一.產品介紹
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)的發(fa)(fa)掘(jue),確證(zheng)了(le)(le)(le)這座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是當今中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)最(zui)(zui)早(zao)(zao)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)南(nan)方史前大(da)溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)至石家河文(wen)化(hua)(hua)時期的遺(yi)址,距(ju)今6500年(nian)(nian)至7000年(nian)(nian)。約在6500年(nian)(nian)前的大(da)溪(xi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)早(zao)(zao)期,人(ren)們開始在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)掘(jue)壕溝(gou),筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻。1997年(nian)(nian)冬(dong)考古(gu)學家在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻發(fa)(fa)掘(jue)時,發(fa)(fa)現平行排列(lie)著(zhu)(zhu)三丘古(gu)稻(dao)田(tian),其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)面積最(zui)(zui)大(da)的為0.3畝。灌(guan)溉(gai)設施已初步配(pei)套(tao)。用碳(tan)十四和光(guang)釋光(guang)測年(nian)(nian)的方法(fa)測定(ding)農(nong)田(tian)中(zhong)的泥土下層距(ju)今6000——6600年(nian)(nian),國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外專家學者(zhe)將城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)譽(yu)為“城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池之母,稻(dao)作之源”。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)大(da)米以其(qi)(qi)悠(you)久的農(nong)耕文(wen)化(hua)(hua)、優(you)越(yue)的自然條件和標準化(hua)(hua)栽培(pei)技術,隨著(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)濟、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)、信息(xi)的高度發(fa)(fa)展,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)大(da)米具有的獨(du)特品質、風味、口感(gan),得(de)(de)到了(le)(le)(le)當地政府(fu)、生產(chan)者(zhe)、經(jing)營者(zhe)和消費者(zhe)的廣泛認同,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)山(shan)大(da)米產(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)得(de)(de)到了(le)(le)(le)迅(xun)猛發(fa)(fa)展,種(zhong)植(zhi)面積穩定(ding)在30萬畝以上,產(chan)量突破15萬噸大(da)關,產(chan)品遠銷全國(guo)(guo)各地,以大(da)米為原料的食品加工業(ye)(ye)得(de)(de)到了(le)(le)(le)迅(xun)猛發(fa)(fa)展,帶來了(le)(le)(le)相(xiang)當豐厚的經(jing)濟效益(yi)(yi),生態效益(yi)(yi)和社會效益(yi)(yi),強有力(li)促進了(le)(le)(le)澧縣縣域(yu)經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展。
二.自然(ran)生(sheng)態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素
1、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌(mao)情況:城頭山大米(mi)基地以(yi)澧陽(yang)河(he)流沖擊平原地形(xing)地貌(mao)為(wei)主(zhu)體,地勢平坦,稻田(tian)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)紅(hong)黃泥、淺紅(hong)黃泥、青隔紅(hong)黃泥、青隔河(he)沙泥、白散泥、青泥田(tian)等土(tu)種為(wei)主(zhu),土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)沃(wo)、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)質3.3%,pH值6.2-7.5,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)耕作(zuo)層厚度15.5厘米(mi),土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)全氮1.9g/kg,,全磷1.4g/kg,,全鉀17.9g/kg,,堿解氮138.3mg/kg,有(you)效磷15.5g/kg,緩效鉀296g/kg,, 速效鉀97mg/kg。地形(xing)地貌(mao)和土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)條件非常適宜大米(mi)的生(sheng)產。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):城頭山大米(mi)生(sheng)產區域內有澧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、道水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、涔水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、澹水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、松滋5水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流經,有大型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫1座,中型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫4處(chu),小Ⅰ型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫18座,小Ⅱ型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫55座;塘(tang)壩(ba)2.47萬處(chu),擁(yong)有電(dian)力排灌(guan)固定機埠300處(chu)。產地不僅水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源豐富,而且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質良好(hao),經多次監測(ce),符(fu)合NY5116質量標準。
3、氣候情況:城(cheng)頭山稻米生產基(ji)地屬(shu)于大陸季(ji)風濕潤性氣候,熱量(liang)豐富,光照充足(zu),雨量(liang)充沛。多(duo)(duo)年平均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣溫為(wei)16.5℃。≥10℃年有效積溫 3300°以上,年均(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)照1732.6小時,日(ri)照率為(wei)40%。多(duo)(duo)年平均(jun)(jun)(jun)降雨量(liang)1330.9mm,降水比(bi)較豐沛,也比(bi)較集(ji)中,溫光水資源(yuan)多(duo)(duo)集(ji)中在4——10月,且基(ji)本同季(ji),組合效應好(hao),極利(li)于城(cheng)頭山水稻生長發育和大米獨特品質形成。
4、人(ren)(ren)文(wen)歷史:城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)掘(jue),確證了(le)這座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是當今中(zhong)國(guo)最(zui)早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。是中(zhong)國(guo)南方史前大(da)(da)(da)溪文(wen)化(hua)至石家河文(wen)化(hua)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺址,距今6500年至7000年。約在(zai)6500年前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)溪文(wen)化(hua)早期,人(ren)(ren)們開始在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)掘(jue)壕溝(gou),筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻。1997年冬考(kao)古學家在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻發(fa)(fa)掘(jue)時,發(fa)(fa)現平行排(pai)列著三丘古稻(dao)田,其中(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)為0.3畝。灌溉設施已初步(bu)配(pei)套。用碳十四(si)和(he)(he)光(guang)釋光(guang)測(ce)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法測(ce)定(ding)(ding)農田中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泥土下(xia)層距今6000——6600年,國(guo)內外專家學者將(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)譽(yu)為“城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池之(zhi)母,稻(dao)作之(zhi)源”。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)以其悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農耕文(wen)化(hua)、優越的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然條件(jian)和(he)(he)標準化(hua)栽培技術,隨著經(jing)濟(ji)、文(wen)化(hua)、信息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度發(fa)(fa)展,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)具有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)品(pin)質(zhi)、風(feng)味、口感(gan),得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)當地(di)政府、生(sheng)產者、經(jing)營者和(he)(he)消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣泛認同,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)產業化(hua)得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)迅(xun)猛發(fa)(fa)展,種植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)穩定(ding)(ding)在(zai)30萬(wan)(wan)畝以上(shang),產量突(tu)破15萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)大(da)(da)(da)關,產品(pin)遠銷全國(guo)各地(di),以大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)為原料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食品(pin)加工(gong)業得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)迅(xun)猛發(fa)(fa)展,帶來了(le)相當豐(feng)厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi),生(sheng)態(tai)效(xiao)益(yi)和(he)(he)社會效(xiao)益(yi),強有力促進了(le)澧縣縣域經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展。
三.地域范圍
城頭(tou)山大米農(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)地域(yu)保護范(fan)圍包括(kuo)澧(li)(li)縣張公廟、澧(li)(li)陽、澧(li)(li)南(nan)、澧(li)(li)東、道河、大堰當、大坪、車溪、涔(cen)南(nan)、夢溪、雷(lei)公塔(ta)等11個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)。地理(li)坐標(biao)位于: 東經111°35′08〞—111°55′43〞, 北(bei)緯29°30′12〞—29°50′36〞。城頭(tou)山水稻生產(chan)總面(mian)積30萬畝。稻米年(nian)產(chan)量15萬噸(dun)。
四(si).產品品質特性特征
1、外(wai)在感官特征:城頭(tou)(tou)山(shan)(shan)水(shui)稻橢圓(yuan)形,籽(zi)粒飽滿,整精米(mi)(mi)率達(da)到60-65%,其商品價值(zhi)高(gao),城頭(tou)(tou)山(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)為秈型大(da)(da)米(mi)(mi),長(chang)粒,米(mi)(mi)質透明、米(mi)(mi)質半透明、有(you)光澤(ze)、堊白度低,香(xiang)味(wei)濃郁,具有(you)本區域大(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)固有(you)的(de)自然清香(xiang)味(wei)。城頭(tou)(tou)山(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)做出的(de)米(mi)(mi)飯色(se)澤(ze)透明,有(you)光澤(ze)(油性)、香(xiang)味(wei)濃郁、米(mi)(mi)飯有(you)黏性、口感好,咀嚼時有(you)甜味(wei),米(mi)(mi)飯冷卻后不易回(hui)生(sheng)。
2、內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標。城頭山大米(mi)含膳食纖(xian)維(wei)1.9-2.5%;蛋白質(zhi)7.9-10.5%,脂肪0.5-0.8%,碳水化合物65.5-80%,直鏈淀粉(干基)12.0-15.5%,鈉1.4-1.8mg/100g,鈣5.5-6.9mg/100g,磷58.5-72.5 mg/100g,膠稠度(du)60.5-77.5mm,同(tong)(tong)時含有維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)(su)B族、維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)(su)E、和鋅、硒(xi)等(deng)多種營養元素(su)(su)。同(tong)(tong)時城頭山大米(mi)質(zhi)量符(fu)合無公害農(nong)產品質(zhi)量標準(zhun)。?
3、安(an)全要求:城頭山大米產(chan)品符合(he)《中華人民(min)(min)共(gong)和(he)(he)國(guo)農(nong)產(chan)品質(zhi)量安(an)全法》、《中華人民(min)(min)共(gong)和(he)(he)國(guo)食品安(an)全法》等(deng)相關(guan)規(gui)范和(he)(he)法律法規(gui)規(gui)定(ding)。