青(qing)海省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地處青(qing)藏高(gao)原東北部,是長江、黃(huang)河、瀾滄江的(de)發(fa)源地,素有“江河源頭”、“中華水(shui)塔”之(zhi)稱。青(qing)海地勢(shi)高(gao)峻,與西藏同稱為“世界屋脊”、“地球(qiu)第三(san)極”。境內有全(quan)國最(zui)大(da)的(de)內陸咸水(shui)湖——青(qing)海湖,青(qing)海省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)因(yin)此而得(de)名。全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)轄6州、1地、1市(shi)、49個縣(市(shi)、區(qu)),總人口543萬。全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)總面(mian)積(ji)72.12萬平方(fang)公里(居全(quan)國第四位),以日月山(shan)為天(tian)然分界線,東部湟水(shui)谷(gu)底(di)主要是農業區(qu),面(mian)積(ji)3萬平方(fang)公里,占全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面(mian)積(ji)的(de)4%,集居著(zhu)全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)92%的(de)人口;西部為牧業區(qu),面(mian)積(ji)69萬平方(fang)公里,占全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)96%。
青(qing)海介于北(bei)緯31°39′-39°19′,東(dong)經89°35′-103°04′之間,東(dong)西(xi)長約1200千(qian)米,南(nan)北(bei)寬(kuan)800多(duo)千(qian)米。地勢在高度差異上表現為(wei)南(nan)北(bei)高中(zhong)(zhong)部低,西(xi)部高東(dong)部低。青(qing)海河流縱橫,湖泊(bo)眾多(duo),地下(xia)水也較豐富,且水質較好,但分(fen)布很不平衡。青(qing)海氣(qi)候屬(shu)于高原大陸(lu)性氣(qi)候,總的特點是(shi):干燥、多(duo)風、氣(qi)溫低、缺氧、太(tai)陽輻(fu)射強、日照長。青(qing)海是(shi)全國五大牧區之一,天(tian)然(ran)草場遼(liao)闊(kuo),面積達5.78億(yi)(yi)畝(mu),其中(zhong)(zhong)可利(li)用草場面積5億(yi)(yi)畝(mu),占全省(sheng)總面積的46.1%,約占全國可利(li)用草場面積的15%。牲畜總頭數約3000多(duo)萬(wan)頭(只)。上述自然(ran)地理(li)條件,使青(qing)海成為(wei)經濟欠發(fa)(fa)達地區,開發(fa)(fa)較晚(wan),全省(sheng)生態環境(jing)基本(ben)保持(chi)原始平衡,屬(shu)于全球幾個無(wu)污染的重點地區之一,適宜發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)畜牧業(ye),為(wei)藏(zang)(zang)毯產業(ye)提供了充足的優質藏(zang)(zang)系綿羊毛——世界公稱(cheng)的“西(xi)寧大白(bai)毛”。
青(qing)海(hai)是(shi)一個(ge)多(duo)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)聚居的(de)(de)(de)省份,少數(shu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)共42個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)人口較(jiao)多(duo)、世居青(qing)海(hai)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要少數(shu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)有(you)(you)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)族(zu)(zu)、回(hui)族(zu)(zu)、土族(zu)(zu)、撒拉族(zu)(zu)、蒙古族(zu)(zu)等(deng)。現實現民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)自治(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)區(qu)占(zhan)全省總面積的(de)(de)(de)98%,少數(shu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)人口占(zhan)全省人口的(de)(de)(de)45.67%。青(qing)海(hai)又(you)是(shi)一個(ge)多(duo)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)文(wen)(wen)化信仰(yang)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)區(qu),世居少數(shu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)基本上全民(min)(min)信教(jiao)(jiao),尤其(qi)是(shi)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)傳(chuan)佛教(jiao)(jiao)和(he)伊斯蘭教(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)影響范(fan)圍廣(guang)、程度(du)深。各(ge)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)在(zai)長期相處(chu)交往中(zhong),其(qi)文(wen)(wen)化藝術總是(shi)互相影響和(he)相互滲透的(de)(de)(de)。藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)作為(wei)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)族(zu)(zu)人民(min)(min)傳(chuan)統手工藝品,既保(bao)留了(le)粗獷、自然、樸實的(de)(de)(de)濃郁民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)風(feng)格(ge),又(you)融合了(le)中(zhong)原文(wen)(wen)化藝術的(de)(de)(de)審美觀(guan)念,與青(qing)海(hai)文(wen)(wen)化藝術的(de)(de)(de)總體特(te)點相一致(zhi)。青(qing)海(hai)各(ge)族(zu)(zu)群眾中(zhong),普遍有(you)(you)制作、使(shi)用栽絨褥(ru)子(zi)(zi)、馬褥(ru)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)習慣,一般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)族(zu)(zu)家庭(ting)都在(zai)屋內沿墻面或(huo)三面擺(bai)上矮(ai)矮(ai)的(de)(de)(de)木床,上面鋪(pu)墊(dian)(dian)著(zhu)厚約10公分的(de)(de)(de)毛墊(dian)(dian)或(huo)草墊(dian)(dian),上面覆以藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan),白天是(shi)座(zuo)墊(dian)(dian),晚上是(shi)床墊(dian)(dian)。夏天時(shi),藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)就直接鋪(pu)在(zai)地(di)(di)上當(dang)毛墊(dian)(dian)。有(you)(you)條件的(de)(de)(de)講究人家里,還(huan)有(you)(you)一種形似毯(tan)上毯(tan),其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)一方(fang)面為(wei)保(bao)護(hu)下面較(jiao)大(da),較(jiao)貴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)毯(tan),更(geng)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)還(huan)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)表示(shi)對貴客的(de)(de)(de)尊重(zhong)。據記載,古代上層人士聚會時(shi),墊(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)層數(shu)越多(duo),說明此(ci)人官(guan)職(zhi)越高,身(shen)份越尊貴。
文化背景
藏(zang)(zang)毯是手工栽(zai)絨(rong)地毯的(de)一個(ge)大類,可追溯到三千(qian)多年(nian)前的(de)青銅器時代(dai)就開始編(bian)織(zhi)一種叫“毛(mao)席”的(de)原(yuan)始地毯,起(qi)源于中國(guo)的(de)西部,是居住(zhu)在青藏(zang)(zang)高原(yuan)的(de)古老民(min)族藏(zang)(zang)族勞動人民(min)的(de)智(zhi)慧結(jie)晶(jing)。根據一些(xie)史料的(de)分析,藏(zang)(zang)毯生產從古至今,有著數(shu)千(qian)年(nian)的(de)歷(li)史。今天生產的(de)藏(zang)(zang)毯、卡(ka)墊、掛毯等,其織(zhi)法獨特(te)(te),紋樣有濃(nong)郁(yu)民(min)族特(te)(te)色,可與當(dang)今波斯毯、東方毯并稱為世(shi)界(jie)三大名毯。
文化積淀
任何一(yi)種土特(te)產資源(yuan)離開了(le)歷史與文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滋養(yang),也(ye)很難成為(wei)一(yi)個被大眾所接受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)。古往今來,人們(men)之所以高度重視土特(te)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用,既在于它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)用價(jia)值(zhi)和經濟價(jia)值(zhi),也(ye)在于它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史、文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和藝(yi)(yi)術品(pin)(pin)(pin)位。實(shi)踐證明,一(yi)個土特(te)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成僅靠資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢是不(bu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),如(ru)(ru)(ru)何打(da)好“文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)牌(pai)”是打(da)造(zao)土特(te)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵。如(ru)(ru)(ru)今,青海(hai)(hai)人出省甚至出國,攜帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)禮(li)品(pin)(pin)(pin)不(bu)再局限于蟲草、藏(zang)(zang)(zang)紅(hong)花、牛(niu)鞭、鹿茸之類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土特(te)產品(pin)(pin)(pin),人們(men)選擇(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目光更多地轉(zhuan)向了(le)具有高原濃郁文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)藝(yi)(yi)術氣息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)(pin)(pin),如(ru)(ru)(ru)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)(tan)。藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)(tan)是我省藏(zang)(zang)(zang)系綿羊(yang)毛(mao)(mao)與藏(zang)(zang)(zang)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)藝(yi)(yi)術及青海(hai)(hai)地毯(tan)(tan)手(shou)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)完(wan)美結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產物(wu)。據考證,三(san)千多年前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)族(zu)先民,就開始(shi)用牛(niu)羊(yang)毛(mao)(mao)編(bian)(bian)織帳房(fang)、衣服、被褥、卡墊來御寒(han)保(bao)暖、裝飾(shi),這種被考古界(jie)稱為(wei)“毛(mao)(mao)席”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)織品(pin)(pin)(pin),藏(zang)(zang)(zang)族(zu)叫(jiao)“溜(liu)”(制(zhi)作工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)沿用至今)。公(gong)元18世(shi)紀至19世(shi)紀,隨著(zhu)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)傳佛教文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深入(ru),藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)(tan)作為(wei)高貴禮(li)物(wu),進(jin)入(ru)內地。它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)作工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)得(de)到了(le)改進(jin),出現了(le)豎毛(mao)(mao)集束(shu)起絨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)(bian)制(zhi)手(shou)法,豐富了(le)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)(tan)編(bian)(bian)織工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。在漫長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史歲(sui)月中(zhong),藏(zang)(zang)(zang)毯(tan)(tan)編(bian)(bian)織工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)融(rong)入(ru)了(le)深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)族(zu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),使其從(cong)單純的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)用產品(pin)(pin)(pin)邁入(ru)了(le)藝(yi)(yi)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殿堂。
品牌建設
1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)新中(zhong)(zhong)國成(cheng)立。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在中(zhong)(zhong)國土畜產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)進(jin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)總公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)計劃安(an)排(pai)下,天津派來技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)人指導(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan),開(kai)(kai)始(shi)在國營(ying)企業(ye)絨(rong)毛廠的(de)(de)一個車(che)間內生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan),當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)僅生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)了90.67平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(機(ji)(ji)拉洗90道男工(gong)(gong)手工(gong)(gong)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)),從(cong)(cong)1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)給天津口(kou)岸(an)按每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)調(diao)撥(bo)(bo)計劃安(an)排(pai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)調(diao)撥(bo)(bo),由(you)天津土畜進(jin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)整理驗收后(hou)以“風帆”牌商標(biao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)。最(zui)高年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)份(fen)1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)2.22萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米,調(diao)撥(bo)(bo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)1.76萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米,至1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)調(diao)撥(bo)(bo)結束(shu),26年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間累(lei)計生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)17.25萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)外貿逐步取(qu)得地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)自營(ying)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)經營(ying)權(quan),1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)自營(ying)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou),1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)0.14萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米,創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)匯(hui)(hui)12.22萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政府大力(li)(li)扶(fu)持(chi)青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)業(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展,并出(chu)(chu)(chu)臺了支(zhi)持(chi)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展政策(ce),從(cong)(cong)資金、鋼材、木材、棉花(hua)指標(biao)等方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)給予扶(fu)持(chi),地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)得到(dao)了較快(kuai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)4.78萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米,出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)0.73萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米,創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)匯(hui)(hui)67萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan),地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)成(cheng)為全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)骨干(gan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)商品(pin)(pin)之一,最(zui)高年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)份(fen)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)15萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(含機(ji)(ji)織(zhi)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)),創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)匯(hui)(hui)650萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan)。地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)業(ye)的(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展帶(dai)動了農(nong)牧地(di)(di)(di)區經濟的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展,農(nong)牧民增(zeng)(zeng)收,省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)內的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)點最(zui)多時達(da)200多個,織(zhi)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)工(gong)(gong)人近2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)人,地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)業(ye)逐步形成(cheng)了具有地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)特(te)色的(de)(de)行業(ye)。至90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)期由(you)于(yu)當時的(de)(de)體(ti)制和(he)以產(chan)(chan)(chan)定銷經營(ying)方(fang)(fang)式,產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)不能跟著(zhu)市(shi)場走,從(cong)(cong)1994年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)大幅下滑,當時的(de)(de)主導(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(機(ji)(ji)拉洗90道男工(gong)(gong)手工(gong)(gong)地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan))此后(hou)逐漸退出(chu)(chu)(chu)市(shi)場,讓(rang)位于(yu)藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan),1994年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)藏羊地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan))有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)建立,1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得進(jin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)經營(ying)權(quan),出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)匯(hui)(hui)從(cong)(cong)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)50萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan),增(zeng)(zeng)長到(dao)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)1800萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)美(mei)元(yuan)。平(ping)(ping)均年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)遞增(zeng)(zeng)幅度達(da)29.3%,從(cong)(cong)此將藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)銷推向了歷史的(de)(de)最(zui)高峰。青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)是(shi)當前(qian)藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)區。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政府制定了全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展目標(biao),將具體(ti)目標(biao)數字深入著(zhu)力(li)(li)培養龍(long)頭企業(ye),在組織(zhi)領導(dao)、資金等方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)采取(qu)扶(fu)持(chi)措施,促使藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)高速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)企業(ye)有:青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)藏羊地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan))有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)海(hai)(hai)源地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)美(mei)亞生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)源榮(rong)進(jin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)。其中(zhong)(zhong)青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)藏羊地(di)(di)(di)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan))有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)是(shi)國家、青(qing)(qing)海(hai)(hai)兩級(ji)農(nong)牧業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)化(hua)龍(long)頭企業(ye),其年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力(li)(li)占全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)藏毯(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力(li)(li)的(de)(de)90%以上。
2004年由青海省人(ren)民政府(fu)、西(xi)藏自治區人(ren)民政府(fu)、中國(guo)食品(pin)土畜(chu)進(jin)出(chu)口商(shang)會共同主辦(ban)(ban),青海省商(shang)務廳承辦(ban)(ban)、青海藏羊(yang)地毯(集團(tuan)(tuan))有(you)限(xian)公司協(xie)辦(ban)(ban)的第一屆(jie)“青海藏毯國(guo)際展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)會”在青海西(xi)寧城(cheng)南國(guo)際 展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)中心勝利(li)召開(kai)(kai)。2007年3月(yue)25日,召開(kai)(kai)了第四屆(jie)“青海藏毯國(guo)際展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)會”,展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)會占(zhan)地12000平(ping)方(fang)米,共設(she)380個標準展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)位(wei)。日本、加(jia)拿大(da)、美國(guo)、俄羅(luo)斯(si)(si)等24個國(guo)家380人(ren)參會,中國(guo)、印度、巴基斯(si)(si)坦等8個國(guo)家,25個公司,150人(ren)參展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示類別達(da)八(ba)個大(da)類一千多個花色品(pin)種。從(cong)2004年第一屆(jie)藏毯展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)覽(lan)會開(kai)(kai)始(shi),成交顯著,2007年藏毯展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)會成交總金額4380萬(wan)美元,藏羊(yang)集團(tuan)(tuan)2820萬(wan)美元。為擴大(da)對外開(kai)(kai)放,創建特(te)色產業,加(jia)強國(guo)際經貿(mao)合作作出(chu)突(tu)出(chu)貢(gong)獻(xian)。
地毯的清洗與保養
水抽清(qing)洗地毯(可(ke)適(shi)于化纖地毯)
使用設(she)備:地毯刷、噴(pen)霧(wu)器、吸水機(ji)、地毯清洗機(ji)。
使用料(liao)劑:地毯香(xiang)波(bo)。
操作方法:
1、 用吸塵器全(quan)面吸塵
2、稀釋清潔劑,也可注入水箱
3、在(zai)地毯上全面噴灑清潔劑
4、作用10-15分鐘后,污漬脫離纖維(wei)
5、用洗地機抽(chou)(chou)洗,操(cao)作向(xiang)后行走(zou)而(er)使每操(cao)作行有一部分重疊,最少(shao)經過(guo)兩次抽(chou)(chou)洗
6、在清(qing)洗地毯的同時,用吸(xi)水(shui)機吸(xi)凈已洗完的地毯
7、讓(rang)地(di)(di)毯完全干(gan)透,為加(jia)快地(di)(di)毯干(gan)透,可開動(dong)地(di)(di)毯吹干(gan)機 。
干泡地(di)毯(tan)清洗(適(shi)用(yong)于純毛地(di)毯(tan))
使(shi)用(yong)設(she)備、工具:帶地毯刷(shua)和打(da)泡器的單盤擦(ca)地機、地毯梳或耙、吸塵器。
使(shi)用料劑:地毯高泡清潔劑。
操作方法:
1、用吸(xi)塵(chen)器全面吸(xi)塵(chen)
2、局部處理即是用專(zhuan)用的清潔劑在地毯上(shang)邊油漬(zi)、果漬(zi)、咖啡漬(zi)單(dan)獨(du)進行處理
3、稀釋地毯泡(pao)沫清潔劑,注(zhu)入打(da)泡(pao)箱
4、用手刷處理地毯邊緣、角落(luo)和機(ji)器推到之(zhi)處
5、用裝(zhuang)有打泡(pao)器(qi)、地毯刷的單盤(pan)掃地機,以干泡(pao)刷洗地毯
6、作用一會兒,然后(hou)重復(fu)
7、地(di)(di)毯(tan)梳或耙梳起(qi)地(di)(di)毯(tan)纖毛(mao),這對地(di)(di)毯(tan)外觀(guan)非常重要,尤其是纖維較長的棉(mian)絨地(di)(di)毯(tan),而且有加快地(di)(di)毯(tan)干(gan)燥作用
8、讓地毯毛完全干(gan)透
9、用吸(xi)塵(chen)器吸(xi)去污(wu)垢(gou)和干泡結晶體(ti)