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東蘭縣(xian)地處桂西北，云貴高原(yuan)南(nan)緣，紅水河(he)(he)中(zhong)游；東傍(bang)金城江區，西界鳳山(shan)縣(xian)，南(nan)傍(bang)大化、巴馬縣(xian)，北鄰南(nan)丹、天(tian)峨縣(xian)，離自治區首府(fu)南(nan)寧市(shi)(shi)308公里(li)，距(ju)河(he)(he)池市(shi)(shi)金城江鎮130公里(li)。323國道線過(guo)境。轄(xia)5個(ge)鎮和18個(ge)鄉(xiang)，縣(xian)人民政(zheng)府(fu)駐東蘭鎮，行政(zheng)區域(yu)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)2415平方公里(li)。耕地總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)1.2萬(wan)公頃(qing)，糧食(shi)播種面(mian)積(ji)2.12萬(wan)公頃(qing)，經濟作物種植面(mian)積(ji)2445公頃(qing)。有林面(mian)積(ji)14.35萬(wan)公頃(qing)。總(zong)人口27.4萬(wan)，其(qi)中(zhong)壯(zhuang)族(zu)占85%。其(qi)中(zhong)農村人口25.6萬(wan)。有壯(zhuang)、瑤、苗、侗等(deng)少數民族(zu)25.24萬(wan)人。人口自然增(zeng)長(chang)率2.07‰。

其(qi)板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)浸染(ran)紅(hong)水(shui)河谷氣候，顆大(da)、油亮，肉(rou)質(zhi)粉(fen)糯綿甜，馳名(ming)大(da)江南北，膾炙(zhi)都市人口。水(shui)陸(lu)兩便的隘洞鎮(zhen)是東蘭(lan)縣主要的板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)集散地，每年(nian)(nian)(nian)舊歷八月中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)秋節前(qian)后，便有廣西區內(nei)外(wai)栗(li)(li)(li)商(shang)云集該鎮(zhen)采購。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian),國(guo)家林業局命名(ming)東蘭(lan)縣為“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)之鄉”。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全縣板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)面(mian)積(ji)達(da)21萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)掛(gua)果(guo)3.4萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)1000多萬(wan)公(gong)斤。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全縣板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)面(mian)積(ji)達(da)18.5萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)掛(gua)果(guo)7萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)3500噸(dun)。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全縣板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)面(mian)積(ji)達(da)21.5萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)掛(gua)果(guo)8萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)板(ban)栗(li)(li)(li)4000噸(dun)。銷往全國(guo)各(ge)省、市、自治區。

特色

東(dong)蘭(lan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)壽命長、產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)高，產(chan)(chan)(chan)果期(qi)長達(da)50年(nian)(nian)以上(shang)，甚(shen)至達(da)100年(nian)(nian)，被(bei)人們稱(cheng)為(wei)一年(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)百年(nian)(nian)收的“搖錢樹”，全縣(xian)有(you)1000多(duo)(duo)株(zhu)百年(nian)(nian)以上(shang)的“壽星”板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)樹，至今(jin)仍果滿枝(zhi)頭(tou)。1991年(nian)(nian)以來，經過科技(ji)人員的努力，東(dong)蘭(lan)縣(xian)又引進(jin)全國(guo)有(you)名(ming)的“九家(jia)種(zhong)(zhong)”板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)與本(ben)地板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)嫁(jia)接(jie)，培育了具有(you)矮化、早(zao)熟、高產(chan)(chan)(chan)、果粒大、結果快(kuai)等優勢的雜交板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)。目前，東(dong)蘭(lan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)由1999年(nian)(nian)的8萬(wan)多(duo)(duo)畝發展(zhan)到現(xian)在的24.5萬(wan)畝，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)600萬(wan)公(gong)斤，盛產(chan)(chan)(chan)期(qi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)可達(da)6000噸以上(shang)。東(dong)蘭(lan)縣(xian)2001年(nian)(nian)8月被(bei)國(guo)家(jia)林業局授予“中(zhong)國(guo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)之(zhi)鄉”稱(cheng)號；2005年(nian)(nian)，東(dong)蘭(lan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)被(bei)評為(wei)廣西名(ming)牌產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。每(mei)到板(ban)(ban)(ban)栗(li)(li)上(shang)市(shi)季節，來自新(xin)疆(jiang)、湖南、河南、安(an)徽等20多(duo)(duo)個省(sheng)、市(shi)、自治(zhi)區的收購商紛至沓來。

自然生態環境和(he)人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情況：東蘭(lan)板栗(li)種(zhong)植區域主要為(wei)土(tu)坡(po)地(di)區，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)屬紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)帶，成土(tu)母(mu)巖有淺(qian)灰(hui)(hui)色砂巖，粉砂巖夾頁(ye)巖，鈣質(zhi)頁(ye)巖，砂質(zhi)泥巖，泥巖，灰(hui)(hui)色、黃(huang)棕色頁(ye)巖、含隧石灰(hui)(hui)巖、白云質(zhi)石灰(hui)(hui)巖，石灰(hui)(hui)夾硅質(zhi)頁(ye)巖以(yi)及第四(si)紀(ji)紅(hong)(hong)土(tu)母(mu)質(zhi)等(deng)，發育成紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)，紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)分布海(hai)拔500米(mi)以(yi)下(xia)，山(shan)地(di)紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)500～670米(mi)，黃(huang)紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)670～800米(mi)地(di)帶。坡(po)地(di)紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)，多為(wei)粘質(zhi)土(tu)，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)深厚、較疏松、肥沃，PH值4.5－7.8，有機(ji)質(zhi)含量(liang)≥30mg/kg，東蘭(lan)縣境礦藏少，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)有害微量(liang)元素含量(liang)低，無工業污染，比較適合于東蘭(lan)板栗(li)生(sheng)長。

2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang)：東(dong)(dong)蘭(lan)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐富(fu)，且均為(wei)源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)類水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)好。縣(xian)境大小(xiao)河(he)(he)流(liu)251條，呈樹枝(zhi)狀分(fen)布(bu)。發源(yuan)(yuan)于東(dong)(dong)蘭(lan)縣(xian)境內(nei)的主要河(he)(he)流(liu)有(you)巴英河(he)(he)、板龍河(he)(he)、坡拉河(he)(he)、九曲河(he)(he)、板老河(he)(he)、坡豪河(he)(he)、三甲河(he)(he)，總(zong)長為(wei)162.4公(gong)里(li)，年總(zong)徑流(liu)量9.6億立方米。以上(shang)河(he)(he)流(liu)均匯入紅水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)，紅水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)是珠江(jiang)流(liu)域西江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系的干流(liu)，發源(yuan)(yuan)于云南省沾益(yi)縣(xian)馬雄山，在東(dong)(dong)蘭(lan)縣(xian)境內(nei)河(he)(he)段全長115公(gong)里(li)，是東(dong)(dong)蘭(lan)境內(nei)最(zui)大的河(he)(he)流(liu)。縣(xian)內(nei)有(you)157處(chu)地下泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點，現有(you)儲(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工程(cheng)312處(chu)，山塘水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫215座，有(you)效庫容(rong)2.97億立方米，可灌溉(gai)(gai)面積(ji)1.04萬公(gong)頃；引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工程(cheng)131處(chu)，可灌溉(gai)(gai)面積(ji)1.16萬公(gong)頃。無工業污染，是理想的農(nong)業生產和生活水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)。

3、氣(qi)(qi)候情況：東(dong)(dong)蘭縣屬于南亞熱帶季風氣(qi)(qi)候區.具有夏長冬短、熱量豐富、雨量充沛、水(shui)熱同(tong)期(qi)等(deng)氣(qi)(qi)候特點。全縣年(nian)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)21.1℃，元月(yue)份平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)11.1℃，7月(yue)份平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)27.0℃，日照充足，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均日照時數為1382.9小(xiao)時，年(nian)太(tai)陽(yang)總輻射量達83.8千卡/平(ping)(ping)方厘米。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降雨量1616.8毫(hao)米，降雨主要集中在5—8月(yue)，秋(qiu)季降雨較少。10月(yue)份晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差大，十分適宜東(dong)(dong)蘭板栗生長。