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一.產品介紹

石榴種(zhong)植主要分布在(zai)嶧城區榴園(yuan)鎮轄區內(nei)的王(wang)府山莊、魏(wei)樓、白樓、曹馬、小莊子、北(bei)孫莊、和(he)順莊、朱村(cun)(cun)等八個行政村(cun)(cun)。地(di)勢北(bei)高(gao)南低，平均海拔185米(mi)，耕(geng)地(di)面積 9.4萬畝，四季分明，光(guang)照充足，雨熱同期，光(guang)、熱、水資源時序變化與(yu)作(zuo)物生(sheng)長期匹配良(liang)好，水土(tu)保持良(liang)好，生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境優(you)異，系國家級生(sheng)態(tai)示范區、省(sheng)級標(biao)準化生(sheng)產基地(di)。基地(di)遠離工礦企業，大氣、土(tu)壤、水質優(you)良(liang)，具有發展無公害農產品、綠色食品、有機(ji)食品生(sheng)產的獨(du)特條件和(he)優(you)勢。

二.自然生態環境(jing)和人文歷史(shi)因素

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況：嶧城(cheng)石榴園地(di)處魯(lu)中南丘陵(ling)邊緣(yuan)地(di)帶，地(di)貌類型多樣(yang)，山(shan)區土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為石灰質(zhi)、巖母質(zhi)發育(yu)的(de)沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)和棕壤(rang)，呈中性到微(wei)堿性反(fan)應。山(shan)中下部土(tu)(tu)(tu)層較厚，孔隙度(du)好，水(shui)肥氣熱協調，經(jing)取(qu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)化驗，耕層土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)養分含量(liang)為有(you)機質(zhi)1.46%，氮含量(liang)0.08%，速(su)效磷12mg/kg，速(su)效鉀105.3mg/kg，堿解(jie)氮88mg/kg，有(you)利(li)于石榴的(de)生(sheng)長(chang)。

2、水文(wen)情況：石榴園處于(yu)大山深處，年(nian)均降(jiang)水量895mm，石榴生(sheng)長(chang)期間的降(jiang)水占全年(nian)降(jiang)水量的85%以上，非常(chang)有利(li)于(yu)石榴生(sheng)長(chang)發育的需要，為降(jiang)低生(sheng)產成本提供了極其便利(li)的自(zi)然條件。

3、氣(qi)候情況(kuang)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)光(guang)照(zhao)充足，熱量資(zi)源(yuan)豐富，氣(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)暖(nuan)，雨(yu)熱同期，有(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，光(guang)照(zhao)條件良(liang)好(hao)(hao)，雨(yu)量集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)，四季分明(ming)。光(guang)照(zhao)：年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)時數2376.0小時，日照(zhao)百(bai)分率49%，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)光(guang)輻(fu)射(she)量117.5千卡/平方厘米，有(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)合(he)作用。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度：年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)13.9℃，≥10℃積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，4629.5℃，7月均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)最(zui)低為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)-1.4℃，全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期193天。有(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)。降(jiang)水(shui)：年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量895mm，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期間的(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)水(shui)占全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量的(de)(de)(de)85%以(yi)上(shang)，非常有(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本提供(gong)了(le)(le)極其(qi)便利(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)條件。榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)鎮(zhen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)條件優越，農(nong)民(min)具(ju)有(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)管(guan)理經驗。溝、渠、路(lu)、橋、閘、水(shui)、涵、電(dian)、林網配套齊全設施良(liang)好(hao)(hao)，灌溉用水(shui)無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)。 4、人(ren)文(wen)歷史(shi)情況(kuang)：嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)舊稱嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)縣，自西漢設縣以(yi)來，在(zai)(zai)歷代(dai)興(xing)替沿革(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)一直是(shi)州縣治(zhi)所，1962年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建(jian)(jian)制(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)市轄區(qu)(qu)。嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)歷史(shi)悠久，文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)燦爛，名人(ren)輩(bei)出，“一代(dai)鴻儒”蕭望之(zhi)(zhi)，“散(san)金濟(ji)貧”的(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)廣、疏(shu)受，“鑿壁偷(tou)光(guang)”的(de)(de)(de)漢相匡衡(heng)，“克己恭儉(jian)”的(de)(de)(de)王良(liang)及明(ming)代(dai)兵部右侍(shi)郎賈三(san)近等皆出于(yu)嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)地。嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)著悠久的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)歷史(shi)。據(ju)《博物志》記載(zai)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)原產(chan)(chan)(chan)西域，西漢武帝年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，漢使張騫從(cong)涂(tu)林安(an)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)（現伊(yi)朗(lang)）引入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)原。丞相匡衡(heng)從(cong)皇家(jia)上(shang)林苑引至家(jia)鄉（今山(shan)東省棗莊市嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)匡談村）栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)，到現在(zai)(zai)已有(you)2000多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)，1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)花(hua)被(bei)(bei)定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)棗莊市市花(hua)，至今發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)十萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)畝(mu)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)模。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)委、區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)府立(li)足石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)資(zi)源(yuan)優勢，著重(zhong)在(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)上(shang)下功(gong)夫，在(zai)(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)上(shang)做(zuo)文(wen)章，有(you)力(li)提高了(le)(le)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)科技(ji)含量和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)附加(jia)(jia)值。以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)操(cao)作規(gui)(gui)程，加(jia)(jia)大(da)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)環節監管(guan)，2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)”牌(pai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)被(bei)(bei)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部認定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無(wu)公害農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)”石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基地列(lie)入(ru)山(shan)東省標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)基地；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，組建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)林，1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園(yuan)被(bei)(bei)開辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)友好(hao)(hao)觀光(guang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)“花(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)”旅游線(xian)主要(yao)旅游區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)接待中(zhong)(zhong)外游客(ke)15萬(wan)人(ren)，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)命名為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)AAAA級農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)態旅游示范(fan)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，全區(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)深加(jia)(jia)工企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)3處，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)飲料(liao)2000萬(wan)聽，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)茶500噸，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紅酒300噸；組建(jian)(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)銷協會(hui)1個(ge)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集(ji)散(san)市場(chang)8處，創(chuang)造(zao)營銷額近9000余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)；以(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆藝開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，全區(qu)(qu)相繼建(jian)(jian)立(li)了(le)(le)康(kang)居盆景(jing)(jing)園(yuan)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態示范(fan)園(yuan)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆景(jing)(jing)5萬(wan)盆，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創(chuang)效益1500余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)獨一無(wu)二(er)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆景(jing)(jing)花(hua)卉市場(chang)；以(yi)庭院經濟(ji)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，扶持(chi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)庭院經濟(ji)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)村8個(ge)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展特色經濟(ji)示范(fan)戶200余(yu)(yu)戶，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創(chuang)社(she)會(hui)效益800余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)。在(zai)(zai)做(zuo)大(da)、做(zuo)強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)同時，嶧(yi)(yi)(yi)城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)不斷加(jia)(jia)強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)保護，投資(zi)8600余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設了(le)(le)省級農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科技(ji)示范(fan)園(yuan)，規(gui)(gui)劃石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質(zhi)示范(fan)園(yuan)80畝(mu)。預(yu)計項(xiang)目建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后，可引進(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)種80余(yu)(yu)個(ge)，將成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)擁有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)種最(zui)多的(de)(de)(de)園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)。

三.地域范圍

嶧(yi)城石(shi)榴(liu)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)域(yu)保護(hu)范(fan)圍為(wei)山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)棗莊市嶧(yi)城區境內(nei)。地(di)(di)理(li)坐標為(wei)東(dong)經117°22'－49'，北(bei)(bei)緯34°35'－51'，東(dong)西長41km，南北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)30.9km，品種(zhong)(zhong)43個(ge)，代表(biao)品種(zhong)(zhong)有大(da)青皮、大(da)紅袍(pao)、大(da)馬牙、謝花甜、冰糖籽(zi)等。嶧(yi)城石(shi)榴(liu)也(ye)因其面(mian)積(ji)大(da)、品種(zhong)(zhong)多、產量高而成為(wei)全國主要(yao)的(de)(de)石(shi)榴(liu)生(sheng)產基地(di)(di)之一。1996年(nian)被(bei)國家農業部命(ming)名為(wei)“中(zhong)國石(shi)榴(liu)之鄉(xiang)”；依托石(shi)榴(liu)資源開發的(de)(de)“中(zhong)華冠(guan)世(shi)榴(liu)園”于2001年(nian)被(bei)上海吉尼斯大(da)世(shi)界總部命(ming)名為(wei)“吉尼斯大(da)世(shi)界之最”；也(ye)是“國家級生(sheng)態示范(fan)區”，2002年(nian)被(bei)山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)政府命(ming)名為(wei)山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)無公害石(shi)榴(liu)生(sheng)產基地(di)(di)。

四.產品品質特性特征

1、外(wai)在感(gan)(gan)官特征(zheng)：嶧(yi)城石榴果(guo)(guo)實呈圓球(qiu)形，成(cheng)熟后果(guo)(guo)皮亮麗，質感(gan)(gan)厚重，單果(guo)(guo)重600-1000克，一般2年(nian)開花、3年(nian)結果(guo)(guo)，不僅可(ke)供鮮食，亦可(ke)加工成(cheng)高級清涼(liang)飲。

2、內在(zai)品質指(zhi)標：嶧城石榴以(yi)其源遠流長的(de)發展歷史(shi)，具(ju)有個大、汁多(duo)、味甜、質優(you)、豐產、耐貯(zhu)運等(deng)特點(dian)，獨(du)具(ju)一(yi)格的(de)地(di)方特色，享(xiang)譽古(gu)今中外(wai)，其果(guo)實味酸甜、性(xing)溫澀、富含(han)多(duo)種營養，經(jing)現(xian)代醫學測(ce)定（山東省農科院分析結果(guo)）石榴籽中含(han)有較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)的(de)糖(tang)份，100g可食果(guo)含(han)可溶(rong)性(xing)果(guo)酸3.75g/100g；果(guo)糖(tang)15 g/100g；還(huan)原(yuan)型VC19.27mg/100g;磷69.6m g/100g；鉀242.5mg/100g；鈣1.98m g/100g，等(deng)微量元素的(de)含(han)量比(bi)一(yi)般水(shui)果(guo)高，而脂肪、蛋白質的(de)含(han)量較(jiao)(jiao)少，且(qie)有較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)營養保健和醫補價值。果(guo)實以(yi)鮮吃(chi)為主。

3、安全要(yao)求(qiu)：石榴種植基(ji)地(di)位于(yu)嶧城(cheng)區(qu)駐地(di)西部，距城(cheng)區(qu)5km，是山(shan)東(dong)省標準化生產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)（基(ji)地(di)環(huan)境已檢測(ce)，報(bao)告編(bian)號(hao)20022602）。所(suo)產(chan)(chan)石榴于(yu)2004年獲農(nong)業部無公害農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品認(ren)證（證書編(bian)號(hao):WGH-04-02214），2007年獲有機食品認(ren)證(證書編(bian)號(hao):COFCC-R-0510-0084)。

五.特(te)定生產方(fang)式

1、產地選(xuan)擇(ze)與特殊內容規(gui)定：嶧城石(shi)榴(liu)選(xuan)擇(ze)空氣(qi)清新(xin)、大氣(qi)未(wei)受污染、環(huan)境質量符合國家大氣(qi)環(huan)境質量標準GB3905-82中所列的一級標準。基地應選(xuan)離(li)公路、鐵(tie)路主要(yao)交通干線及工礦區，避開工業及城市污染源影響，距離(li)要(yao)大于5km。

2、品(pin)種(zhong)選擇與特定要(yao)求：嶧城石榴(liu)(liu)品(pin)種(zhong)和砧(zhen)木(mu)的(de)選擇應(ying)以(yi)區(qu)域化和良(liang)種(zhong)化為基礎(chu)，遵(zun)照石榴(liu)(liu)區(qu)劃(hua)，結合(he)當地(di)自(zi)然(ran)條件(jian)，選擇優良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)，實行(xing)適地(di)適栽(zai)。在我區(qu)適宜發展大紅(hong)袍(pao)、大青皮(pi)、大馬牙等石榴(liu)(liu)品(pin)種(zhong)。石榴(liu)(liu)多用枝條扦插繁殖，不需砧(zhen)木(mu)。

3、生產(chan)過程管理(li)：

①栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)整地：按(an)行(xing)株(zhu)距(ju)挖深寬(kuan)0.8-1m的(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)穴(xue)，溝(gou)穴(xue)底(di)填(tian)厚(hou)30cm左右(you)的(de)(de)作物(wu)秸(jie)稈。挖出的(de)(de)表土(tu)(tu)與(yu)(yu)足(zu)量腐(fu)熟土(tu)(tu)雜肥回填(tian)溝(gou)穴(xue)中。待填(tian)至低(di)于地面(mian)20cm后灌(guan)水(shui)澆透，使(shi)土(tu)(tu)沉實(shi)，然后覆上(shang)一(yi)層表土(tu)(tu)保墑。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式與(yu)(yu)密(mi)度(du)：平(ping)地、灘地和(he)6度(du)以下的(de)(de)緩坡(po)地為長方(fang)形栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，6-15度(du)的(de)(de)坡(po)地為等高(gao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)。授粉樹配(pei)置(zhi)：建園時(shi)可選用(yong)2-4個以上(shang)的(de)(de)優良(liang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，按(an)等量成行(xing)配(pei)置(zhi)，也可實(shi)行(xing)差(cha)量成行(xing)配(pei)置(zhi)（主栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)與(yu)(yu)授粉品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)的(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)比例4-4.5:1）。苗(miao)(miao)木的(de)(de)選擇與(yu)(yu)處理：選擇苗(miao)(miao)高(gao)80-100cm，具較大(da)側根(gen)3-5條，無大(da)的(de)(de)劈傷、撕傷。核實(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，剔除(chu)不合格苗(miao)(miao)木，修剪根(gen)系(xi)，用(yong)水(shui)浸根(gen)后，分級栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)：石榴(liu)苗(miao)(miao)木的(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般(ban)在春(chun)(chun)季(ji)進行(xing)，從(cong)土(tu)(tu)壤解凍到芽萌(meng)(meng)動，越晚越好。也可秋栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，10月下旬到12月上(shang)旬，越早越好。雨(yu)季(ji)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)要在陰天冒(mao)雨(yu)進行(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術：在栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)內按(an)株(zhu)距(ju)挖深寬(kuan)30cm的(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)將苗(miao)(miao)木放(fang)入穴(xue)中央(yang)，舒展根(gen)系(xi)，扶正苗(miao)(miao)木，縱橫成行(xing)，邊填(tian)土(tu)(tu)邊提苗(miao)(miao)、踏(ta)實(shi)。填(tian)土(tu)(tu)完畢(bi)在樹苗(miao)(miao)周圍做直徑1m的(de)(de)樹盤，立即灌(guan)水(shui)，澆后覆蓋地膜(mo)保墑。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)深度(du)以苗(miao)(miao)木出圃時(shi)的(de)(de)深度(du)為準(zhun)春(chun)(chun)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)植(zhi)(zhi)后立即定(ding)干(gan)(gan)；秋栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)翌(yi)年春(chun)(chun)季(ji)萌(meng)(meng)芽前定(ding)干(gan)(gan)。定(ding)干(gan)(gan)后，采取適當(dang)措(cuo)施保護剪口。

②土(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水管理土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤管理深(shen)翻改土(tu)(tu)(tu)：分(fen)為擴穴(xue)深(shen)翻和全(quan)園(yuan)(yuan)深(shen)翻，每年秋季(ji)(ji)果實(shi)采(cai)收(shou)后(hou)結合(he)秋施(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)進(jin)行。擴穴(xue)深(shen)翻為在(zai)定植穴(xue)外挖(wa)環(huan)狀(zhuang)溝，溝寬80cm，深(shen)60cm左右(you)。全(quan)園(yuan)(yuan)深(shen)翻為將(jiang)(jiang)栽(zai)植穴(xue)外的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤全(quan)部深(shen)翻，深(shen)度30cm-40cm。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤回填(tian)時混(hun)以(yi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)(za)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)放在(zai)底層，底土(tu)(tu)(tu)放在(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)層，使根土(tu)(tu)(tu)密接。清耕(geng)制果園(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)長季(ji)(ji)降雨后(hou)，及時中耕(geng)松(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，保持土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤疏松(song)無(wu)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)。中耕(geng)深(shen)度5cm-10cm，以(yi)利調溫(wen)保墑(di)。覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)和埋草(cao)(cao)(cao)：覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)在(zai)春季(ji)(ji)進(jin)行。覆(fu)蓋(gai)材(cai)料(liao)可以(yi)用(yong)麥(mai)秸(jie)、麥(mai)糠、玉米(mi)秸(jie)、干草(cao)(cao)(cao)等。把(ba)覆(fu)蓋(gai)物覆(fu)蓋(gai)在(zai)樹冠(guan)下，厚度10cm-15cm，上(shang)(shang)(shang)面壓少(shao)量土(tu)(tu)(tu)、連覆(fu)3-4年后(hou)淺翻1次。也(ye)可結合(he)深(shen)翻開(kai)大溝埋草(cao)(cao)(cao)，提高(gao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)和蓄水能力(li)。種植綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和行間(jian)(jian)生(sheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao):行間(jian)(jian)提倡間(jian)(jian)作三葉(xie)草(cao)(cao)(cao)、毛葉(xie)苕子、扁葉(xie)黃芪等綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作物，通過翻壓，覆(fu)蓋(gai)和漚制等方(fang)法將(jiang)(jiang)其轉變為石(shi)榴園(yuan)(yuan)有機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。有灌溉條件的(de)石(shi)榴園(yuan)(yuan)提倡行間(jian)(jian)生(sheng)草(cao)(cao)(cao)制。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原(yuan)則：追施(shi)(shi)(shi)腐(fu)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)(za)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，以(yi)保持或增加(jia)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤微生(sheng)物活(huo)性。所(suo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)不應對果園(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)境和果實(shi)品(pin)質產生(sheng)不良影(ying)響(xiang)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法和數量：秋季(ji)(ji)果實(shi)采(cai)收(shou)后(hou)到落葉(xie)前(qian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)入，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量按生(sheng)產1kg石(shi)榴2kg優質農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)計算。施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)方(fang)法以(yi)溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)或撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為主，施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)部位(wei)在(zai)樹冠(guan)投(tou)影(ying)范圍內。溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)為挖(wa)放射(she)狀(zhuang)溝或樹冠(guan)外圍控(kong)環(huan)狀(zhuang)溝，溝深(shen)60cm-80cm；撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)(shi)為將(jiang)(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)均勻地撒(sa)于樹冠(guan)下，并翻深(shen)20cm。

③整形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)適宜(yi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)：定(ding)(ding)植后(hou)即根(gen)(gen)據(ju)栽培(pei)密度選(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)適宜(yi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)。800左右樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高3.0-3.5m，無主(zhu)干(gan)，具有3個(ge)方位角(jiao)(jiao)120度的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每個(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與地(di)面(mian)(mian)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)夾角(jiao)(jiao)40-45度，每個(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)別(bie)分(fen)配生(sheng)3-4個(ge)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)幼(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)期：根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構，選(xuan)(xuan)擇培(pei)養(yang)(yang)好骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，擴大樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。除(chu)競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和近地(di)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢外，保(bao)留定(ding)(ding)干(gan)后(hou)發出的(de)(de)(de)所有枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。第2-3個(ge)冬季(ji)時(shi)蔬除(chu)整形(xing)(xing)帶以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)余枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)用(yong)回縮到旺(wang)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)二(er)次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)促長(chang)方法，不在原頭短截。生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開角(jiao)(jiao)。對(dui)(dui)輔養(yang)(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放(fang)、開角(jiao)(jiao)和疏(shu)除(chu)其(qi)上旺(wang)稍，控(kong)制生(sheng)長(chang)，環割促進(jin)座果(guo)。初果(guo)期：繼續培(pei)養(yang)(yang)各(ge)主(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，逐(zhu)步培(pei)養(yang)(yang)各(ge)類(lei)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。疏(shu)除(chu)無用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒(tu)長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和纖細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)小枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，長(chang)勢(shi)中(zhong)庸(yong)、二(er)次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩放(fang)，促進(jin)花結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)；細弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)年(nian)生(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕(qing)度短截，更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輕(qing)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)、疏(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu)，去(qu)(qu)強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留中(zhong)庸(yong)偏弱(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)(qu)直(zhi)立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留水(shui)(shui)平(ping)斜生(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)(qu)病蟲(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)健壯(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；多(duo)疏(shu)少截或不截，變(bian)向(xiang)、緩剪(jian)(jian)(jian)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠中(zhong)庸(yong)開張(zhang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)好。加(jia)強生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)節(jie)(jie)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。盛果(guo)期：以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)除(chu)無用(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒(tu)長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和纖細枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病蟲(chong)枯(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等為(wei)主(zhu)，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)小為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)健壯(zhuang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，調(diao)節(jie)(jie)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)量，合理負載。結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組及(ji)時(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)，掌(zhang)握(wo)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)母枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)筷(kuai)子粗細，結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)母枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間要(yao)保(bao)持一定(ding)(ding)距離(li)，防(fang)止交叉、重(zhong)疊。強旺(wang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、弱(ruo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和中(zhong)庸(yong)健壯(zhuang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)別(bie)采(cai)取以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“控(kong)”、“促”和“保(bao)”為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)措施，使樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)體穩定(ding)(ding)健壯(zhuang)。更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)復(fu)壯(zhuang)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縮剪(jian)(jian)(jian)更(geng)(geng)(geng)新(xin)為(wei)主(zhu)，對(dui)(dui)衰(shuai)弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)回縮1/3-1/2，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)口保(bao)留枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)出后(hou)，根(gen)(gen)據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)整形(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。如果(guo)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已干(gan)枯(ku)死亡，地(di)面(mian)(mian)有健壯(zhuang)萌蘗枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，也可將原骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從基部鋸除(chu)，利用(yong)根(gen)(gen)際萌蘗整形(xing)(xing)，培(pei)養(yang)(yang)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠。對(dui)(dui)衰(shuai)老樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)采(cai)用(yong)“去(qu)(qu)舊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、去(qu)(qu)弱(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)(qu)遠(yuan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留近枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)(qu)斜生(sheng)、水(shui)(shui)平(ping)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留直(zhi)立強旺(wang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)壯(zhuang)措施。

④疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)授(shou)粉：采(cai)用人工授(shou)粉，蜜蜂或(huo)壁峰傳粉等(deng)方(fang)法提高(gao)座(zuo)(zuo)果(guo)(guo)率(lv)(lv)和果(guo)(guo)實整齊度。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)：石榴的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)量大，不完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)占極大比(bi)例，開(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)對營養消(xiao)耗(hao)甚(shen)多，及時疏(shu)(shu)(shu)去不完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾(lei)能分辨完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時進(jin)行，越早越好。第(di)三(san)茬(cha)(cha)的(de)完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)在(zai)一(yi)、二茬(cha)(cha)坐(zuo)果(guo)(guo)已達負荷量時也疏(shu)(shu)(shu)掉(diao)。從可識(shi)別花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時開(kai)始每10天疏(shu)(shu)(shu)1次(ci)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)采(cai)用多留(liu)頭花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)，選留(liu)二次(ci)果(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)去三(san)次(ci)果(guo)(guo)的(de)方(fang)法，強樹(shu)(shu)(shu)、強枝(zhi)應多留(liu)，弱樹(shu)(shu)(shu)弱枝(zhi)少(shao)留(liu)。弱樹(shu)(shu)(shu)骨干枝(zhi)頭部不留(liu)果(guo)(guo)。上(shang)層(ceng)多疏(shu)(shu)(shu)少(shao)留(liu)，內、下(xia)層(ceng)少(shao)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)多留(liu)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前環(huan)割和花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)期摘除旺(wang)梢(shao)：花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前（5月初）在(zai)旺(wang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)主干或(huo)主枝(zhi)，大輔養枝(zhi)上(shang)環(huan)割兩道，提高(gao)座(zuo)(zuo)果(guo)(guo)率(lv)(lv)。在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期和幼果(guo)(guo)期多次(ci)抹除背上(shang)旺(wang)梢(shao)，提高(gao)座(zuo)(zuo)果(guo)(guo)率(lv)(lv)和減輕落花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落果(guo)(guo)。

⑤病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)石(shi)榴樹(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)多年生(sheng)(sheng)高大植物(wu)，病(bing)(bing)(bing)害較少發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)原則：遵(zun)照植保方(fang)針，預防(fang)(fang)為(wei)主，綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)措(cuo)施(shi)以農業和物(wu)理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)為(wei)主，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)為(wei)核(he)心，按照病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害的發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)規律(lv)和經(jing)濟閾值(zhi)，有(you)效(xiao)控制(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害危害。農業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：采(cai)取剪除病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)、消除枯枝(zhi)(zhi)落葉、刮除樹(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)翹(qiao)裂(lie)皮、翻樹(shu)(shu)(shu)盤、科學施(shi)肥等(deng)措(cuo)施(shi)抑制(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。將剪除的病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)和消除的枯枝(zhi)(zhi)落葉、刮除的樹(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)翹(qiao)裂(lie)皮運(yun)出果園(yuan)并焚燒(shao)，燒(shao)凈、燒(shao)透。物(wu)理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：根(gen)據害蟲(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學特性，采(cai)取糖醋液(ye)、樹(shu)(shu)(shu)干(gan)(gan)纏草繩和黑光燈等(deng)方(fang)法誘殺(sha)害蟲(chong)(chong)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：人工釋放赤(chi)眼蜂(feng)，助遷和保護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)、草蛉、捕食螨等(deng)天敵(di)，利用(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)性外激素誘殺(sha)或干(gan)(gan)擾成蟲(chong)(chong)交配。

4、產品收(shou)獲(huo)：根據果實成熟(shu)度、用途和市場需求綜合(he)確(que)定采收(shou)適期(qi)。成熟(shu)期(qi)不一致的(de)品種，應分期(qi)采收(shou)。

5、生產(chan)(chan)記錄要求：嶧城石榴的生產(chan)(chan)環節(jie)要規(gui)范操作，要求嚴(yan)格記錄，并建檔保存。

六.包裝標識相關規(gui)定(ding)

1、分級：對交售的(de)產品進行(xing)挑選(xuan)，清除觀感較(jiao)差(cha)的(de)果子，去除果蒂。

2、包(bao)裝：包(bao)裝物(wu)為專用紙箱(xiang)。裝箱(xiang)前(qian)認真填(tian)寫品名、規(gui)格、凈重、產地、檢驗員、日(ri)期、收貨人、批號。用膠袋封口機封箱(xiang)。

3、標識(shi)：原料(liao)收獲專用包裝(zhuang)標簽填(tian)(tian)寫(xie)：品名、規格、數量(liang)、產(chan)地、檢驗員、日期(qi)(qi)、收貨人(ren)、批號。裝(zhuang)箱時填(tian)(tian)寫(xie)生產(chan)記錄(lu)，認真記錄(lu):品名、生產(chan)日期(qi)(qi)、數量(liang)、生產(chan)負責人(ren)、檢驗員、原料(liao)批號等。

4、貯(zhu)藏：分級包裝號的產品應存放(fang)在指定的倉庫或恒溫庫(5℃)，以防損壞，并加以標識。貯(zhu)存區域(yu)要清潔，環境適宜，物(wu)品擺放(fang)整齊(qi)有序(xu)，定期檢查庫存情況(kuang)，貫徹先進先出的原則。