一.產品介紹
彰武(wu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)歷史由來已久,資源優勢明顯(xian)。彰武(wu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)多半土地(di)為沙質土壤,適合于(yu)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),白沙、唐(tang)油、阜花等優勢品種(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)該縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)已種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)多年,質量上(shang)乘(cheng),具備(bei)出口創匯(hui)能力(li)。自(zi)2010年彰武(wu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)把(ba)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)確(que)定為發展的主導產(chan)業(ye)以來,經(jing)過(guo)兩年努力(li),產(chan)業(ye)發展迅速,初具規模。2010年全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)85萬(wan)畝,花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)量達2.8億公(gong)斤。今年花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)為100萬(wan)畝,占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農作物播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)的43.5%,因受(shou)自(zi)然災害(hai)影響(xiang),總產(chan)量比(bi)去年略低(di),但仍將超(chao)過(guo)2.5億公(gong)斤,總產(chan)值9億元左右,全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農民僅從(cong)花生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一項(xiang)人均純收入就可增加4500元。
二.地域范圍
彰武(wu)地(di)處遼寧省西(xi)(xi)北部,科(ke)爾(er)沁沙地(di)南(nan)部。北緯(wei)42°07′—42°51′,東(dong)(dong)經(jing)121°53′—122°58′之間(jian),東(dong)(dong)連康平、法庫兩(liang)縣(xian),南(nan)接新(xin)(xin)(xin)民市,西(xi)(xi)隔繞陽河與阜新(xin)(xin)(xin)蒙古族自治(zhi)縣(xian)相鄰,北依內(nei)蒙古自治(zhi)區通遼市的庫倫(lun)旗和科(ke)爾(er)沁左翼后旗;全境呈(cheng)楓葉形,東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長87.5km,南(nan)北寬79km,總面積(ji)(ji)3641平方公里。覆蓋(gai)縣(xian)內(nei)彰武(wu)鎮(zhen)、哈爾(er)套鎮(zhen)、章(zhang)古臺鎮(zhen)、五(wu)峰鎮(zhen)、馮家鎮(zhen)、后新(xin)(xin)(xin)秋鎮(zhen)、東(dong)(dong)六鎮(zhen)、阿爾(er)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)、葦子(zi)溝鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、二道河子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)(xi)六家子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、兩(liang)家子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、雙(shuang)廟鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、平安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、滿堂紅鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四堡子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、豐田鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)德(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)冷鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、前(qian)福興(xing)地(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、興(xing)隆(long)堡鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、興(xing)隆(long)山鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)四鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四合城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)24個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen),面積(ji)(ji)100萬畝(mu)。
三(san).產品品質特性特征
(1)外在感官特征:彰武花生(sheng)在長期(qi)的栽培和自然(ran)條件下,形(xing)成了自己獨特的產品特征。花生(sheng)外觀整(zheng)齊一致,干凈潔白,籽仁有光(guang)澤,無裂紋,圓(yuan)潤飽滿,種皮粉紅色(se),莢果(guo)呈斧頭形(xing)或蠶繭形(xing),皮薄(bo),2粒莢,籽仁為橢圓(yuan)形(xing)。
(2)內在(zai)品(pin)質指標:經農業(ye)部農產品(pin)質量監督檢驗(yan)測試中心(沈(shen)陽(yang))測定,彰武(wu)花生(sheng)粗(cu)蛋白含(han)(han)量32.6%,比花生(sheng)蛋白平均值27.45%高(gao)出5.15%,使得彰武(wu)花生(sheng)表現出食味鮮香、細膩適口(kou)。同時,彰武(wu)花生(sheng)中還(huan)含(han)(han)有硫胺素(su)(su)、核黃素(su)(su)、尼克酸等多種(zhong)維生(sheng)素(su)(su),礦物質含(han)(han)量也很豐富(fu),特別是含(han)(han)有人體必(bi)須的氨基酸,有促(cu)進腦細胞發(fa)育,增強記憶的功能。
(3)產品質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定:明確登記產品市場準(zhun)入所遵循的國(guo)家強制性技術規(gui)(gui)(gui)范名(ming)稱、具體內容和(he)相關法律法規(gui)(gui)(gui)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定。 GB3059——1996 大氣質量(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun) GB5084——1992 農田灌溉水質標(biao)(biao)準(zhun) GB3838——1998 國(guo)家地面水質量(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun) GB4285——1989 農藥安(an)全(quan)使用標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。
二.自然生態環境(jing)和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang):彰(zhang)武縣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類型共有(you)8個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類,19個亞類,55個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬,68個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種。其主要構成(cheng)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)有(you):草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)11.82萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)32.88%,主要分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)(zai)境(jing)內(nei)東南部;風沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)11.72萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)32.6%,分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)(zai)北(bei)部及柳河(he)西(xi)岸;褐土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)6.67萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)18.55%,分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)(zai)西(xi)部;棕壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)4萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)11.3%,分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)(zai)東部;此(ci)外還有(you)少量(liang)的(de)(de)鹽土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、堿(jian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、泥炭土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),四項(xiang)之和占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)4.84%,主要分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)(zai)平(ping)原低洼地(di)區(qu);PH值在(zai)(zai)6.8-7.2之間(jian);土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤結構適宜(yi)、理化形(xing)狀好,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深30厘(li)米以(yi)上的(de)(de)輕壤或砂壤地(di),地(di)力中等以(yi)上,旱能(neng)澆(jiao),澇(lao)能(neng)排(pai),不內(nei)澇(lao),不高燥;土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤重金屬含量(liang)符合相關標準(zhun);有(you)機(ji)質含量(liang)1.2-1.3%之間(jian)。
(2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:境內主要河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)有(you)柳(liu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、繞(rao)陽(yang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、養息(xi)牧(mu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)和秀水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)(he)(he)四條,均(jun)(jun)屬遼(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系。柳(liu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)為(wei)本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)第一(yi)大(da)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu),在(zai)(zai)(zai)新民市(shi)境內匯入遼(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)(he)(he),在(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)境內流(liu)(liu)經10個(ge)鄉鎮,流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)全(quan)(quan)長117公(gong)里,全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)量4641萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),繞(rao)陽(yang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)長76.9公(gong)里,全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)量924.6萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi);養息(xi)牧(mu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)長97.9公(gong)里,全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)量1371.8萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi);秀水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)(he)(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)長19.55公(gong)里,全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)量1276.2萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)境內還(huan)有(you)42座水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫,總(zong)庫容9523立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),總(zong)控(kong)制面積1163平(ping)房公(gong)里。年(nian)(nian)總(zong)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)量為(wei)16.94億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)地表徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)2.08億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源豐富,總(zong)儲量達5.3億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)/年(nian)(nian),可開采地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源3.22億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)/年(nian)(nian),水(shui)(shui)(shui)質較好,沒(mei)有(you)人(ren)為(wei)及工業(ye)污(wu)染,是理想的(de)工農業(ye)生產和生活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)。
(3)氣候情(qing)況:彰武縣(xian)屬于(yu)北溫(wen)帶半干旱半濕潤大陸性(xing)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣候,主要特點是:四季(ji)(ji)分明(ming),雨熱同季(ji)(ji),晝夜溫(wen)差大,光照充(chong)足(zu),春(chun)季(ji)(ji)多風(feng),全(quan)年(nian)(nian)主 導(dao)風(feng)向(xiang)西(xi)南(nan)風(feng)。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)7.2℃,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降雨量(liang)510.3mm,多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蒸發 量(liang)為1781mm,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)對濕度57.0%,最(zui)低(di)濕度45.0%,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)風(feng)速為3.9米/秒(miao),平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)無(wu)霜期156天(tian),歷年(nian)(nian)大于(yu)10度活動積(ji)溫(wen)3200度,全(quan)年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照時(shi)數(shu)2822.6小時(shi)。彰武縣(xian)生(sheng)長季(ji)(ji)日(ri)照充(chong)沛,雨量(liang)適(shi)中,熱量(liang)條件(jian)對一茬(cha)中晚熟(shu)大田作物(wu)可基本滿足(zu),對早、中熟(shu)作物(wu)一茬(cha)有余。