芒果视频下载

一.自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史(shi)因素

平(ping)壩區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)處黔(qian)中(zhong)腹地(di)(di)，因“地(di)(di)勢平(ping)曠”而(er)得名(ming)(ming)(ming)，是(shi)貴州(zhou)高原上(shang)(shang)(shang)的魚米(mi)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)，是(shi)中(zhong)國民間(jian)文化藝術之(zhi)鄉(xiang)、中(zhong)國屯(tun)堡文化之(zhi)鄉(xiang)、中(zhong)國清真美食之(zhi)鄉(xiang)、全(quan)省小城鎮(zhen)(zhen)建(jian)設示范縣（區(qu)(qu)(qu)），下轄9個鄉(xiang)（鎮(zhen)(zhen)、街道辦），國土(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)999平(ping)方公里，總人口(kou)36萬，耕地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)25.47萬畝，其中(zhong)萬畝以上(shang)(shang)(shang)的大(da)(da)壩有(you)6個、千畝以上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)(da)壩12個，人均(jun)(jun)耕地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)0.71畝，自古有(you)“黔(qian)中(zhong)大(da)(da)糧倉(cang)”的美譽。優質大(da)(da)米(mi)（福(fu)壽米(mi)、貢皇米(mi)）、灰鵝、林卡辣(la)椒(jiao)等名(ming)(ming)(ming)優土(tu)特產品(pin)久(jiu)負盛名(ming)(ming)(ming)，享譽省內外。平(ping)壩區(qu)(qu)(qu)氣(qi)候屬(shu)北亞熱帶高原季風(feng)濕潤氣(qi)候，雨熱同季，氣(qi)候溫(wen)和、雨量充(chong)沛、四季分(fen)明，冬無(wu)嚴寒、夏無(wu)酷署，日(ri)照充(chong)足(zu)，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)14.0℃，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫(wen)度16.6℃，無(wu)霜期289天；年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降雨量1265.3mm，相對(dui)濕度年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)83%，全(quan)年(nian)日(ri)照時間(jian)1147.7-1296.7之(zhi)間(jian)，適宜多種牧草及(ji)飼料作(zuo)物(wu)生長，青綠(lv)期長達10個月以上(shang)(shang)(shang)，生物(wu)產量高于北方3-5倍。產區(qu)(qu)(qu)溪河縱橫、山塘水(shui)庫密布，水(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)占(zhan)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的36%，豆科、禾本科牧草及(ji)水(shui)稻、玉米(mi)、豆米(mi)、薯類等農產品(pin)豐富。

二.地域范圍

平(ping)(ping)壩灰鵝(e)(e)地(di)域保護(hu)范圍為(wei)：白云鎮(zhen)、羊昌鄉(xiang)、夏云鎮(zhen)、安平(ping)(ping)辦(ban)(ban)、鼓樓辦(ban)(ban)、十字鄉(xiang)、齊伯鄉(xiang)、樂平(ping)(ping)鎮(zhen)、天龍(long)鎮(zhen)9個鄉(xiang)（鎮(zhen)、街道(dao)辦(ban)(ban)），地(di)理坐標為(wei)：東經106°34′06″至(zhi)106°59′24″，北緯26°15′18″至(zhi)26°37′45″，總面積(ji)999平(ping)(ping)方公里。平(ping)(ping)壩灰鵝(e)(e)養殖(zhi)規(gui)模為(wei)4.5萬羽(yu)，產量225噸。

三(san).產(chan)品品質特(te)性特(te)征

1、外部感觀(guan)特征：平(ping)壩灰鵝(e)體型(xing)中等、緊湊、優美，頸長呈(cheng)(cheng)弓形，全身羽毛呈(cheng)(cheng)不同程度的灰色(se)，額頂有一寬窄(zhai)不等的灰白色(se)毛圈，眼瞼淡黃，喙(hui)和額瘤黑色(se)，脛、蹼(pu)為橘紅色(se)或(huo)黑色(se)，咽袋(dai)呈(cheng)(cheng)三角形，外形獨具特征。平(ping)壩灰鵝(e)肉(rou)色(se)紅亮，肉(rou)質細嫩，味(wei)鮮美清香，油(you)而(er)不膩(ni)。

2、內在(zai)品質指標：蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)白質18-22(g/100g）,鉀195-205(mg/100g）,膽固醇50-70(mg/100g)；氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)：谷氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)、賴(lai)氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)、精氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)等(deng)16種氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)總量16.1-20.6(g/100g)；不(bu)飽和脂肪(fang)酸(suan)(suan)：α-亞麻(ma)酸(suan)(suan)C18：3n3等(deng)不(bu)飽和脂肪(fang)酸(suan)(suan)總量60-74.1(g/100g)。生長(chang)(chang)發育：平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)壩(ba)灰鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)生長(chang)(chang)較(jiao)快(kuai)，剛出殼(ke)的雛鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)92.5克，30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)達(da)(da)731克。30～90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)為(wei)(wei)發育盛(sheng)期(qi)，其消(xiao)化能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)、抗(kang)病力(li)和適應性(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)大為(wei)(wei)增(zeng)強(qiang)，骨骼、肌肉(rou)、羽毛(mao)(mao)迅速生長(chang)(chang)。尤以30～40日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)生長(chang)(chang)最快(kuai)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)增(zeng)重(zhong)(zhong)76克。90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)3.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)3.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)成(cheng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)的70.8%和80.9%，最重(zhong)(zhong)個(ge)體(ti)可(ke)達(da)(da)5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。雛鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)20日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)胎毛(mao)(mao)由(you)黃(huang)變灰白，30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)尾部、體(ti)側、翼(yi)、腹部長(chang)(chang)毛(mao)(mao)，50～60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)頭面(mian)換好(hao)羽毛(mao)(mao)，60～80日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)背腰羽毛(mao)(mao)換齊，翅(chi)羽開始(shi)生長(chang)(chang)，5月齡(ling)(ling)(ling)后主翼(yi)羽長(chang)(chang)齊。成(cheng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)4.4～6.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，最高(gao)可(ke)達(da)(da)8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，成(cheng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)3.4～5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，最高(gao)為(wei)(wei)7公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)：產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)旺季(ji)集中在(zai)10月下(xia)旬至11月下(xia)旬，每(mei)窩產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)11枚(mei)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)量33枚(mei)，最高(gao)達(da)(da)55枚(mei)，周歲(sui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)2窩，18～36枚(mei)，2～3周歲(sui)以上(shang)的經產(chan)(chan)(chan)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)3窩，27～44枚(mei)，多為(wei)(wei)隔天產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)殼(ke)白色(se)，蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)較(jiao)大，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)重(zhong)(zhong)150.7克，最重(zhong)(zhong)達(da)(da)178克，蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)形橢圓，蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)型指數1.48。蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)殼(ke)厚(hou)度0.62毫米(mi)，蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)品質好(hao)，蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)白粘(zhan)稠，蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)黃(huang)色(se)澤深黃(huang)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)肉(rou)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng) 在(zai)農村散養條件下(xia)，半凈(jing)膛屠(tu)宰(zai)率，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)78.1%,母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)77.4%，全凈(jing)膛屠(tu)宰(zai)率，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)67.6%，母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)67.8%，肥育性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)良好(hao)，脂肪(fang)沉積能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強(qiang)。用玉米(mi)15～20公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)強(qiang)制育肥20～30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，可(ke)增(zeng)重(zhong)(zhong)1.5～3公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。繁(fan)殖性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng) 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)壩(ba)灰鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)性(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)熟(shu)較(jiao)晚(wan)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)需200～270天，母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)需240～300天，母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)就巢性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)強(qiang)，下(xia)完一窩蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)就賴(lai)抱。自然孵(fu)化期(qi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，最長(chang)(chang)32日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，受精率達(da)(da)89.7%，孵(fu)化率為(wei)(wei)87.5%，鵝(e)(e)(e)(e)群公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、母(mu)(mu)比例一般為(wei)(wei)1：4。

四.特定生產方式

1、產地選(xuan)擇(ze)：首先應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)牧草資源豐富的(de)(de)山(shan)塘水庫，周圍有利(li)于種植優質(zhi)牧草的(de)(de)草山(shan)草坡，水源四季(ji)供(gong)水充足，無(wu)污染，通風順(shun)暢，向陽避風，位(wei)于居民區(qu)下風向。土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)透水性好的(de)(de)沙質(zhi)土(tu)(tu)壤。電力(li)通訊交(jiao)通便利(li)，但考(kao)慮到防疫的(de)(de)需要，鵝舍與主要交(jiao)通干線的(de)(de)距離應(ying)不少于1000米。

2、品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)：平(ping)(ping)(ping)壩灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)(e)(e)的品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)在保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)和(he)保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區同時進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，由貴州大學(xue)動物科(ke)學(xue)院、貴州省(sheng)畜牧(mu)獸醫科(ke)研(yan)所(suo)等提供技術指導。1982年開始(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)平(ping)(ping)(ping)壩灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)(e)(e)的選(xuan)育(yu)，重點針(zhen)對(dui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)壩灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)(e)(e)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特性進(jin)(jin)行(xing)整理，提高體(ti)型外貌和(he)生產性能(neng)的整齊度。2004年在中(zhong)心產區建設平(ping)(ping)(ping)壩灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)(e)(e)保(bao)護(hu)場(chang)，占地52畝，存欄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鵝(e)(e)(e)1250羽(yu)，其中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)母鵝(e)(e)(e)1000羽(yu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)250羽(yu)，有(you)(you)人工孵化室(shi)、人工授(shou)精室(shi)、育(yu)雛室(shi)及相(xiang)應的配套(tao)設備。在保(bao)護(hu)區建設有(you)(you)200羽(yu)以上保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)擴繁場(chang)8個，存欄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鵝(e)(e)(e)1962羽(yu)，其中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)327羽(yu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)母鵝(e)(e)(e)1635羽(yu)。在保(bao)護(hu)場(chang)和(he)保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區除采取制定規劃、獎勵扶持、設立專項發展資金、目標考核等行(xing)政措施(shi)(shi)外，還采取以下(xia)技術措施(shi)(shi)：2.1在保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區嚴禁飼養其它鵝(e)(e)(e)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；2.2按標準選(xuan)留種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鵝(e)(e)(e)。

3、生產過程(cheng)管(guan)理(li):本技術規定(ding)了平壩灰鵝飼(si)(si)養過程(cheng)的(de)要求。人(ren)員(yuan)管(guan)理(li)：鵝場(chang)的(de)飼(si)(si)養員(yuan)應定(ding)期進行健康檢查，傳染病(bing)患者不得從事養殖工作；場(chang)內獸醫人(ren)員(yuan)不準對外診療。一(yi)般養殖場(chang)（戶(hu)）的(de)養殖從業人(ren)員(yuan)也應保持(chi)健康。飼(si)(si)養管(guan)理(li)：

①雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)、雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)是指(zhi)4周(zhou)齡以內的(de)鵝(e)。雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)的(de)采食(shi)量(liang)依據日(ri)(ri)齡的(de)不同(tong)(tong)而不同(tong)(tong)。具(ju)體每天(tian)(tian)采食(shi)多少適宜(yi)，見下(xia)表(biao)1（略)：飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)：雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)進入育雛(chu)(chu)(chu)室后(hou)，先飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)后(hou)開食(shi)或(huo)者(zhe)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)進行(xing)，若是浸(jin)透(tou)米(mi)（飯）和青(qing)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)可(ke)(ke)隔日(ri)(ri)供水(shui)(shui)，使(shi)用配合飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)需天(tian)(tian)天(tian)(tian)供水(shui)(shui)。見下(xia)表(biao)（略）：20-30°C時(shi)(shi)每100只雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)的(de)飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)單位：升/100只、天(tian)(tian)雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)出殼(ke)24小時(shi)(shi)后(hou)飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)(ke)加入復(fu)合維(wei)生素和少許紅糖；也可(ke)(ke)每公斤水(shui)(shui)加入1克維(wei)生素或(huo)0.1%高(gao)錳酸鉀溶液；或(huo)者(zhe)可(ke)(ke)用青(qing)茶泡(pao)水(shui)(shui)飲(yin)，50克茶葉泡(pao)水(shui)(shui)2公斤。但不能(neng)讓飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)沾濕絨毛(mao)和溢濕墊草。開食(shi)：開食(shi)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)應當是營(ying)養豐富、易消(xiao)化、鮮嫩多汁，用青(qing)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)拌(ban)浸(jin)透(tou)碎(sui)米(mi)，青(qing)、碎(sui)米(mi)比例為(wei)4：1。飼(si)(si)喂(wei)次數(shu)：飼(si)(si)喂(wei)應少量(liang)多餐，提高(gao)飼(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)利用率(lv)。一般前3天(tian)(tian)白(bai)天(tian)(tian)喂(wei)4—5次，晚上(shang)加喂(wei)一次；4—10日(ri)(ri)齡，白(bai)天(tian)(tian)喂(wei)5—6次，晚上(shang)加喂(wei)1次。每天(tian)(tian)投料(liao)(liao)(liao)以八成(cheng)飽為(wei)宜(yi)。雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)放牧：從11日(ri)(ri)齡起，天(tian)(tian)氣晴好時(shi)(shi)，有條件的(de)地方(fang)可(ke)(ke)以開始放牧，放牧前不喂(wei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，促使(shi)雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)在(zai)草地采食(shi)野青(qing)草。每天(tian)(tian)上(shang)午、下(xia)午各放牧一次。嬉(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)：雛(chu)(chu)(chu)鵝(e)在(zai)羽毛(mao)未長出前絕對(dui)不能(neng)嬉(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)，腹部羽毛(mao)長齊后(hou)，晴天(tian)(tian)可(ke)(ke)讓其在(zai)淺(qian)水(shui)(shui)、清潔水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)嬉(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)。

②育成(cheng)(cheng)鵝(e)(e)放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)補料(liao)(liao)(liao)：育成(cheng)(cheng)鵝(e)(e)一月齡后(hou)消(xiao)化(hua)能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)，是(shi)生(sheng)長速度最快(kuai)的(de)階(jie)段。飼(si)養(yang)管理應(ying)充(chong)分放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)或(huo)(huo)全天放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)。沒有(you)條件放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)，實行圈養(yang)，只要是(shi)無毒青菜、野菜都可切碎拌入適量的(de)米(mi)糠(kang)、玉米(mi)粉(fen)、谷(gu)粉(fen)或(huo)(huo)配合飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)供鵝(e)(e)足夠食用。晚(wan)(wan)上飼(si)喂(wei)(wei)：中鵝(e)(e)消(xiao)化(hua)能(neng)(neng)力強(qiang)，晚(wan)(wan)上應(ying)增加補給配合料(liao)(liao)(liao)拌入青飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)進行飼(si)喂(wei)(wei)。配合料(liao)(liao)(liao)可采(cai)(cai)用稻谷(gu)38—41%、玉8—10%、麥麩(fu)10%、米(mi)糠(kang)20—22%、濃(nong)縮料(liao)(liao)(liao)12—15%、礦(kuang)物(wu)質(zhi)3%。增加育成(cheng)(cheng)鵝(e)(e)的(de)日糧(liang)和營養(yang)需要。放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)嬉(xi)水：在放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)過程中，采(cai)(cai)取采(cai)(cai)食—嬉(xi)水—休息(xi)—采(cai)(cai)食的(de)方法，每天不少于三(san)次(ci)嬉(xi)水，高(gao)溫天氣嬉(xi)水次(ci)數增多，時間(jian)要延長。

③肉用(yong)鵝(e)(e)肉用(yong)鵝(e)(e)是(shi)青年(nian)鵝(e)(e)飼養到45-60 日(ri)齡時(shi)，不(bu)留種用(yong)而(er)進(jin)行肥育(yu)作為(wei)商(shang)品鵝(e)(e)。肉鵝(e)(e)育(yu)肥時(shi)間一般(ban)10—15天(tian)(tian)。舍(she)飼育(yu)肥：適宜于集約化(hua)(hua)規模化(hua)(hua)生產。其(qi)(qi)方(fang)法：喂給高能(neng)量(liang)日(ri)糧如玉(yu)米(mi)、稻谷等；限(xian)制光照在(zai)較(jiao)暗的(de)欄舍(she)內飼喂；減少運(yun)動，每(mei)平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)4—6只(zhi)；不(bu)限(xian)量(liang)飼喂并保證有充(chong)足飲水，以(yi)增(zeng)進(jin)食欲幫(bang)助消化(hua)(hua)，使體脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)迅(xun)速沉(chen)積。填(tian)(tian)(tian)飼育(yu)肥：將紅(hong)薯馬(ma)鈴薯絲、碎米(mi)、米(mi)糠等混合精料(liao)或配合飼料(liao)加適量(liang)水，搓成粗(cu)1-1.5厘米(mi)、長6厘米(mi)左右的(de)條(tiao)狀物，等其(qi)(qi)涼干(gan)后，用(yong)人(ren)工填(tian)(tian)(tian)入鵝(e)(e)的(de)食道中。每(mei)天(tian)(tian)填(tian)(tian)(tian)3次，每(mei)次3—4條(tiao)，然后逐漸增(zeng)加到每(mei)天(tian)(tian)4—5次，每(mei)次填(tian)(tian)(tian)5—6條(tiao)。填(tian)(tian)(tian)喂后把鵝(e)(e)關在(zai)圈內，盡量(liang)減少活動，并供(gong)給充(chong)足飲水。育(yu)肥鵝(e)(e)膘度標志(zhi)：全身(shen)皮下(xia)(xia)(xia)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)肥厚(hou)，尾部豐(feng)滿，胸肌胞滿厚(hou)實(shi)，摸不(bu)到龍骨，富含脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)，翼下(xia)(xia)(xia)兩側體軀(qu)皮膚下(xia)(xia)(xia)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)增(zeng)厚(hou)，結實(shi)富有彈(dan)性似板粟大小的(de)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)團(tuan)為(wei)上等肥度；若肥肪(fang)團(tuan)疏松為(wei)中等肥度；摸不(bu)到肥肪(fang)團(tuan)為(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)等肥度。

④種(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)種(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)的(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后備期(qi)、休產(chan)(chan)(chan)期(qi)、預(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)期(qi)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)期(qi)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)。后備種(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)：須降低(di)(di)能量飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，增加(jia)礦物質(zhi)和蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，以提高產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)量。種(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)休產(chan)(chan)(chan)期(qi)的(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)：休產(chan)(chan)(chan)期(qi)是(shi)指母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)在4—5月份(fen)結束產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)到下(xia)半年7—8月份(fen)之間階段。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)以放牧為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，補料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)輔，節約(yue)精(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，日(ri)糧由精(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)粗，降低(di)(di)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)成本。種(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)預(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)期(qi)的(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)：須喂(wei)好(hao)(hao)喂(wei)飽，放牧時(shi)間延長。在運動場放置貝(bei)殼粉、成石灰粉、供其采食(shi)，精(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中要(yao)(yao)(yao)添加(jia)營(ying)養(yang)價值(zhi)全面的(de)(de)占日(ri)糧5%的(de)(de)濃縮(suo)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，促進各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)營(ying)養(yang)物質(zhi)的(de)(de)儲備為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)準備。種(zhong)(zhong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)期(qi)的(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)養(yang)：產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)期(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)應以舍飼(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，放牧為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)輔。日(ri)糧中精(jing)、粗、青(qing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)合理(li)搭(da)配(pei)(pei)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)喂(wei)給含鈣磷(lin)多的(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)使母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)在產(chan)(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)期(qi)保持旺盛(sheng)性欲，提高種(zhong)(zhong)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)受(shou)精(jing)率(lv)，公母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)合群放牧，增加(jia)交配(pei)(pei)次數。公、母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)比(bi)例(li)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1：5。

⑤種公(gong)鵝(e)(e)種公(gong)鵝(e)(e)按平壩灰鵝(e)(e)特性特征標準評分90分以上(shang)作種用。在(zai)配(pei)種前嚴格淘(tao)汰劣質(zhi)(zhi)、病殘(can)公(gong)鵝(e)(e)。自然交配(pei)：種公(gong)鵝(e)(e)的后備期(qi)、生產期(qi)都可與種母鵝(e)(e)合群飼養在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起，同群放(fang)牧，同群喂(wei)料(liao)(liao)。人工授精(jing)的種公(gong)鵝(e)(e)：種公(gong)鵝(e)(e)群不宜過(guo)大，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為40只(zhi)以內，根據體(ti)質(zhi)(zhi)、年齡、個體(ti)大小編組放(fang)在(zai)小欄中飼養。每只(zhi)公(gong)鵝(e)(e)占地要有(you)一(yi)(yi)平方米以上(shang)。青料(liao)(liao)不限量喂(wei)給(gei)，給(gei)足清潔飲(yin)水，精(jing)料(liao)(liao)或配(pei)合料(liao)(liao)要富含蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)和必需氨基酸、維生素、礦物質(zhi)(zhi)。采(cai)(cai)精(jing)頻率，每天不得超過(guo)三次，最好隔日采(cai)(cai)精(jing)一(yi)(yi)次為優。

⑥生產記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建立(li)生產記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)檔(dang)案，包括引種記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，培訓記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，飼養管理記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，飼料采購和使用記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)（含(han)青飼料），鵝蛋(dan)(dan)生產記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，廢棄物(wu)處(chu)理記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，消毒記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，獸(shou)藥使用記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，防疫免疫記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，病死尸體或淘汰(tai)種鵝的處(chu)理記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，鵝蛋(dan)(dan)檢測記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、活鵝檢疫記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，銷售記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)等。所(suo)有記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)應在灰(hui)鵝出售或清群后保(bao)存3年以上(shang)。

五.包(bao)裝標識(shi)相關(guan)規定(ding)

本(ben)規定(ding)地域范圍(wei)內的(de)平(ping)壩灰(hui)鵝農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)經(jing)營者(zhe)，在產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或包裝上使用(yong)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標志，須向安順(shun)市平(ping)壩區畜禽(qin)品(pin)(pin)種改良站(zhan)提出申(shen)請，按照(zhao)相(xiang)關要求規范生產(chan)和使用(yong)標志，統一采用(yong)平(ping)壩灰(hui)鵝產(chan)品(pin)(pin)名(ming)稱和農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標志公共標識相(xiang)結合的(de)標識標注方法。