芒果视频下载

一.自然(ran)生(sheng)態環境和(he)人文歷史因素(su)

平(ping)(ping)壩區地(di)處黔中(zhong)腹地(di)，因“地(di)勢平(ping)(ping)曠”而得(de)名(ming)(ming)，是貴州高原上(shang)的魚米(mi)(mi)(mi)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，是中(zhong)國(guo)民間(jian)文化藝術(shu)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中(zhong)國(guo)屯堡文化之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中(zhong)國(guo)清真美(mei)食之(zhi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、全省(sheng)小城鎮建設示范縣(xian)（區），下轄(xia)9個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)（鎮、街道辦），國(guo)土(tu)面(mian)積999平(ping)(ping)方公里，總人口36萬(wan)(wan)，耕(geng)地(di)面(mian)積25.47萬(wan)(wan)畝，其中(zhong)萬(wan)(wan)畝以上(shang)的大壩有(you)6個(ge)、千(qian)畝以上(shang)大壩12個(ge)，人均(jun)(jun)耕(geng)地(di)面(mian)積0.71畝，自(zi)古有(you)“黔中(zhong)大糧倉”的美(mei)譽(yu)。優(you)質大米(mi)(mi)(mi)（福壽(shou)米(mi)(mi)(mi)、貢皇(huang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、灰鵝、林卡(ka)辣椒等名(ming)(ming)優(you)土(tu)特產(chan)(chan)(chan)品久負盛名(ming)(ming)，享譽(yu)省(sheng)內外(wai)。平(ping)(ping)壩區氣候(hou)屬北亞(ya)熱帶高原季(ji)風濕(shi)潤氣候(hou)，雨(yu)(yu)熱同季(ji)，氣候(hou)溫(wen)和、雨(yu)(yu)量充沛、四季(ji)分明(ming)，冬無嚴(yan)寒、夏無酷署(shu)，日照充足，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)14.0℃，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)地(di)面(mian)溫(wen)度16.6℃，無霜期(qi)289天(tian)；年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量1265.3mm，相對(dui)濕(shi)度年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)83%，全年(nian)日照時間(jian)1147.7-1296.7之(zhi)間(jian)，適(shi)宜多(duo)種牧草(cao)及飼料作(zuo)物生(sheng)(sheng)長，青(qing)綠期(qi)長達10個(ge)月(yue)以上(shang)，生(sheng)(sheng)物產(chan)(chan)(chan)量高于(yu)北方3-5倍。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區溪河縱橫、山塘水(shui)庫密(mi)布(bu)，水(shui)面(mian)占總面(mian)積的36%，豆科、禾本科牧草(cao)及水(shui)稻、玉米(mi)(mi)(mi)、豆米(mi)(mi)(mi)、薯類等農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品豐富(fu)。

二.地域范圍

平(ping)壩(ba)灰鵝地域保護范圍為(wei)：白云鎮(zhen)(zhen)、羊昌(chang)鄉(xiang)、夏云鎮(zhen)(zhen)、安平(ping)辦(ban)、鼓樓辦(ban)、十字鄉(xiang)、齊伯鄉(xiang)、樂平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、天龍(long)鎮(zhen)(zhen)9個鄉(xiang)（鎮(zhen)(zhen)、街道辦(ban)），地理坐標(biao)為(wei)：東經(jing)106°34′06″至106°59′24″，北緯(wei)26°15′18″至26°37′45″，總面積999平(ping)方公里。平(ping)壩(ba)灰鵝養殖規(gui)模為(wei)4.5萬(wan)羽，產量225噸(dun)。

三(san).產品品質特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)

1、外部感(gan)觀(guan)特征：平(ping)壩(ba)灰(hui)(hui)鵝體型中等、緊湊、優美(mei)，頸長呈(cheng)(cheng)弓形(xing)，全(quan)身(shen)羽毛(mao)呈(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)程(cheng)度的灰(hui)(hui)色(se)(se)，額頂有一寬窄不(bu)(bu)等的灰(hui)(hui)白色(se)(se)毛(mao)圈，眼(yan)瞼(jian)淡黃(huang)，喙和(he)額瘤(liu)黑色(se)(se)，脛、蹼為橘(ju)紅(hong)色(se)(se)或黑色(se)(se)，咽袋呈(cheng)(cheng)三(san)角形(xing)，外形(xing)獨具(ju)特征。平(ping)壩(ba)灰(hui)(hui)鵝肉色(se)(se)紅(hong)亮，肉質細嫩，味鮮(xian)美(mei)清香，油而不(bu)(bu)膩。

2、內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao)：蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)18-22(g/100g）,鉀195-205(mg/100g）,膽(dan)固醇(chun)50-70(mg/100g)；氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)：谷氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、賴氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、精(jing)氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)等16種(zhong)氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)總(zong)量16.1-20.6(g/100g)；不飽和(he)脂肪(fang)(fang)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)：α-亞麻酸(suan)(suan)(suan)C18：3n3等不飽和(he)脂肪(fang)(fang)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)總(zong)量60-74.1(g/100g)。生長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)發育(yu)(yu)：平(ping)壩灰鵝(e)(e)(e)生長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)較快，剛出殼的(de)雛鵝(e)(e)(e)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)92.5克(ke)(ke)(ke)，30日(ri)(ri)齡體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)達(da)731克(ke)(ke)(ke)。30～90日(ri)(ri)齡為(wei)(wei)(wei)發育(yu)(yu)盛期，其消(xiao)化能力、抗病力和(he)適(shi)應性(xing)(xing)等大為(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)，骨骼、肌肉、羽(yu)(yu)毛(mao)(mao)迅速(su)生長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。尤(you)以30～40日(ri)(ri)齡生長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)最快，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)增重(zhong)(zhong)76克(ke)(ke)(ke)。90日(ri)(ri)齡體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)3.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，母(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)3.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)成年(nian)鵝(e)(e)(e)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)70.8%和(he)80.9%，最重(zhong)(zhong)個體(ti)(ti)可達(da)5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。雛鵝(e)(e)(e)20日(ri)(ri)齡胎(tai)毛(mao)(mao)由黃變灰白(bai)，30日(ri)(ri)齡尾部(bu)、體(ti)(ti)側、翼(yi)、腹部(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)毛(mao)(mao)，50～60日(ri)(ri)齡頭(tou)面(mian)換好(hao)羽(yu)(yu)毛(mao)(mao)，60～80日(ri)(ri)齡背腰羽(yu)(yu)毛(mao)(mao)換齊(qi)，翅羽(yu)(yu)開始生長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，5月齡后主翼(yi)羽(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)齊(qi)。成年(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)4.4～6.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，最高可達(da)8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，成年(nian)母(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)3.4～5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，最高為(wei)(wei)(wei)7公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)能：產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)旺季集(ji)中在(zai)10月下旬至(zhi)11月下旬，每(mei)窩(wo)(wo)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)11枚(mei)，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)量33枚(mei)，最高達(da)55枚(mei)，周歲年(nian)產(chan)(chan)2窩(wo)(wo)，18～36枚(mei)，2～3周歲以上的(de)經產(chan)(chan)鵝(e)(e)(e)年(nian)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)3窩(wo)(wo)，27～44枚(mei)，多為(wei)(wei)(wei)隔天產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)。蛋(dan)(dan)殼白(bai)色，蛋(dan)(dan)較大，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)重(zhong)(zhong)150.7克(ke)(ke)(ke)，最重(zhong)(zhong)達(da)178克(ke)(ke)(ke)，蛋(dan)(dan)形橢圓，蛋(dan)(dan)型指(zhi)數1.48。蛋(dan)(dan)殼厚度(du)0.62毫(hao)米，蛋(dan)(dan)品(pin)質(zhi)好(hao)，蛋(dan)(dan)白(bai)粘稠，蛋(dan)(dan)黃色澤深黃。產(chan)(chan)肉性(xing)(xing)能 在(zai)農村散養(yang)條件下，半凈(jing)膛屠(tu)宰率(lv)(lv)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)78.1%,母(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)77.4%，全凈(jing)膛屠(tu)宰率(lv)(lv)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)67.6%，母(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)67.8%，肥育(yu)(yu)性(xing)(xing)能良好(hao)，脂肪(fang)(fang)沉積能力強(qiang)。用玉米15～20公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)強(qiang)制育(yu)(yu)肥20～30日(ri)(ri)，可增重(zhong)(zhong)1.5～3公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。繁殖性(xing)(xing)能 平(ping)壩灰鵝(e)(e)(e)性(xing)(xing)成熟較晚，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)需200～270天，母(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)需240～300天，母(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)就(jiu)巢性(xing)(xing)較強(qiang)，下完一窩(wo)(wo)蛋(dan)(dan)就(jiu)賴抱(bao)。自然孵(fu)化期平(ping)均(jun)(jun)30日(ri)(ri)，最長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)32日(ri)(ri)，受(shou)精(jing)率(lv)(lv)達(da)89.7%，孵(fu)化率(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)87.5%，鵝(e)(e)(e)群公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、母(mu)比(bi)例一般為(wei)(wei)(wei)1：4。

四.特定生產方式(shi)

1、產(chan)地選(xuan)擇：首先應選(xuan)擇牧(mu)(mu)草資(zi)源豐富(fu)的(de)(de)山塘水庫，周圍有(you)利(li)于(yu)種植優質(zhi)(zhi)牧(mu)(mu)草的(de)(de)草山草坡，水源四季(ji)供水充足，無污染，通(tong)風順暢，向陽(yang)避風，位于(yu)居(ju)民區下風向。土質(zhi)(zhi)應選(xuan)擇透水性好的(de)(de)沙質(zhi)(zhi)土壤。電力(li)通(tong)訊交通(tong)便利(li)，但考慮到防疫的(de)(de)需要，鵝舍(she)與主(zhu)要交通(tong)干線(xian)的(de)(de)距離(li)應不少于(yu)1000米。

2、品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育(yu)：平(ping)(ping)壩(ba)(ba)灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)的品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育(yu)在保(bao)(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)和(he)保(bao)(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區同時進行，由貴州大(da)學動物科(ke)學院(yuan)、貴州省畜牧獸醫科(ke)研所(suo)等(deng)提(ti)供技(ji)術指導。1982年開始(shi)進行平(ping)(ping)壩(ba)(ba)灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)的選育(yu)，重點針(zhen)對(dui)平(ping)(ping)壩(ba)(ba)灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特性進行整(zheng)理，提(ti)高(gao)體型外(wai)(wai)貌(mao)和(he)生產性能的整(zheng)齊度(du)。2004年在中心產區建設平(ping)(ping)壩(ba)(ba)灰(hui)(hui)鵝(e)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)場(chang)，占地52畝，存欄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鵝(e)1250羽(yu)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)母鵝(e)1000羽(yu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公鵝(e)250羽(yu)，有人工孵化(hua)室、人工授精室、育(yu)雛室及相應的配套(tao)設備(bei)。在保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區建設有200羽(yu)以上保(bao)(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)擴繁場(chang)8個，存欄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鵝(e)1962羽(yu)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)公鵝(e)327羽(yu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)母鵝(e)1635羽(yu)。在保(bao)(bao)護(hu)場(chang)和(he)保(bao)(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區除采取(qu)制(zhi)定(ding)規劃、獎勵扶持(chi)、設立專項(xiang)發展(zhan)資金、目標考(kao)核等(deng)行政措施外(wai)(wai)，還采取(qu)以下技(ji)術措施：2.1在保(bao)(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區嚴禁飼(si)養其它鵝(e)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；2.2按(an)標準選留種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鵝(e)。

3、生產(chan)過程管理:本(ben)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)定了平壩灰鵝飼(si)養過程的(de)要求。人員(yuan)(yuan)管理：鵝場(chang)的(de)飼(si)養員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)定期進行(xing)健康(kang)檢查，傳(chuan)染病患者(zhe)不得從事養殖(zhi)工作；場(chang)內獸醫人員(yuan)(yuan)不準對外診療。一般(ban)養殖(zhi)場(chang)（戶(hu)）的(de)養殖(zhi)從業人員(yuan)(yuan)也應(ying)保持健康(kang)。飼(si)養管理：

①雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)、雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)是(shi)指4周(zhou)齡(ling)以(yi)內的(de)(de)鵝(e)(e)。雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)的(de)(de)采食量(liang)(liang)依據(ju)日(ri)(ri)齡(ling)的(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)而不(bu)同(tong)(tong)。具(ju)體每(mei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)采食多少(shao)適宜，見下(xia)表(biao)1（略)：飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)進(jin)入(ru)育雛(chu)(chu)室后，先飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后開(kai)食或者同(tong)(tong)時進(jin)行(xing)，若是(shi)浸透(tou)(tou)米(mi)（飯(fan)）和青(qing)(qing)飼料可(ke)(ke)(ke)隔日(ri)(ri)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)配合飼料需天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。見下(xia)表(biao)（略）：20-30°C時每(mei)100只雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)的(de)(de)飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)單位：升/100只、天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)出殼24小時后飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中可(ke)(ke)(ke)加入(ru)復合維生素(su)和少(shao)許紅(hong)糖；也可(ke)(ke)(ke)每(mei)公斤水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)加入(ru)1克維生素(su)或0.1%高錳酸鉀溶液(ye)；或者可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)青(qing)(qing)茶泡(pao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)飲(yin)，50克茶葉泡(pao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)2公斤。但不(bu)能(neng)讓飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)沾濕絨毛(mao)和溢(yi)濕墊草(cao)(cao)。開(kai)食：開(kai)食飼料應當(dang)是(shi)營養豐富(fu)、易消(xiao)化、鮮嫩多汁，用(yong)青(qing)(qing)飼料拌浸透(tou)(tou)碎(sui)米(mi)，青(qing)(qing)、碎(sui)米(mi)比例為(wei)4：1。飼喂(wei)(wei)(wei)次數：飼喂(wei)(wei)(wei)應少(shao)量(liang)(liang)多餐，提高飼料利用(yong)率。一般前(qian)(qian)3天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)白(bai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)4—5次，晚上加喂(wei)(wei)(wei)一次；4—10日(ri)(ri)齡(ling)，白(bai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)5—6次，晚上加喂(wei)(wei)(wei)1次。每(mei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)投(tou)料以(yi)八成飽為(wei)宜。雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)放牧(mu)：從11日(ri)(ri)齡(ling)起，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)晴好時，有條件的(de)(de)地方可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)開(kai)始放牧(mu)，放牧(mu)前(qian)(qian)不(bu)喂(wei)(wei)(wei)料，促使(shi)(shi)雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)在(zai)(zai)草(cao)(cao)地采食野青(qing)(qing)草(cao)(cao)。每(mei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上午(wu)、下(xia)午(wu)各放牧(mu)一次。嬉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：雛(chu)(chu)鵝(e)(e)在(zai)(zai)羽毛(mao)未長出前(qian)(qian)絕對不(bu)能(neng)嬉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，腹部羽毛(mao)長齊后，晴天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)讓其(qi)在(zai)(zai)淺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、清(qing)潔水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中嬉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。

②育成(cheng)鵝(e)(e)(e)放(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)補料(liao)(liao)(liao)：育成(cheng)鵝(e)(e)(e)一月齡后消(xiao)化能力(li)強(qiang)，是生長(chang)速度最快的(de)階(jie)段。飼(si)養(yang)(yang)管理應(ying)充分放(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)或(huo)全天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)。沒有條件放(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)，實行圈養(yang)(yang)，只要(yao)(yao)是無毒青菜、野菜都可(ke)切碎(sui)拌(ban)入適(shi)量的(de)米(mi)(mi)糠、玉米(mi)(mi)粉、谷(gu)粉或(huo)配(pei)合飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)供鵝(e)(e)(e)足夠食(shi)用(yong)。晚(wan)上(shang)飼(si)喂：中鵝(e)(e)(e)消(xiao)化能力(li)強(qiang)，晚(wan)上(shang)應(ying)增(zeng)加(jia)補給(gei)配(pei)合料(liao)(liao)(liao)拌(ban)入青飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)進行飼(si)喂。配(pei)合料(liao)(liao)(liao)可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)稻谷(gu)38—41%、玉8—10%、麥麩10%、米(mi)(mi)糠20—22%、濃縮料(liao)(liao)(liao)12—15%、礦物質3%。增(zeng)加(jia)育成(cheng)鵝(e)(e)(e)的(de)日糧和營(ying)養(yang)(yang)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)。放(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)嬉(xi)(xi)水：在放(fang)(fang)牧(mu)(mu)過程中，采(cai)取采(cai)食(shi)—嬉(xi)(xi)水—休息—采(cai)食(shi)的(de)方法，每天(tian)(tian)不少于三(san)次(ci)嬉(xi)(xi)水，高溫天(tian)(tian)氣嬉(xi)(xi)水次(ci)數(shu)增(zeng)多(duo)，時間要(yao)(yao)延長(chang)。

③肉(rou)用(yong)(yong)鵝肉(rou)用(yong)(yong)鵝是青(qing)年鵝飼養到(dao)45-60 日齡時，不(bu)(bu)留(liu)種用(yong)(yong)而(er)進行肥(fei)(fei)育作為商品鵝。肉(rou)鵝育肥(fei)(fei)時間一般(ban)10—15天(tian)。舍飼育肥(fei)(fei)：適(shi)宜于集(ji)約(yue)化規模化生產(chan)。其方(fang)法：喂(wei)給高能量(liang)(liang)日糧如玉米(mi)(mi)、稻谷等(deng)；限制光照在(zai)較暗(an)的(de)(de)(de)欄舍內(nei)飼喂(wei)；減少運動，每(mei)(mei)平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)4—6只；不(bu)(bu)限量(liang)(liang)飼喂(wei)并保證有充足飲水，以增(zeng)進食欲幫助消化，使體脂(zhi)迅(xun)速(su)沉積。填(tian)(tian)飼育肥(fei)(fei)：將紅(hong)薯(shu)馬鈴薯(shu)絲、碎米(mi)(mi)、米(mi)(mi)糠等(deng)混合精料或配合飼料加適(shi)量(liang)(liang)水，搓成粗1-1.5厘米(mi)(mi)、長6厘米(mi)(mi)左右的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)狀物，等(deng)其涼(liang)干后，用(yong)(yong)人工填(tian)(tian)入鵝的(de)(de)(de)食道中。每(mei)(mei)天(tian)填(tian)(tian)3次，每(mei)(mei)次3—4條(tiao)，然后逐(zhu)漸增(zeng)加到(dao)每(mei)(mei)天(tian)4—5次，每(mei)(mei)次填(tian)(tian)5—6條(tiao)。填(tian)(tian)喂(wei)后把(ba)鵝關(guan)在(zai)圈內(nei)，盡量(liang)(liang)減少活動，并供(gong)給充足飲水。育肥(fei)(fei)鵝膘(biao)度標志(zhi)：全身(shen)皮(pi)(pi)下(xia)脂(zhi)肪(fang)肥(fei)(fei)厚，尾部豐滿，胸肌胞滿厚實，摸不(bu)(bu)到(dao)龍骨(gu)，富含脂(zhi)肪(fang)，翼下(xia)兩(liang)側體軀(qu)皮(pi)(pi)膚下(xia)脂(zhi)肪(fang)增(zeng)厚，結實富有彈性似(si)板粟(su)大小的(de)(de)(de)脂(zhi)肪(fang)團為上(shang)等(deng)肥(fei)(fei)度；若肥(fei)(fei)肪(fang)團疏松(song)為中等(deng)肥(fei)(fei)度；摸不(bu)(bu)到(dao)肥(fei)(fei)肪(fang)團為下(xia)等(deng)肥(fei)(fei)度。

④種(zhong)母鵝(e)種(zhong)母鵝(e)的(de)飼(si)養(yang)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)后備期(qi)(qi)(qi)、休(xiu)產(chan)(chan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、預產(chan)(chan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)生產(chan)(chan)管理。后備種(zhong)母鵝(e)的(de)管理：須降低(di)能量飼(si)料(liao)(liao)，增加礦物質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)，以提(ti)高產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)量。種(zhong)母鵝(e)休(xiu)產(chan)(chan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)飼(si)養(yang)：休(xiu)產(chan)(chan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)是指母鵝(e)在(zai)4—5月(yue)份(fen)結束產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)到下半年7—8月(yue)份(fen)之間階段。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)以放(fang)牧為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，補(bu)料(liao)(liao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔，節約精(jing)料(liao)(liao)，日(ri)糧由(you)精(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗，降低(di)飼(si)養(yang)成(cheng)本。種(zhong)母鵝(e)預產(chan)(chan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)飼(si)養(yang)：須喂好(hao)喂飽，放(fang)牧時間延長。在(zai)運動(dong)場放(fang)置貝殼粉、成(cheng)石灰粉、供(gong)其采食，精(jing)料(liao)(liao)中要(yao)添(tian)加營養(yang)價值全面的(de)占日(ri)糧5%的(de)濃(nong)縮料(liao)(liao)，促進各種(zhong)營養(yang)物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)儲(chu)備為(wei)(wei)(wei)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)做好(hao)準備。種(zhong)母鵝(e)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)飼(si)養(yang)：產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)母鵝(e)應以舍飼(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，放(fang)牧為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔。日(ri)糧中精(jing)、粗、青料(liao)(liao)要(yao)合理搭配(pei)(pei)，要(yao)喂給含鈣磷多的(de)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)使母鵝(e)在(zai)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)保持旺(wang)盛性欲，提(ti)高種(zhong)蛋(dan)(dan)受(shou)精(jing)率，公母合群放(fang)牧，增加交配(pei)(pei)次數。公、母比(bi)例為(wei)(wei)(wei)1：5。

⑤種公鵝(e)(e)(e)種公鵝(e)(e)(e)按平壩灰(hui)鵝(e)(e)(e)特性特征標準評分(fen)90分(fen)以(yi)上作種用。在(zai)配種前嚴格淘汰劣質(zhi)、病殘公鵝(e)(e)(e)。自(zi)然交配：種公鵝(e)(e)(e)的(de)后備期(qi)、生(sheng)產期(qi)都可(ke)與(yu)種母鵝(e)(e)(e)合群飼養在(zai)一(yi)起，同群放牧，同群喂料(liao)(liao)(liao)。人(ren)工授精(jing)(jing)的(de)種公鵝(e)(e)(e)：種公鵝(e)(e)(e)群不(bu)宜過大，一(yi)般(ban)為40只以(yi)內(nei)，根據體(ti)質(zhi)、年齡(ling)、個體(ti)大小(xiao)編組(zu)放在(zai)小(xiao)欄中飼養。每只公鵝(e)(e)(e)占地要(yao)有一(yi)平方米以(yi)上。青料(liao)(liao)(liao)不(bu)限量喂給(gei)，給(gei)足清潔飲水，精(jing)(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)或配合料(liao)(liao)(liao)要(yao)富(fu)含蛋(dan)白質(zhi)和必需氨基酸、維生(sheng)素、礦物質(zhi)。采精(jing)(jing)頻率，每天不(bu)得超過三次(ci)，最好隔日采精(jing)(jing)一(yi)次(ci)為優(you)。

⑥生(sheng)產記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建(jian)立生(sheng)產記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)檔案，包(bao)括(kuo)引種記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，培訓(xun)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，飼養管理記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，飼料(liao)采購(gou)和使用(yong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)（含青(qing)飼料(liao)），鵝(e)蛋(dan)(dan)生(sheng)產記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，廢棄物(wu)處理記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，消毒記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，獸藥使用(yong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，防疫免疫記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，病死尸體或淘(tao)汰(tai)種鵝(e)的處理記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，鵝(e)蛋(dan)(dan)檢測(ce)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、活鵝(e)檢疫記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，銷售(shou)記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)等。所(suo)有記(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)應(ying)在灰鵝(e)出售(shou)或清群后保存(cun)3年以上。

五.包(bao)裝標識相關規定

本規(gui)定(ding)地(di)域范(fan)圍內的平(ping)壩灰鵝(e)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)者，在產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或包裝上使(shi)用農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)，須向安順市平(ping)壩區(qu)畜(chu)禽品(pin)種改良站(zhan)提出申請，按(an)照相關要(yao)求(qiu)規(gui)范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和使(shi)用標(biao)志(zhi)，統一采用平(ping)壩灰鵝(e)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名稱和農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)公共標(biao)識(shi)相結合的標(biao)識(shi)標(biao)注(zhu)方法(fa)。