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產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)是(shi)古南方絲綢之(zhi)(zhi)路要(yao)(yao)塞，遠(yuan)在(zai)“大禹治水(shui)”的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)即(ji)是(shi)九(jiu)州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)梁州(zhou)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)域。北周天和(he)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)568年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）置(zhi)邛(qiong)(qiong)部(bu)縣(xian)(xian)，至隋(sui)唐、宋(song)為(wei)(wei)(wei)邛(qiong)(qiong)部(bu)川，元(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)邛(qiong)(qiong)部(bu)州(zhou)，明為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲衛，清(qing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲廳(ting)。民(min)國(guo)初改為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲縣(xian)(xian)，1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)經國(guo)務院(yuan)批準越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲縣(xian)(xian)更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)植歷(li)史(shi)(shi)久遠(yuan)，且歷(li)來(lai)(lai)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)貢(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，《漢(han)(han)書》記載(zai)：“漢(han)(han)武帝平定西(xi)(xi)(xi)南夷(yi)，命(ming)邛(qiong)(qiong)、笮君長(chang)皆來(lai)(lai)貢(gong)獻。邛(qiong)(qiong)、笮候即(ji)以土產(chan)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)紅(hong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)”，《后(hou)漢(han)(han)書·公(gong)孫述傳(chuan)》、清(qing)初顧祖(zu)禹《讀史(shi)(shi)方輿紀(ji)要(yao)(yao)》、《元(yuan)志》、《涼(liang)山志》、《宋(song)史(shi)(shi)?本紀(ji)第(di)五(wu)(wu)》、《巴蜀史(shi)(shi)志?古代(dai)民(min)族(zu)》等都一(yi)一(yi)記載(zai)了越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)區所產(chan)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)遠(yuan)近知名(ming)的(de)(de)貢(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)以及與漢(han)(han)族(zu)地(di)(di)(di)區進(jin)(jin)行商品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)交換的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)物(wu)(wu)資。其中(zhong)，《元(yuan)志》、《涼(liang)山志》、《宋(song)史(shi)(shi)?本紀(ji)第(di)五(wu)(wu)》記載(zai)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)邛(qiong)(qiong)部(bu)川進(jin)(jin)貢(gong)北宋(song)太(tai)祖(zu)、太(tai)宗(zong)的(de)(de)土物(wu)(wu)，可(ke)(ke)見越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)種(zhong)植花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)距今已有(you)1000多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)屬南方絲綢之(zhi)(zhi)路正(zheng)路花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，又叫(jiao)背(bei)娃(wa)娃(wa)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、子母椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，因其椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)粒上(shang)并蒂附生(sheng)一(yi)至二粒未受(shou)精(jing)發育的(de)(de)小紅(hong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，尤如子母連蒂而得(de)名(ming)，俗稱“娃(wa)娃(wa)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)”，是(shi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)特(te)有(you)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，其果實(shi)油重(zhong)粒大、芳(fang)香(xiang)濃郁、色(se)澤(ze)紅(hong)潤(run)、香(xiang)麻可(ke)(ke)口、麻味(wei)(wei)純正(zheng)的(de)(de)獨特(te)風味(wei)(wei)享譽川內(nei)外(wai)(wai)，久負(fu)盛(sheng)名(ming)，是(shi)川味(wei)(wei)正(zheng)宗(zong)調料佳(jia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)在(zai)廣州(zhou)博(bo)覽會(hui)(hui)上(shang)脫穎(ying)而出，一(yi)舉奪得(de)同(tong)類(lei)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量評比第(di)一(yi)名(ming)。2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四(si)川省第(di)二屆冬季旅(lv)游(you)發展(zhan)大會(hui)(hui)涼(liang)山特(te)色(se)綠色(se)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)展(zhan)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)獲優質(zhi)獎(jiang)。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)各民(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)飲食(shi)習慣、特(te)色(se)美食(shi)都與芳(fang)香(xiang)濃郁、麻味(wei)(wei)純正(zheng)的(de)(de)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)分不(bu)開。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)彝族(zu)接待客人時，拌砣砣肉、煮酸(suan)菜湯、烤羊排(pai)、烤牛(niu)排(pai)、烤乳豬、烤魚等必不(bu)可(ke)(ke)少的(de)(de)調味(wei)(wei)佳(jia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)；越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)香(xiang)、麻也是(shi)四(si)川飲食(shi)風味(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)一(yi)大特(te)色(se)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)廚師所廣泛應用。“質(zhi)優、味(wei)(wei)醇、色(se)鮮”的(de)(de)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)首選饋贈佳(jia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。 同(tong)時，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)還是(shi)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)彝族(zu)敬神祭祀的(de)(de)用品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)農業(ye)(ye)三月底(di)，農作物(wu)(wu)播種(zhong)完時，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)彝族(zu)都要(yao)(yao)用花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)和(he)蒜(suan)水(shui)一(yi)起，請“畢摩”（ 念經的(de)(de)祭師）祈禱，并灑在(zai)自家(jia)住房和(he)畜(chu)圈內(nei)外(wai)(wai)，表示一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)已開始，用花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)和(he)蒜(suan)水(shui)驅趕(gan)騷(sao)擾他們家(jia)的(de)(de)魔鬼(gui)和(he)疾病，祈求家(jia)人幸福安康，家(jia)畜(chu)興旺發達，五(wu)(wu)谷(gu)豐收。 經上(shang)千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)積淀，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)得(de)到了消費者的(de)(de)認可(ke)(ke)和(he)青睞，產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)遠(yuan)銷省內(nei)外(wai)(wai)，市場價(jia)高出同(tong)類(lei)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)5至10元(yuan)。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai)，每當(dang)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)成(cheng)熟時節，外(wai)(wai)地(di)(di)(di)客商紛至而來(lai)(lai)甚是(shi)熱鬧。今年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)每公(gong)斤市場價(jia)達90元(yuan)以上(shang)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)曉江農特(te)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)公(gong)司對(dui)特(te)級產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)裝后(hou)每公(gong)斤售價(jia)高達480元(yuan) ，供不(bu)應求，形成(cheng)了強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)竟(jing)爭優勢。 目前，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)值占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)林業(ye)(ye)總產(chan)值的(de)(de)15%，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府已將花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)生(sheng)產(chan)列入了當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)“六(liu)大產(chan)業(ye)(ye)”發展(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)與四(si)川省林業(ye)(ye)科(ke)學研究(jiu)院(yuan)共(gong)同(tong)完成(cheng)了《越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)規劃》，計劃2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)—2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)規劃發展(zhan)20萬(wan)畝(mu)貢(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)基地(di)(di)(di)。

自然生態環境和(he)人文歷史(shi)因(yin)素

越西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)主(zhu)要地(di)(di)貌以中(zhong)高山和少(shao)量(liang)溝谷平(ping)(ping)壩為主(zhu)，山地(di)(di)面積占(zhan)90%以上(shang)，地(di)(di)勢南高北(bei)(bei)低，由南向北(bei)(bei)傾斜，境內海拔差較大(da)，大(da)約為1000-2000米(mi)。產地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質(zhi)地(di)(di)疏松(song)，輕壤(rang)至沙壤(rang)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有機質(zhi)含量(liang)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)為 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸堿適(shi)(shi)中(zhong)，適(shi)(shi)應(ying)花椒生長(chang)(chang)。境內水(shui)源豐(feng)富，水(shui)質(zhi)良好。越西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)氣(qi)(qi)候屬康定雅江暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)與西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)巴(ba)塘亞(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)氣(qi)(qi)候的過渡帶(dai)，以北(bei)(bei)亞(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)氣(qi)(qi)候為主(zhu)，具有氣(qi)(qi)候涼爽，雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛，干雨(yu)(yu)季分(fen)明(ming)，年(nian)溫(wen)差小，日(ri)(ri)溫(wen)差大(da)，立體垂直氣(qi)(qi)候特征明(ming)顯等特點。年(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年(nian)有效積溫(wen)達3915.7-3200℃，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)1017-1113mm，主(zhu)要集中(zhong)在6-10月(yue)，日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)間長(chang)(chang)，年(nian)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數達1612.9-1860小時(shi)(shi)，無霜期(qi)225-248天，特別(bie)是氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)穩(wen)定通過5℃的初日(ri)(ri)在于2月(yue)下旬，春季氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)回升快，引(yin)起(qi)椒樹開花早，椒果(guo)成熟快，7中(zhong)旬至8月(yue)上(shang)旬就可采收。

地域范圍

越西(xi)縣(xian)(xian)位(wei)于四川(chuan)省(sheng)西(xi)南部(bu)，涼山州北(bei)部(bu)，地處青(qing)藏高(gao)原(yuan)東緣，屬大涼山山系。越西(xi)貢椒農產品地理標志地域保護(hu)范圍(wei)為越西(xi)縣(xian)(xian)境內34個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)所屬的229個(ge)(ge)行政自然村，海拔幅(fu)度1200—2600米，地理位(wei)置(zhi)北(bei)緯(wei)28°20′-28°53′，東經102°24′-102°44′之(zhi)間。保護(hu)面積2.26萬公(gong)頃。

品質特性特征

（1）外在感官(guan)特征：越西貢椒食用部位為(wei)干燥果皮(pi)，其鮮(xian)果為(wei)球形，縫合線明顯(xian)，果皮(pi)鮮(xian)紅(hong)色(se)(se)，皮(pi)色(se)(se)艷麗有光澤，油胞較(jiao)大，椒粒基部常駢生一至二粒未受(shou)精(jing)發(fa)育的小紅(hong)椒。干果顏色(se)(se)紫紅(hong)至暗紅(hong)色(se)(se)，香味濃(nong)郁、麻味純正。 

（2）內在品質指標：越西貢椒揮發油≥4.0%、酰胺類物質≥24mg/g。 

（3）安(an)全要(yao)求：符合(he)NY 5323-2006《無(wu)公害食品 香辛料》標準(zhun)要(yao)求。