產品介紹
蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)在(zai)覃(tan)塘(tang)種(zhong)植(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)一千(qian)多年(nian)(nian)歷史,位于松柏山(shan)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)覃(tan)塘(tang)鎮(zhen)六燕屯,其生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)紅(hong)(hong)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)是典型代表,以(yi)味道清香、口感粉(fen)(fen)酥而(er)名(ming)揚區(qu)(qu)內外(wai),可(ke)謂“藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)中之王古嶺南有(you)(you)(you)一民(min)(min)諺:“陸(lu)川豬,北(bei)流魚,貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),高(gao)州蕃薯(shu)”,可(ke)見覃(tan)塘(tang)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)作為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)方美食(shi)已流芳千(qian)年(nian)(nian)。覃(tan)塘(tang)區(qu)(qu)是原貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)升(sheng)格(ge)為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)級(ji)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)港(gang)市后,于1996年(nian)(nian)成立的(de)(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)行(xing)政新區(qu)(qu),管轄覃(tan)塘(tang)鎮(zhen)、三里鎮(zhen)、東龍(long)鎮(zhen)、蒙公(gong)鄉(xiang)、樟木鄉(xiang)、山(shan)北(bei)鄉(xiang)、黃練鎮(zhen)、五里鎮(zhen)、大(da)嶺鄉(xiang)、石卡鎮(zhen)10個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)。1990版縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)《貴(gui)(gui)(gui)港(gang)市志》第(di)404頁記(ji)載:解放后,50年(nian)(nian)代縣(xian)(xian)內以(yi)種(zhong)塘(tang)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)為(wei)(wei)主,田藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)少許(xu)。60和70年(nian)(nian)代,因水利條件(jian)較好(hao),田藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)發展較快。80年(nian)(nian)代以(yi)后,農(nong)民(min)(min)在(zai)承(cheng)包地(di)(di)種(zhong)田藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou),年(nian)(nian)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積約1萬畝,主產地(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)覃(tan)塘(tang),年(nian)(nian)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積二三千(qian)畝。其次是附城、大(da)圩、根竹(zhu)、三里、東龍(long)、蒙公(gong)等鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)。據(ju)此,當(dang)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)”即現在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“覃(tan)塘(tang)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)”。 宋(song)代陸(lu)游旅居貴(gui)(gui)(gui)港(gang)潯州時(shi),吟(yin)有(you)(you)(you)覃(tan)塘(tang)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕句,詩云:“名(ming)園中有(you)(you)(you)十(shi)頃(qing)池,一錢不用君(jun)得(de)之。菱(ling)荷枯折小鴨睡,絕謝紅(hong)(hong)妝青蓋時(shi)。清代光緒(xu)年(nian)(nian)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)《貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)志》物(wu)產篇(pian)里詳記(ji)了覃(tan)塘(tang)蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)分紅(hong)(hong)花(hua)、白(bai)花(hua)二個品種(zhong),白(bai)花(hua)品種(zhong)高(gao)產質優。在(zai)物(wu)景(jing)(jing)篇(pian)里貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)八景(jing)(jing)之一“蓮(lian)塘(tang)夜雨(yu)”描述了碧荷萬頃(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)色。民(min)(min)國(guo)《貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)志》記(ji)載:民(min)(min)國(guo)期間貴(gui)(gui)(gui)縣(xian)(xian)已有(you)(you)(you)相當(dang)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)粉(fen)(fen)制造業,藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)粉(fen)(fen)暢銷(xiao)粵港(gang)澳地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)。1、外(wai)在(zai)感觀特征植(zhi)株高(gao)大(da),高(gao)達1.8~2.2米(mi)。葉片圓形(xing),直徑70~85厘(li)米(mi),濃(nong)(nong)灰綠色。葉柄(bing)粗(cu),有(you)(you)(you)硬刺。花(hua)白(bai)色,花(hua)瓣末端(duan)粉(fen)(fen)紅(hong)(hong)色。藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)皮蝦肉色,藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)身粗(cu)短、略扁圓,有(you)(you)(you)一縱溝,母(mu)藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)長80~120厘(li)米(mi),5~8節,節間長10~20厘(li)米(mi),剖面肉厚、色澤透亮(liang)、藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)絲少、鮮藕(ou)(ou)(ou)(ou)甜香2、內在(zai)品質每100克(ke)(ke)(ke)含粗(cu)蛋(dan)白(bai)質2.57克(ke)(ke)(ke),淀粉(fen)(fen)10.6克(ke)(ke)(ke),可(ke)溶(rong)性糖2.88克(ke)(ke)(ke),粗(cu)纖(xian)維0.3克(ke)(ke)(ke)。煮(zhu)食(shi)粉(fen)(fen)而(er)無渣、湯(tang)色紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)、濃(nong)(nong)香(農(nong)業部(bu)亞熱帶(dai)果品蔬菜質量監(jian)督檢驗測試中心檢測)。
自然(ran)生(sheng)態環(huan)境和人(ren)文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地貌情況:覃塘蓮藕種(zhong)(zhong)植區域地勢(shi)為(wei)西北高,逐步(bu)向(xiang)南(nan)、中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)傾斜,南(nan)、中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)多屬平原(yuan)。全區土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有七大成土(tu)(tu)(tu)母(mu)質共82個土(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)平原(yuan)水田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)(zhong)主要是潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、油沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)棕泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)潮(chao)泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)黃泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)子(zi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)子(zi)底田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、棕泥(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)蠟泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)潮(chao)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)等(deng)12類(lei)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)24.81%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)11.2%、油沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)1.43%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)棕泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)7.23%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)潮(chao)泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)0.91%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)黃泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)2.32%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)子(zi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)5.42%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)子(zi)底田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)9.31%、棕泥(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)1.13%、沙(sha)(sha)(sha)泥(ni)(ni)肉(rou)(rou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)1.61%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)蠟泥(ni)(ni)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)2.96%、潴(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)育(yu)(yu)(yu)潮(chao)沙(sha)(sha)(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)占(zhan)1.41%、其(qi)它占(zhan)30.8%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)PH值在6.1-7.2左右。
(2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況:覃塘蓮(lian)藕保護范圍內(nei)河流均屬珠江流域西江水(shui)(shui)(shui)系,其中郁江為最大河流,其他主要(yao)河流5條,水(shui)(shui)(shui)力資源蘊藏(zang)豐(feng)富。區境內(nei)主要(yao)河流河道總(zong)長148.13公(gong)里,集水(shui)(shui)(shui)面積1092.1平方公(gong)里。全區地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)量(liang)11.11億立(li)(li)方米(mi),地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)量(liang)1.45億立(li)(li)方米(mi),地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可利(li)用(yong)量(liang)11.11億立(li)(li)方米(mi)。全區用(yong)于農田灌溉的中小型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)六座、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質優良無污染(ran)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)質符合國家(jia)有(you)關(guan)標準。
(3)氣(qi)候情(qing)況:覃塘(tang)蓮藕(ou)保護范圍(wei)屬南亞熱帶濕(shi)潤(run)季風(feng)氣(qi)候,光(guang)(guang)溫(wen)雨(yu)資(zi)源非常豐富。年平均(jun)日照時數為1613小時,年太陽(yang)總(zong)輻射量為10.7萬(wan)卡/厘(li)米2,年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)23.9℃以上(shang),大(da)于(yu)或(huo)等于(yu)10℃的(de)(de)年積(ji)溫(wen)為7313℃,年平均(jun)無霜期長達306天以上(shang),年平均(jun)相對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)79.5%,年降(jiang)雨(yu)量在(zai)1500―2100mm之間。降(jiang)雨(yu)主要集中在(zai)夏季,冬季雨(yu)量少。溫(wen)度(du)、光(guang)(guang)照、降(jiang)雨(yu)等條件都十分(fen)適宜蓮藕(ou)的(de)(de)生長。
地域范圍
覃(tan)塘蓮藕(ou)保護范(fan)圍位(wei)于廣西(xi)東南(nan)(nan)(nan)部的(de)覃(tan)塘區,包括(kuo)覃(tan)塘鎮(zhen)(zhen)、東龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)、三(san)里(li)(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、黃練(lian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、石卡鎮(zhen)(zhen)、五里(li)(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、山北鄉(xiang)、樟木(mu)鄉(xiang)、蒙公鄉(xiang)、大嶺鄉(xiang)等十個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)。保護范(fan)圍位(wei)于東經108°58′~109°18′,北緯22°48′~23°25′之間(jian),東與(yu)(yu)港北區接壤,西(xi)與(yu)(yu)賓(bin)陽(yang)縣、橫縣毗鄰,南(nan)(nan)(nan)與(yu)(yu)港南(nan)(nan)(nan)區隔郁江(jiang)相望,北與(yu)(yu)來賓(bin)市的(de)武宣(xuan)縣、興賓(bin)區交界(jie)。邊境線總(zong)長217.6公里(li)(li)、東西(xi)寬31.2公里(li)(li)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)北長69.6公里(li)(li)。保護范(fan)圍面積1.2萬公頃。現(xian)年產量110000噸。
品質特性特征
(1)外在感官(guan)特征:藕皮蝦肉色(se),藕身粗(cu)短(duan)、略扁圓,有一縱溝(gou),母藕長80~120厘米(mi),5~8節(jie),節(jie)間長10~20厘米(mi),剖面肉厚、色(se)澤透亮(liang)、藕絲(si)少、鮮藕甜香、煮食(shi)粉而無渣、湯色(se)紅亮(liang)、濃香。
(2)內在品質指標:覃塘蓮藕主要特色品質含(han)量指標有(you):14%≥淀粉≥9.12%,0.04%≥粗(cu)纖維≥0.03%,3.69%≥可溶性糖(tang)≥2.88%,2.57%≥粗(cu)蛋(dan)白≥1.92%。