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一(yi).自然(ran)生(sheng)態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素

安(an)順(shun)(shun)金刺梨產區(qu)地(di)勢相(xiang)(xiang)對平坦，全區(qu)海拔800m——1400m之間，產區(qu)廣泛分布著適宜安(an)順(shun)(shun)金刺梨生長的黃壤(rang)(rang)，以黃壤(rang)(rang)為主，次有(you)石灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、山(shan)地(di)黃棕壤(rang)(rang)、水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質地(di)表層(ceng)(ceng)多(duo)(duo)為砂壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)——中壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，底層(ceng)(ceng)多(duo)(duo)為輕壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)——重壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，含(han)鐵、磷等元素(su)豐富，全市自然土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)多(duo)(duo)處丘陵地(di)帶。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)濕潤，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)較厚，腐(fu)殖質層(ceng)(ceng)厚，質地(di)適中。地(di)表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)有(you)機質層(ceng)(ceng)厚度10cm以上，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)厚度40cm以上，表層(ceng)(ceng)有(you)機質含(han)量(liang)大于2％，全氮大于0.1％，平均(jun)(jun)PH值5.5，產區(qu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu含(han)量(liang)全部符合NY5020—2001無(wu)公害(hai)標準，這也(ye)是安(an)順(shun)(shun)金刺梨微量(liang)元素(su)含(han)量(liang)理(li)想的原因。產區(qu)年平均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)14—16℃，年均(jun)(jun)日照(zhao)(zhao)數(shu)為1200—1400h，全市年霧日數(shu)多(duo)(duo)在60天左右，日照(zhao)(zhao)率為26—33%。年平均(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)1100—1450mm，平均(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)對濕度72—82%，是安(an)順(shun)(shun)金刺梨生產適宜區(qu)域。

二.地域范圍

安(an)順金(jin)刺梨農產品地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保護范圍安(an)順市(shi)西秀區(qu)、平壩(ba)縣(xian)(xian)、普定縣(xian)(xian)、鎮(zhen)寧縣(xian)(xian)、關嶺縣(xian)(xian)、紫云縣(xian)(xian)、安(an)順經濟開(kai)發區(qu)、黃(huang)果樹管(guan)委(wei)會等8個縣(xian)(xian)、區(qu)（管(guan)委(wei)會）現轄行政區(qu)域。地(di)(di)理坐標為：北(bei)緯25°21’至26°38’，東經105°13’至106°34’。種植面(mian)積16.5萬(wan)畝，產量4萬(wan)噸，產值4億元。地(di)(di)處長江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水系烏江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域和(he)珠(zhu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水系北(bei)盤(pan)(pan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流域的分水嶺地(di)(di)帶(dai)，立(li)體氣候和(he)生物多(duo)樣性(xing)明顯，森林覆蓋率達36%。全市(shi)東鄰省會貴陽市(shi)和(he)黔南布(bu)依族苗族自治州(zhou)，西靠六盤(pan)(pan)水市(shi)，南連黔西南布(bu)依族苗族自治州(zhou)，北(bei)接(jie)畢(bi)節(jie)地(di)(di)區(qu)，總面(mian)積9267平方公里(li)。

三.產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)(te)性特(te)(te)征

1、外在感官特征：果(guo)實(shi)外形紡(fang)錘形，果(guo)皮黃褐色，密(mi)生針刺、萼片宿存暗綠色，果(guo)肉(rou)金黃色，肉(rou)質脆嫩，風(feng)味濃，囊室著(zhu)生絲(si)狀種子。

2、內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標：安順金(jin)(jin)刺梨品(pin)質(zhi)優異(yi)，經貴州省農產品(pin)質(zhi)量安全監督檢驗測試中心(xin)檢測顯示，安順金(jin)(jin)刺梨還原糖為(wei)4.5～8.5%，維生素C為(wei)850.0～1000.0mg/100g。

3、安(an)順金(jin)刺(ci)梨(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)嚴格按無公害農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規范(fan)和(he)標(biao)準生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)品安(an)全質量應符合DB52/T XXXXX—XXXX《安(an)順金(jin)刺(ci)梨(li)栽培技術規范(fan)》。

四.特定生(sheng)產方式

安(an)順金(jin)刺梨(li)栽種區(qu)域一(yi)般選(xuan)擇(ze)交通條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件好(hao)(hao)，排灌方便的(de)(de)緩坡地(di)帶(dai)(dai)，坡地(di)坡度(du)≤30度(du)，并改為(wei)(wei)梯(ti)地(di)，開梯(ti)沿(yan)坡的(de)(de)等高(gao)線寬度(du)應(ying)(ying)為(wei)(wei)栽植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帶(dai)(dai)距(ju)(ju)1.5的(de)(de)倍數。園地(di)環境質量應(ying)(ying)符合(he)NY5023《無公害食品熱帶(dai)(dai)水果產(chan)地(di)環境條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件》的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。主(zhu)要栽培(pei)(pei)品種為(wei)(wei)金(jin)刺梨(li)。繁殖方式(shi)為(wei)(wei)扦(qian)(qian)插(cha)育苗(miao)。扦(qian)(qian)插(cha)育苗(miao)春(chun)、夏、秋(qiu)三季(ji)(ji)均可進(jin)行(xing)，春(chun)插(cha)將(jiang)(jiang)1年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)剪成(cheng)10～12cm長，下端斜剪，上(shang)(shang)端斜剪藏于濕沙中。次(ci)年(nian)(nian)2月(yue)上(shang)(shang)中旬(xun)斜插(cha)于苗(miao)圃中，露(lu)1芽在外，踏實插(cha)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)周圍(wei)(wei)床(chuang)土(tu)。夏、秋(qiu)扦(qian)(qian)插(cha)，取(qu)1～3年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)，用(yong)ABT生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根(gen)粉處理插(cha)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)基部，成(cheng)活(huo)(huo)率100%。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)2m×1m或2m×1.5m的(de)(de)行(xing)株(zhu)距(ju)(ju)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)期于11月(yue)下旬(xun)到翌年(nian)(nian)2月(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)落葉后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)休眠(mian)期內(nei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術:定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，先在定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴上(shang)(shang)挖大小適(shi)宜的(de)(de)坑，將(jiang)(jiang)苗(miao)放(fang)(fang)入坑內(nei)，確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)好(hao)(hao)苗(miao)木(mu)的(de)(de)位置和深(shen)度(du)，將(jiang)(jiang)根(gen)系(xi)疏展，填入細土(tu)，再將(jiang)(jiang)苗(miao)木(mu)略向上(shang)(shang)提，使(shi)其(qi)根(gen)系(xi)伸展開，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)士填回，踏實。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)以苗(miao)木(mu)出圃時(shi)的(de)(de)埋(mai)土(tu)深(shen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)準(zhun)，在定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴周圍(wei)(wei)或溝的(de)(de)兩側(ce)筑上(shang)(shang)小土(tu)埂(geng)，澆透定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水，加強管(guan)理，以保成(cheng)活(huo)(huo)。栽培(pei)(pei)管(guan)理包括整形(xing)修剪：保持(chi)樹(shu)高(gao)1.5～2m，冠幅1.5m左右(you)，全(quan)叢5～8個(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)上(shang)(shang)交錯分布(bu)結果母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)；中耕除(chu)草(cao)：樹(shu)苗(miao)成(cheng)活(huo)(huo)后(hou)(hou)，每年(nian)(nian)春(chun)、秋(qiu)兩季(ji)(ji)應(ying)(ying)結合(he)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)進(jin)行(xing)兩次(ci)中耕除(chu)草(cao)，疏松(song)土(tu)壤，除(chu)去樹(shu)兜周圍(wei)(wei)雜草(cao)，以利生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長，冬季(ji)(ji)須(xu)培(pei)(pei)土(tu)壅兜，防凍(dong)保暖(nuan)；施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)：多(duo)施(shi)(shi)磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)，以促(cu)進(jin)果實生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長，春(chun)季(ji)(ji)應(ying)(ying)施(shi)(shi)氮磷混合(he)肥(fei)(fei)料，以促(cu)進(jin)枝(zhi)(zhi)葉生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長及開花，一(yi)般成(cheng)年(nian)(nian)樹(shu)春(chun)季(ji)(ji)每株(zhu)可施(shi)(shi)廄(jiu)肥(fei)(fei)2～5kg ;秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)每株(zhu)可施(shi)(shi)堆肥(fei)(fei)、草(cao)木(mu)灰等5～10kg ，將(jiang)(jiang)樹(shu)周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)挖開一(yi)層，圍(wei)(wei)繞四周將(jiang)(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)入，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)仍(reng)用(yong)原(yuan)土(tu)覆蓋。自8～11月(yue)底采(cai)(cai)收(shou)，分鮮果和干(gan)制，以果實深(shen)黃色，并有果香味散發(fa)時(shi)分批采(cai)(cai)摘為(wei)(wei)好(hao)(hao)。采(cai)(cai)摘時(shi)應(ying)(ying)輕放(fang)(fang)防壓，鮮果采(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)立即出售(shou)。干(gan)果加工(gong)簡便，將(jiang)(jiang)果實曬(shai)干(gan)、烘干(gan)即可。干(gan)制品存放(fang)(fang)時(shi)間約為(wei)(wei)1年(nian)(nian)。

五.包裝標識相關(guan)規定

本(ben)規定(ding)地(di)域范圍內的安順金刺(ci)梨農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品生產(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)者，在產(chan)(chan)品或包裝上使(shi)用農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志，須(xu)向安順市農(nong)(nong)業技術推廣站提出申請，按照相關要求規范生產(chan)(chan)和使(shi)用標(biao)志，統一采用安順金刺(ci)梨產(chan)(chan)品名稱和農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志公共標(biao)識相結合的標(biao)識標(biao)注方法。