茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)是中(zhong)華民(min)族的(de)(de)(de)(de)“國(guo)飲(yin)”,伴隨著人類的(de)(de)(de)(de)進步,典雅、高貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化源遠(yuan)流長。木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)是神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)林(lin)(lin)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)重鎮(zhen)(zhen)。唐代陸羽(733—804)在(zai)《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)徑》中(zhong)稱:“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之為(wei)(wei)飲(yin)、發乎神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)氏”;“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)者(zhe)(zhe)南方之嘉木(mu)也,巴山(shan)(shan)、峽川有(you)(you)二人合(he)抱(bao)者(zhe)(zhe)”。《神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)本草經》記載(zai):“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)采(cai)藥、為(wei)(wei)民(min)療疾,日遇七十二毒,得(de)荼而解(jie)之”。在(zai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen),至今還流傳著許多(duo)關(guan)于(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)悠(you)美故事:少女(nv)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)王昭(zhao)君(jun)(jun)常(chang)在(zai)香(xiang)溪河畔的(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)采(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)境內),并向采(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)姑娘學唱(chang)采(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歌,昭(zhao)君(jun)(jun)還把自己親(qin)自焙(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)送給(gei)四鄉八鄰的(de)(de)(de)(de)姐妹們品(pin)嘗(chang),那些喝過昭(zhao)君(jun)(jun)贈茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)姑娘們一(yi)(yi)個個越長越美。 據現(xian)代《神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)志》記載(zai):1977年(nian)(nian),木(mu)魚(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)總面積(ji)有(you)(you)3735畝,年(nian)(nian)產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)3.09萬(wan)公斤。因制(zhi)(zhi)作技術(shu)落后,商品(pin)率低。1985年(nian)(nian)后,重視茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)改造(zao),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)生產逐年(nian)(nian)得(de)到(dao)發展(zhan)(zhan)。1986年(nian)(nian),在(zai)湖北農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)科院果茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)研究(jiu)所(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指導下(xia)(xia),陸續制(zhi)(zhi)作出(chu)了木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)優(you)(you)品(pin)牌,如(ru)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)峰(feng)”、“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)碧峰(feng)”等(deng)。其中(zhong)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)峰(feng)”茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)于(yu)1992年(nian)(nian)被省農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)牧廳確定為(wei)(wei)“湖北名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”,原(yuan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)部(bu)長何康品(pin)嘗(chang)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)峰(feng)”后,贊不(bu)絕口,親(qin)筆題下(xia)(xia)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)峰(feng)”四字(zi)。2007年(nian)(nian),神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)野(ye)生種質(zhi)資(zi)源調查過程中(zhong),在(zai)木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)山(shan)(shan)老(lao)林(lin)(lin)中(zhong)發現(xian)有(you)(you)野(ye)生茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹群落,據當地八十多(duo)歲(sui)老(lao)人反映,過去有(you)(you)很多(duo)野(ye)生大(da)(da)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)將其做(zuo)檁(lin)條或解(jie)成椽子(zi)做(zuo)建房材(cai)料(liao)。悠(you)久(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷史,動人的(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)故事,充分說明神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷史悠(you)久(jiu),是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)發源地之一(yi)(yi)。目前,神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)架(jia)林(lin)(lin)區茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)種植總面積(ji)近2萬(wan)畝,70%以上集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen),木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)可采(cai)摘面積(ji)1.2萬(wan)畝,年(nian)(nian)產量100噸左右。木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)分芽(ya)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)和(he)炒(chao)青兩種。芽(ya)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(其商品(pin)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)奇(qi)(qi)峰(feng)”)外形(xing)呈(cheng)扁形(xing),干葉(xie)白毫附體,色澤翠綠(lv)(lv),香(xiang)氣(qi)栗香(xiang)持久(jiu),湯色黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明亮(liang),葉(xie)底嫩黃(huang)(huang)均整,滋(zi)味醇厚回(hui)甘。炒(chao)青為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)芽(ya)一(yi)(yi)葉(xie)或一(yi)(yi)芽(ya)二葉(xie),外形(xing)呈(cheng)條形(xing),干葉(xie)緊實墨綠(lv)(lv),清(qing)香(xiang),湯色黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv),滋(zi)味鮮(xian)爽醇厚,葉(xie)底黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)(lv)明亮(liang)。木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)內質(zhi)豐富,含(han)天然硒(xi)元素(su),水(shui)(shui)浸出(chu)物≧35%,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)多(duo)酚(fen)≧12%,氨基酸≧4.0%。深(shen)山(shan)(shan)云霧出(chu)好茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),木(mu)魚(yu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)平均海拔1200米,森林(lin)(lin)覆蓋率88.6%,常(chang)年(nian)(nian)云霧繚繞,區域內無工礦企(qi)業(ye),無“三廢”污染,空氣(qi)清(qing)新,水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)清(qing)潔,土壤肥沃,優(you)(you)越的(de)(de)(de)(de)生態環境造(zao)就了木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質(zhi),產品(pin)深(shen)受各地游(you)客青睞(lai),暢銷武漢、上海、北京、深(shen)圳等(deng)多(duo)個大(da)(da)中(zhong)城市及日本、韓國(guo)、臺灣等(deng)國(guo)家和(he)地區。 木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)(lv)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)于(yu)2013年(nian)(nian)12月30日通過農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)認證(zheng)(zheng)頒(ban)證(zheng)(zheng),登記證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)編號為(wei)(wei):AGIO1323.
木(mu)魚綠茶是湖北省神農架林(lin)區木(mu)魚鎮的特產。木(mu)魚綠茶干葉白毫附體,色澤(ze)翠綠,香氣(qi)栗(li)香持久,湯色黃綠明亮(liang),葉底嫩黃均整,滋味醇厚回(hui)甜,品質(zhi)特征顯著。木(mu)魚綠茶是國家(jia)農產品地理標志(zhi)保護產品。
木魚鎮(zhen)地處(chu)神(shen)農架(jia)南部,海拔1200米,年均氣溫(wen)11.6℃,最(zui)熱月(yue)均溫(wen)度(du)22℃,極端高溫(wen)33℃,最(zui)冷月(yue)均溫(wen)1.2℃。極端低溫(wen)-10.6℃,無(wu)霜期217天,年降雨量1000毫升,屬于典型的北亞熱季風性濕潤氣候類型,四季宜(yi)人,長期可(ke)居。東南與興山縣、西(xi)南與巴東縣接(jie)壤,西(xi)與神(shen)農架(jia)林區下(xia)谷(gu)鄉(xiang)、西(xi)北與紅坪(ping)鎮(zhen)、東北與宋(song)洛鄉(xiang)連(lian)接(jie)。
神農(nong)架地理位置特殊,生(sheng)態環境優越,是發展綠(lv)色食品(pin)、有機食品(pin)的(de)理想場所,木魚綠(lv)茶干(gan)葉白毫(hao)附體,色澤翠綠(lv),香氣栗香持(chi)久,湯色黃綠(lv)明亮,葉底(di)嫩黃均(jun)整,滋味(wei)醇厚回甜,品(pin)質特征顯著。
2013年,湖北(bei)神農(nong)(nong)架(jia)林區(qu)深山茶(cha)業專(zhuan)業合作社申報的“木魚綠茶(cha)”通過農(nong)(nong)業部農(nong)(nong)產品質(zhi)量安(an)全中(zhong)心審查和組(zu)織專(zhuan)家(jia)評審,實施國家(jia)農(nong)(nong)產品地理標志登(deng)記(ji)保護。
地域范圍
木(mu)魚(yu)綠(lv)茶的產地(di)范圍為神農架現今(jin)行(xing)政區(qu)劃的木(mu)魚(yu)全鎮。木(mu)魚(yu)鎮是湖北省省級(ji)旅游明星鎮,位(wei)于神農架林區(qu)南部,地(di)理坐標東經110°21ˊ~110°36ˊ,北緯(wei)31°19ˊ~31°31ˊ,總面(mian)積(ji)437平方公里,轄8個行(xing)政村(cun)(cun),分(fen)別是:青(qing)天村(cun)(cun)、木(mu)魚(yu)村(cun)(cun)、小當(dang)陽村(cun)(cun)、青(qing)峰村(cun)(cun)、紅花(hua)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)村(cun)(cun)、茅(mao)胡(hu)村(cun)(cun)、三堆(dui)河村(cun)(cun)、九(jiu)沖村(cun)(cun);2個居(ju)委會,分(fen)別是木(mu)魚(yu)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)居(ju)委會、紅花(hua)坪(ping)(ping)(ping)居(ju)委會。海拔600~1400米(mi),南接宜(yi)昌(chang)興山縣,北接林區(qu)紅坪(ping)(ping)(ping)鎮,東接林區(qu)宋(song)洛鄉,西接林區(qu)下(xia)谷坪(ping)(ping)(ping)少數(shu)民族自治鄉。目前茶葉(xie)種植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)1.2萬畝,總產量(liang)100噸左右。