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產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)古南方(fang)絲綢之路要(yao)塞，遠在“大(da)(da)(da)禹治水”的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)代，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)即是(shi)(shi)(shi)九州(zhou)之一(yi)梁州(zhou)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)域(yu)。北周天和(he)(he)(he)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)568年(nian)(nian)(nian)）置邛(qiong)部縣(xian)(xian)，至隋唐(tang)、宋為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)邛(qiong)部川，元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)邛(qiong)部州(zhou)，明為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲衛(wei)，清為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲廳。民(min)國初(chu)改為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲縣(xian)(xian)，1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)經(jing)國務院(yuan)批準越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲縣(xian)(xian)更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)(zhong)植歷史(shi)(shi)久(jiu)遠，且歷來(lai)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)貢(gong)(gong)之物，《漢(han)書》記載：“漢(han)武帝平定西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南夷，命邛(qiong)、笮君長皆來(lai)貢(gong)(gong)獻。邛(qiong)、笮候即以土產(chan)(chan)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)紅為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)”，《后(hou)(hou)漢(han)書·公(gong)孫述傳》、清初(chu)顧祖(zu)(zu)禹《讀史(shi)(shi)方(fang)輿紀(ji)要(yao)》、《元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)志(zhi)》、《涼山志(zhi)》、《宋史(shi)(shi)?本(ben)(ben)紀(ji)第(di)五(wu)》、《巴蜀史(shi)(shi)志(zhi)?古代民(min)族(zu)》等都一(yi)一(yi)記載了(le)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)區(qu)所產(chan)(chan)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)遠近知名(ming)的(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)以及與漢(han)族(zu)地(di)(di)區(qu)進(jin)(jin)行商品(pin)(pin)(pin)交換的(de)(de)重要(yao)物資。其中，《元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)志(zhi)》、《涼山志(zhi)》、《宋史(shi)(shi)?本(ben)(ben)紀(ji)第(di)五(wu)》記載花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)邛(qiong)部川進(jin)(jin)貢(gong)(gong)北宋太祖(zu)(zu)、太宗(zong)的(de)(de)土物，可(ke)(ke)見越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)植花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)距今(jin)已(yi)有(you)1000多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)屬(shu)南方(fang)絲綢之路正(zheng)路花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，又叫背娃娃椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、子母椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，因其椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)粒上(shang)(shang)并(bing)蒂附生一(yi)至二(er)粒未(wei)受精發(fa)(fa)育的(de)(de)小紅椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，尤如子母連蒂而(er)得(de)名(ming)，俗稱“娃娃椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)特有(you)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，其果(guo)實油重粒大(da)(da)(da)、芳香(xiang)濃(nong)郁、色(se)(se)(se)澤紅潤、香(xiang)麻可(ke)(ke)口、麻味(wei)(wei)純正(zheng)的(de)(de)獨特風味(wei)(wei)享譽川內外，久(jiu)負(fu)盛名(ming)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)川味(wei)(wei)正(zheng)宗(zong)調(diao)料佳(jia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)在廣州(zhou)博覽會(hui)上(shang)(shang)脫穎而(er)出(chu)，一(yi)舉奪(duo)得(de)同(tong)類(lei)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量評(ping)比第(di)一(yi)名(ming)。2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)四(si)川省第(di)二(er)屆冬季旅游發(fa)(fa)展大(da)(da)(da)會(hui)涼山特色(se)(se)(se)綠色(se)(se)(se)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)展會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)獲優質獎。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)各(ge)民(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)飲(yin)食習慣(guan)、特色(se)(se)(se)美食都與芳香(xiang)濃(nong)郁、麻味(wei)(wei)純正(zheng)的(de)(de)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)分不開。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)當地(di)(di)彝(yi)族(zu)接待客(ke)人(ren)時(shi)，拌(ban)砣砣肉(rou)、煮(zhu)酸菜湯、烤(kao)羊排(pai)、烤(kao)牛排(pai)、烤(kao)乳(ru)豬、烤(kao)魚等必不可(ke)(ke)少的(de)(de)調(diao)味(wei)(wei)佳(jia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)；越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)香(xiang)、麻也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)川飲(yin)食風味(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)一(yi)大(da)(da)(da)特色(se)(se)(se)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廚(chu)師所廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。“質優、味(wei)(wei)醇、色(se)(se)(se)鮮(xian)”的(de)(de)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首選饋贈佳(jia)品(pin)(pin)(pin)。 同(tong)時(shi)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)當地(di)(di)彝(yi)族(zu)敬神祭(ji)祀的(de)(de)用(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)。每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)農業(ye)三(san)(san)月底，農作物播種(zhong)(zhong)完時(shi)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)彝(yi)族(zu)都要(yao)用(yong)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水和(he)(he)(he)蒜水一(yi)起，請(qing)“畢摩”（ 念經(jing)的(de)(de)祭(ji)師）祈禱，并(bing)灑在自家住房和(he)(he)(he)畜圈(quan)內外，表示一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)已(yi)開始(shi)，用(yong)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水和(he)(he)(he)蒜水驅(qu)趕騷(sao)擾他們家的(de)(de)魔鬼和(he)(he)(he)疾(ji)病，祈求家人(ren)幸福安康，家畜興旺發(fa)(fa)達，五(wu)谷豐(feng)收。 經(jing)上(shang)(shang)千(qian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)積淀，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)得(de)到了(le)消費(fei)者的(de)(de)認(ren)可(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)青(qing)睞，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)遠銷(xiao)省內外，市場價高出(chu)同(tong)類(lei)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)5至10元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，每(mei)當花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)成熟時(shi)節，外地(di)(di)客(ke)商紛(fen)至而(er)來(lai)甚是(shi)(shi)(shi)熱鬧(nao)。今(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)每(mei)公(gong)斤(jin)市場價達90元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以上(shang)(shang)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)曉江農特產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展公(gong)司對(dui)特級產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)包裝后(hou)(hou)每(mei)公(gong)斤(jin)售價高達480元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan) ，供不應(ying)(ying)求，形成了(le)強烈的(de)(de)竟爭優勢。 目前，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)值占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)全年(nian)(nian)(nian)林(lin)業(ye)總產(chan)(chan)值的(de)(de)15%，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政府已(yi)將花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)生產(chan)(chan)列(lie)入了(le)當地(di)(di)“六(liu)大(da)(da)(da)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)”發(fa)(fa)展之一(yi)，2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)與四(si)川省林(lin)業(ye)科學研(yan)究院(yuan)共同(tong)完成了(le)《越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展規(gui)劃(hua)》，計(ji)劃(hua)2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)—2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)規(gui)劃(hua)發(fa)(fa)展20萬畝貢(gong)(gong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)基地(di)(di)。

自然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素

越(yue)西(xi)縣主要(yao)地(di)貌以(yi)中(zhong)高(gao)山(shan)和少量(liang)溝谷平壩(ba)為主，山(shan)地(di)面積占90%以(yi)上(shang)，地(di)勢南高(gao)北(bei)低，由(you)南向北(bei)傾斜，境(jing)內海(hai)拔差(cha)較大(da)(da)，大(da)(da)約為1000-2000米。產地(di)土壤質地(di)疏(shu)松，輕壤至(zhi)沙(sha)壤，土壤有(you)機質含量(liang)平均(jun)為 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸堿適(shi)中(zhong)，適(shi)應花椒(jiao)生長。境(jing)內水源(yuan)豐富，水質良好(hao)。越(yue)西(xi)縣氣(qi)候(hou)屬康定雅江暖溫(wen)帶(dai)與西(xi)昌巴塘亞熱(re)帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)的過渡(du)帶(dai)，以(yi)北(bei)亞熱(re)帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)為主，具有(you)氣(qi)候(hou)涼爽，雨(yu)量(liang)充沛，干雨(yu)季分明，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)溫(wen)差(cha)小(xiao)，日(ri)溫(wen)差(cha)大(da)(da)，立體垂(chui)直氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)明顯(xian)等(deng)特點。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)效積溫(wen)達3915.7-3200℃，平均(jun)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降水量(liang)1017-1113mm，主要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)6-10月，日(ri)照(zhao)時間(jian)長，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數達1612.9-1860小(xiao)時，無霜期225-248天(tian)，特別(bie)是氣(qi)溫(wen)穩定通過5℃的初日(ri)在(zai)于2月下旬，春季氣(qi)溫(wen)回升快(kuai)，引起椒(jiao)樹(shu)開花早，椒(jiao)果成熟快(kuai)，7中(zhong)旬至(zhi)8月上(shang)旬就可采(cai)收。

地域范圍

越西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣位于四川省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南部，涼山州北(bei)部，地處青藏高(gao)原東緣，屬(shu)大涼山山系。越西(xi)(xi)(xi)貢椒農產品地理(li)標(biao)志地域保(bao)(bao)護范圍為(wei)越西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣境內34個鄉鎮所屬(shu)的229個行政自然村，海拔幅(fu)度(du)1200—2600米，地理(li)位置北(bei)緯28°20′-28°53′，東經102°24′-102°44′之間。保(bao)(bao)護面積(ji)2.26萬公頃。

品質特性特征

（1）外在感官特征：越西貢椒(jiao)食用部位為(wei)干(gan)燥果(guo)皮(pi)，其(qi)鮮(xian)果(guo)為(wei)球(qiu)形，縫合線明顯，果(guo)皮(pi)鮮(xian)紅色，皮(pi)色艷麗有光澤，油胞較大(da)，椒(jiao)粒基部常(chang)駢生一至二粒未受精發育(yu)的(de)小紅椒(jiao)。干(gan)果(guo)顏(yan)色紫紅至暗紅色，香味濃郁、麻味純(chun)正。 

（2）內在品(pin)質指標(biao)：越西貢(gong)椒(jiao)揮發油≥4.0%、酰胺類物質≥24mg/g。 

（3）安全要求：符合NY 5323-2006《無公害食(shi)品(pin) 香(xiang)辛料》標(biao)準要求。