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貴州(zhou)六大貢米(mi)(mi)中歷史最悠(you)久的(de)貢米(mi)(mi)，米(mi)(mi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上乘，米(mi)(mi)品珍貴，有(you)云貴高(gao)原黑珍珠之稱。據《定番(fan)州(zhou)志》記載，宋朝(chao)時(shi)期，南寧(ning)州(zhou)（今(jin)惠(hui)水）土(tu)司龍彥韜(tao)帶領一千余(yu)人，歷時(shi)兩月專程向朝(chao)廷進貢黑糯(nuo)米(mi)(mi)，深得皇帝贊賞，自(zi)此黑糯(nuo)米(mi)(mi)成為南寧(ning)州(zhou)各(ge)番(fan)向朝(chao)廷進貢的(de)地方特產(chan)。黑糯(nuo)米(mi)(mi)米(mi)(mi)皮(pi)紫黑、內(nei)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)潔(jie)白、煮后黝黑晶(jing)瑩(ying)色(se)澤(ze)鮮艷、濃(nong)郁芳(fang)香、口(kou)感清(qing)香自(zi)然、綿軟而(er)有(you)彈性，富含豐富的(de)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、VB1、VB2以及(ji)Fe、Zn、Cu等(deng)微量元素(su)，素(su)有(you)“補血米(mi)(mi)”、“長(chang)壽米(mi)(mi)”、“藥(yao)米(mi)(mi)”、“神仙米(mi)(mi)”等(deng)美(mei)稱。

在惠水少數民(min)族(zu)豐(feng)富多樣(yang)的包(bao)含文化中(zhong)，糯食文化是最具(ju)特(te)色的文化這一，惠水黑糯米是一種地方(fang)稀有(you)糯稻，栽培歷史源遠流長，因其具(ju)有(you)食味濃郁芳香、綿軟(ruan)有(you)彈性，冷(leng)后(hou)回硬(ying)感特(te)點以及(ji)明顯的藥(yao)用功能，在清朝時期，也在漢(han)族(zu)和其他民(min)族(zu)中(zhong)開始大規模種植，據光緒年間《貴州通(tong)志》 記載：定番仲家，廣(guang)值黑稻，味香糯彈，漢(han)族(zu)廣(guang)植。

惠(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)因(yin)其品質好(hao)而稀有(you)珍(zhen)貴，被譽(yu)為(wei)云貴高原的(de)(de)(de)“黑(hei)(hei)珍(zhen)珠(zhu)”。惠(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)富含滋補和藥用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)效，中醫記載(zai)：黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)具(ju)有(you)補血益氣、補腦健(jian)腎(shen)(shen)，使肌膚細嫩，體制增強功(gong)效的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)效。有(you)內服滋補、外用(yong)接骨生(sheng)肌之效，故又有(you)“藥米(mi)(mi)”之稱。在(zai)舊社會時期，醫療條件差，惠(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)當地的(de)(de)(de)產婦(fu)在(zai)坐月子期間都(dou)要吃黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)，俗稱“月婆(po)飯”，因(yin)為(wei)黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)有(you)收宮健(jian)身之功(gong)。在(zai)惠(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)，當媳(xi)婦(fu)有(you)身孕時，自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)婆(po)婆(po)和丈(zhang)夫(fu)都(dou)會提前準備好(hao)上好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)，中醫理論有(you)黑(hei)(hei)入(ru)腎(shen)(shen)，腎(shen)(shen)強則青春煥(huan)發(fa)、精(jing)力充(chong)沛(pei)。在(zai)惠(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)主產區擺金鎮(zhen)、雅(ya)水(shui)(shui)鎮(zhen)一帶，當地人個(ge)個(ge)頭發(fa)烏(wu)黑(hei)(hei)、精(jing)神抖擻，就與(yu)他們長(chang)期食(shi)用(yong)惠(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)黑(hei)(hei)糯米(mi)(mi)有(you)著很大的(de)(de)(de)關系。

營養價值

黑(hei)糯米以其具有豐(feng)富的營(ying)養價(jia)值和藥用價(jia)值而被譽為“黑(hei)珍珠”。

中(zhong)醫理論上(shang)，“有(you)(you)(you)黑(hei)入腎，腎強則青春煥發(fa)，精力充(chong)沛”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說；民間(jian)則視為具有(you)(you)(you)滋(zi)補健身和藥(yao)用功效(xiao)。根據(ju)貴州農學院對(dui)(dui)十(shi)七個(ge)黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)品(pin)種和五(wu)個(ge)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)品(pin)種進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)化驗(yan)對(dui)(dui)比(bi)的(de)結果，黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)比(bi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)質、賴氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)和核(he)黃素含量(liang)都(dou)高。黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粗蛋白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)含量(liang)在百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)八點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)八至(zhi)十(shi)四點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)，平(ping)均為百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)四八，而(er)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)僅(jin)為百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)五(wu)三(san)至(zhi)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)八，平(ping)均為百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)五(wu)二(er)；黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)賴氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)含量(liang)在百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)二(er)至(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)五(wu)二(er)，平(ping)均為百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)四一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，而(er)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)僅(jin)百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)八至(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)七，乎(hu)均為百(bai)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)二(er)；黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)每百(bai)克含核(he)黃素在零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)至(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)毫(hao)(hao)克，平(ping)均為零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)毫(hao)(hao)克，而(er)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)僅(jin)為零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)零(ling)八至(zhi)零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)毫(hao)(hao)克，平(ping)均為零(ling)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)毫(hao)(hao)克。根據(ju)民食習慣，黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以糙米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)進(jin)食，白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以精白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)進(jin)食。因此，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般地(di)說來，黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)營養(yang)價(jia)值(zhi)比(bi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)高得(de)多。產(chan)(chan)婦食用黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)較之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)有(you)(you)(you)助于滋(zi)補產(chan)(chan)后造成的(de)身體虛(xu)弱(ruo)，有(you)(you)(you)利于增加乳汁，哺乳嬰兒。黑(hei)糯(nuo)(nuo)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)不僅(jin)對(dui)(dui)產(chan)(chan)婦有(you)(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)滋(zi)補作(zuo)用，而(er)且對(dui)(dui)于慢性病患者(zhe)、恢復期病人和體虛(xu)者(zhe)，都(dou)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種很好(hao)的(de)營養(yang)滋(zi)補品(pin)。

因此(ci)，多(duo)少年來，即成為(wei)當(dang)地農民(min)群眾，特別是少數(shu)民(min)族逢(feng)年過節(jie)和待(dai)客(ke)送禮的珍品。