)(xing)(xing)株距(ju)挖(wa)深(shen)寬0.8-1m的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)溝穴(xue)(xue)(xue)，溝穴(xue)(xue)(xue)底填厚30cm左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)物秸(jie)稈(gan)。挖(wa)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)土(tu)(tu)與(yu)(yu)足量腐熟土(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)回填溝穴(xue)(xue)(xue)中。待填至低于地(di)(di)面20cm后(hou)(hou)灌水澆透(tou)，使(shi)土(tu)(tu)沉(chen)實(shi)，然后(hou)(hou)覆上(shang)一(yi)層(ceng)表(biao)土(tu)(tu)保(bao)墑。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)方式與(yu)(yu)密度(du)：平地(di)(di)、灘地(di)(di)和6度(du)以(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)緩(huan)坡地(di)(di)為長方形栽(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)，6-15度(du)的(de)(de)(de)坡地(di)(di)為等(deng)高栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)。授粉樹(shu)配置：建園時(shi)(shi)可選(xuan)用2-4個以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)優良(liang)品種，按等(deng)量成(cheng)(cheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)配置，也可實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)差量成(cheng)(cheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)配置（主栽(zai)(zai)品種與(yu)(yu)授粉品種的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)比例4-4.5:1）。苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇與(yu)(yu)處理：選(xuan)擇苗(miao)(miao)高80-100cm，具(ju)較大側(ce)根3-5條(tiao)，無大的(de)(de)(de)劈傷、撕傷。核實(shi)品種，剔(ti)除(chu)不合格苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)，修剪(jian)根系，用水浸根后(hou)(hou)，分級栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)間：石(shi)榴苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般在(zai)春季(ji)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)，從土(tu)(tu)壤解凍到芽(ya)萌動，越(yue)晚越(yue)好。也可秋栽(zai)(zai)，10月下旬到12月上(shang)旬，越(yue)早越(yue)好。雨(yu)季(ji)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)要在(zai)陰(yin)天(tian)冒雨(yu)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)技術(shu)：在(zai)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)溝內按株距(ju)挖(wa)深(shen)寬30cm的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)將苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)放(fang)入(ru)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)中央，舒(shu)展根系，扶正苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)，縱(zong)橫成(cheng)(cheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，邊填土(tu)(tu)邊提苗(miao)(miao)、踏實(shi)。填土(tu)(tu)完畢在(zai)樹(shu)苗(miao)(miao)周圍做直徑1m的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)盤，立即灌水，澆后(hou)(hou)覆蓋地(di)(di)膜保(bao)墑。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)度(du)以(yi)苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)出(chu)圃(pu)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)為準春栽(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)立即定干；秋栽(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)翌年(nian)春季(ji)萌芽(ya)前(qian)定干。定干后(hou)(hou)，采(cai)取(qu)適當措施保(bao)護剪(jian)口。

②土(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)理土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)管(guan)(guan)理深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)改土(tu)(tu)(tu)：分為(wei)(wei)擴穴深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)和(he)全園(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)，每(mei)年(nian)秋(qiu)季(ji)果(guo)實采收后結合(he)秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)進行(xing)。擴穴深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)為(wei)(wei)在(zai)定植穴外(wai)挖(wa)環(huan)(huan)狀(zhuang)溝(gou)，溝(gou)寬80cm，深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)60cm左右。全園(yuan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)為(wei)(wei)將栽植穴外(wai)的土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)全部深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度(du)30cm-40cm。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)回填時混以(yi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)放(fang)在(zai)底層，底土(tu)(tu)(tu)放(fang)在(zai)上(shang)層，使根土(tu)(tu)(tu)密接。清耕(geng)制果(guo)園(yuan)生長季(ji)降雨后，及(ji)時中耕(geng)松土(tu)(tu)(tu)，保(bao)(bao)持土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)疏松無(wu)雜草。中耕(geng)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度(du)5cm-10cm，以(yi)利調溫保(bao)(bao)墑。覆(fu)(fu)草和(he)埋草：覆(fu)(fu)草在(zai)春(chun)季(ji)進行(xing)。覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)材料可以(yi)用麥秸、麥糠、玉米秸、干草等。把覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)在(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下，厚度(du)10cm-15cm，上(shang)面壓少(shao)量(liang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、連(lian)覆(fu)(fu)3-4年(nian)后淺(qian)翻(fan)(fan)1次。也可結合(he)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)開大(da)溝(gou)埋草，提(ti)(ti)高土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)和(he)蓄水(shui)能力(li)。種植綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)行(xing)間生草:行(xing)間提(ti)(ti)倡間作(zuo)三葉草、毛(mao)葉苕子、扁葉黃芪等綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，通過翻(fan)(fan)壓，覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)和(he)漚制等方(fang)(fang)法將其轉變為(wei)(wei)石榴(liu)園(yuan)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。有灌溉條件(jian)的石榴(liu)園(yuan)提(ti)(ti)倡行(xing)間生草制。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze)：追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)腐(fu)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，以(yi)保(bao)(bao)持或增加土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)微生物(wu)(wu)(wu)活性(xing)。所施(shi)(shi)用的肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料不應對果(guo)園(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境和(he)果(guo)實品(pin)質產(chan)生不良影響。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)(fang)法和(he)數量(liang)：秋(qiu)季(ji)果(guo)實采收后到落葉前施(shi)(shi)入，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)按生產(chan)1kg石榴(liu)2kg優(you)質農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)上(shang)計算。施(shi)(shi)用方(fang)(fang)法以(yi)溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)或撒施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)部位在(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)投影范圍內。溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)挖(wa)放(fang)射狀(zhuang)溝(gou)或樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)外(wai)圍控環(huan)(huan)狀(zhuang)溝(gou)，溝(gou)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)60cm-80cm；撒施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)將肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料均勻地(di)撒于樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)下，并(bing)翻(fan)(fan)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)20cm。

③整形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)適宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)：定(ding)植后即(ji)根(gen)(gen)據(ju)栽培密度選定(ding)適宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)。800左(zuo)右(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)高3.0-3.5m，無主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干，具有3個方位(wei)角(jiao)120度的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)水平夾角(jiao)40-45度，每個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分別(bie)(bie)分配生(sheng)3-4個側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。修剪(jian)(jian)幼(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)：根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠結(jie)(jie)構，選擇(ze)培養(yang)(yang)好骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，擴大樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。除競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)近地(di)(di)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)外(wai)，保(bao)留(liu)(liu)定(ding)干后發出(chu)的(de)所有枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。第2-3個冬季時(shi)蔬除整形(xing)(xing)帶以(yi)下(xia)的(de)多(duo)余(yu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)回(hui)縮(suo)到(dao)旺(wang)長(chang)(chang)的(de)二次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)促(cu)(cu)長(chang)(chang)方法，不在原(yuan)頭短截。生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)季拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)角(jiao)。對(dui)(dui)輔養(yang)(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放、開(kai)(kai)角(jiao)和(he)疏除其(qi)上(shang)(shang)旺(wang)稍，控(kong)(kong)制生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，環割促(cu)(cu)進座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。初果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)：繼續培養(yang)(yang)各主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，逐步培養(yang)(yang)各類枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。疏除無用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖(xian)(xian)細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培養(yang)(yang)以(yi)中小枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)，長(chang)(chang)勢中庸(yong)、二次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較多(duo)的(de)營養(yang)(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩(huan)放，促(cu)(cu)進花(hua)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；細弱(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)的(de)多(duo)年生(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)(qing)度短截，更新(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。以(yi)輕(qing)(qing)剪(jian)(jian)、疏枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，去(qu)強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)(liu)中庸(yong)偏弱(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)直(zhi)立(li)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)(liu)水平斜生(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)病蟲枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；多(duo)疏少截或不截，變向(xiang)、緩(huan)剪(jian)(jian)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠中庸(yong)開(kai)(kai)張結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)好。加強生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)季節修剪(jian)(jian)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)：以(yi)疏除無用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒長(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖(xian)(xian)細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病蟲枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，培養(yang)(yang)以(yi)中小為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)，調節結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)量，合理(li)負載。結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)及時(shi)更新(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，掌握結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)筷(kuai)子(zi)粗細，結(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間要(yao)保(bao)持一定(ding)距(ju)離，防止(zhi)交(jiao)叉(cha)、重(zhong)疊。強旺(wang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)、弱(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)中庸(yong)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)分別(bie)(bie)采(cai)(cai)取以(yi)“控(kong)(kong)”、“促(cu)(cu)”和(he)“保(bao)”為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)修剪(jian)(jian)措施，使(shi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)體(ti)穩(wen)定(ding)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。更新(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)：以(yi)縮(suo)剪(jian)(jian)更新(xin)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，對(dui)(dui)衰(shuai)弱(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)回(hui)縮(suo)1/3-1/2，剪(jian)(jian)口保(bao)留(liu)(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。新(xin)的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)出(chu)后，根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)要(yao)求整形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)。如果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)干枯死亡，地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)有健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)萌蘗枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，也可將(jiang)原(yuan)骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從(cong)基部鋸除，利用(yong)根(gen)(gen)際萌蘗整形(xing)(xing)，培養(yang)(yang)新(xin)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。對(dui)(dui)衰(shuai)老樹(shu)(shu)(shu)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)“去(qu)舊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、去(qu)弱(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)遠枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)近枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)斜生(sheng)、水平枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)(liu)直(zhi)立(li)強旺(wang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)復(fu)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)措施。

④疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)授粉：采(cai)用(yong)人工(gong)授粉，蜜蜂(feng)或(huo)壁(bi)峰傳粉等(deng)方法提(ti)高座(zuo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和(he)(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實整(zheng)齊(qi)度。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)：石(shi)榴的花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)量(liang)大，不(bu)完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)占(zhan)極大比例，開(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)對(dui)營養消耗甚多，及時疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)去(qu)不(bu)完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾能分辨完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時進行，越早越好。第(di)三(san)茬(cha)的完(wan)全花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)在(zai)一、二茬(cha)坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)已達負(fu)荷量(liang)時也疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)掉。從可識(shi)別花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時開(kai)始(shi)每10天疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1次(ci)(ci)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)采(cai)用(yong)多留(liu)頭(tou)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，選留(liu)二次(ci)(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)去(qu)三(san)次(ci)(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的方法，強(qiang)樹(shu)(shu)、強(qiang)枝(zhi)應多留(liu)，弱樹(shu)(shu)弱枝(zhi)少(shao)留(liu)。弱樹(shu)(shu)骨干(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)頭(tou)部不(bu)留(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。上(shang)層多疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)少(shao)留(liu)，內(nei)、下層少(shao)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)多留(liu)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前環(huan)割和(he)(he)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)摘(zhai)除(chu)旺梢：花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前（5月初）在(zai)旺樹(shu)(shu)主(zhu)干(gan)(gan)或(huo)主(zhu)枝(zhi)，大輔養枝(zhi)上(shang)環(huan)割兩道(dao)，提(ti)高座(zuo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)。在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)多次(ci)(ci)抹除(chu)背上(shang)旺梢，提(ti)高座(zuo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和(he)(he)減輕落花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。

⑤病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)石榴(liu)樹(shu)(shu)為多年生(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)大植物，病(bing)害較(jiao)少(shao)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)原則：遵照(zhao)植保方針(zhen)，預防(fang)(fang)為主，綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)措(cuo)施以農(nong)業和(he)(he)(he)物理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)為主，生(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)為核(he)心，按照(zhao)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)規律和(he)(he)(he)經(jing)濟閾值，有效控制病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害危害。農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：采取剪(jian)除(chu)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)、消除(chu)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)落葉、刮除(chu)樹(shu)(shu)干(gan)翹裂皮(pi)、翻樹(shu)(shu)盤、科學施肥等(deng)措(cuo)施抑制病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。將剪(jian)除(chu)的(de)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)消除(chu)的(de)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)落葉、刮除(chu)的(de)樹(shu)(shu)干(gan)翹裂皮(pi)運出果園并焚燒(shao)，燒(shao)凈、燒(shao)透。物理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：根據害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)物學特性，采取糖醋液、樹(shu)(shu)干(gan)纏草(cao)繩和(he)(he)(he)黑光燈等(deng)方法誘(you)殺害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。生(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：人工釋放(fang)赤眼(yan)蜂，助遷和(he)(he)(he)保護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、草(cao)蛉、捕食螨等(deng)天(tian)敵(di)，利用昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性外激(ji)素(su)誘(you)殺或(huo)干(gan)擾成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)交配。

4、產品(pin)收獲：根據果實成(cheng)熟(shu)度(du)、用(yong)途和(he)市場需(xu)求綜合確定采(cai)收適期(qi)。成(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)不(bu)一致(zhi)的品(pin)種，應(ying)分期(qi)采(cai)收。

5、生(sheng)產記錄(lu)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)：嶧城石(shi)榴的生(sheng)產環(huan)節要(yao)規范(fan)操作，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)嚴格(ge)記錄(lu)，并建檔保存。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識相關規定

1、分級：對交售(shou)的產品進行(xing)挑選，清除觀感較差的果(guo)子，去除果(guo)蒂(di)。

2、包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)：包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)物(wu)為專用紙箱(xiang)。裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)前認真填(tian)寫(xie)品名、規格、凈重、產地、檢驗員、日期、收貨人(ren)、批號。用膠袋封(feng)口機封(feng)箱(xiang)。

3、標識：原料收獲(huo)專用包裝(zhuang)標簽(qian)填寫：品名(ming)、規格、數量、產地(di)、檢驗員、日(ri)期、收貨人(ren)、批號(hao)。裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)時填寫生產記錄(lu)，認(ren)真記錄(lu):品名(ming)、生產日(ri)期、數量、生產負責(ze)人(ren)、檢驗員、原料批號(hao)等。

4、貯(zhu)藏：分(fen)級包(bao)裝號的(de)產品(pin)應存(cun)放在(zai)指定(ding)的(de)倉庫或恒(heng)溫(wen)庫(5℃)，以防損壞，并加以標識。貯(zhu)存(cun)區(qu)域要清潔，環(huan)境適宜，物品(pin)擺放整齊有序，定(ding)期檢查庫存(cun)情況(kuang)，貫徹(che)先進先出(chu)的(de)原(yuan)則(ze)。