一.產品介紹
貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)于(yu)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)縣云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)鎮云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan),云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)在(zai)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)省(sheng)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)縣南,為(wei)苗(miao)(miao)嶺(ling)山(shan)脈主峰(feng),海拔(ba)1583.6m,是烏、沅、盤(pan)三江分水嶺(ling),山(shan)多(duo)危(wei)峰(feng)峭壁(bi)、云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)彌漫,故名云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)。《康熙貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)通志》記(ji)載(zai):“黔(qian)省(sheng)各屬皆產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)最有(you)(you)(you)名。”“隋(sui)置(zhi)賓化(hua)縣于(yu)大(da)平伐(fa)(fa)司……唐(tang)貞(zhen)觀間移故賓化(hua)縣”“長官司土(tu)官來朝(chao),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)及(ji)方(fang)物”。在(zai)史(shi)(shi)書記(ji)載(zai)中(zhong)(zhong),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)歷史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)向歷代皇(huang)帝(di)進(jin)獻貢(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)物”的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai)很(hen)多(duo)。到(dao)明朝(chao)就(jiu)更多(duo)而(er)(er)(er)詳細:《明實(shi)錄(lu)太祖洪(hong)(hong)武(wu)實(shi)錄(lu)》146、230卷(juan)中(zhong)(zhong)記(ji)載(zai):“洪(hong)(hong)武(wu)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六月辛卯(1382年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))新添、大(da)平伐(fa)(fa)、小平伐(fa)(fa)土(tu)酋俱(ju)來朝(chao)……詔賜文(wen)綺帛各五匹,鈔二十(shi)錠。”“土(tu)官盧(lu)朝(chao)奉來朝(chao),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)及(ji)方(fang)物。”僅在(zai)《明實(shi)錄(lu)》所(suo)記(ji)載(zai)其276年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歷史(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong),貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)歷史(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)馬(ma)及(ji)方(fang)物”就(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)27處記(ji)載(zai)。《乾(qian)隆貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)通志》、《續遵(zun)義府志》又記(ji)載(zai):“云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)為(wei)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)茗(ming)品(pin)(pin)之(zhi)冠,歲以充貢(gong)(gong)(gong)”即每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)都(dou)要(yao)進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)給朝(chao)廷(ting)。而(er)(er)(er)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)給皇(huang)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數量與折銀(yin)(yin)數量都(dou)記(ji)得清(qing)楚:“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽(ya)伍拾(shi)叁(san)斤(jin)壹拾(shi)壹兩(liang)(liang)(liang)陸錢伍厘。” 清(qing)乾(qian)隆五十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1870年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))以官府批文(wen)而(er)(er)(er)刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)《云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碑》,碑云(yun)(yun):“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)數舉茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)斛(hu)及(ji)其余(yu)所(suo)派之(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),準行停(ting)止(zhi),以免采辦之(zhi)累;撥銀(yin)(yin)肆百貳兩(liang)(liang)(liang),收(shou)后發交殷實(shi)之(zhi)戶生復。再年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)購辦該處貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。”碑文(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)處有(you)(you)(you)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”二字是歷史(shi)(shi)實(shi)物見證。清(qing)光緒(xu)三十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、三十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1904—1905年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)巡撫(fu)林紹年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向朝(chao)廷(ting)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha):“貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)縣芽(ya)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)皇(huang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)一(yi)匣,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)老(lao)佛爺一(yi)匣。”這段(duan)文(wen)字抄自中(zhong)(zhong)國第(di)一(yi)檔(dang)案館(guan)藏(zang)《清(qing)宮秘檔(dang)》。 1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),有(you)(you)(you)關人(ren)(ren)士將(jiang)明代高僧,陽寶山(shan)白(bai)云(yun)(yun)長老(lao)“采自云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)巔”,而(er)(er)(er)培(pei)育的(de)(de)(de)(de)白(bai)云(yun)(yun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)請國際(ji)名人(ren)(ren)、中(zhong)(zhong)國佛教(jiao)協會會長趙樸初品(pin)(pin)嘗后,趙老(lao)覺(jue)得“其味清(qing)香味永”而(er)(er)(er)問此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)來歷,當他得知(zhi)傳說(shuo)有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)(gu)代高僧靈(ling)藥禪師得此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)沏泡,“揭(jie)蓋時熱氣上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)幻化(hua)為(wei)佛像而(er)(er)(er)拜之(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)故事后,親筆(bi)題(ti)寫“佛茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”兩(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)字。 同屬苗(miao)(miao)嶺(ling)山(shan)脈的(de)(de)(de)(de)斗(dou)蓬(peng)山(shan),是黔(qian)南原(yuan)生態環境保(bao)護區,在(zai)山(shan)腰海拔(ba)1400-1600米的(de)(de)(de)(de)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)境內(nei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)寨、丫口寨附近(jin),至今仍保(bao)留有(you)(you)(you)許多(duo)古(gu)(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu),直徑(jing)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)48cm,最小的(de)(de)(de)(de)19.5cm。有(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)、也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)600多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生長的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu),曾經采摘到(dao)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)省(sheng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)科所(suo)化(hua)驗,實(shi)屬野(ye)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)。除此(ci)之(zhi)外,貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)縣境內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)8座(zuo)大(da)山(shan)名叫茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan),仍有(you)(you)(you)400多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人(ren)(ren)工栽培(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)遺(yi)存,這一(yi)實(shi)物佐證了貴(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉生產(chan)歷史(shi)(shi)。
二(er).自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌:貴定(ding)縣(xian)分(fen)布最(zui)(zui)廣的(de)(de)是巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)地(di)貌,由于溶(rong)蝕作用,全縣(xian)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六個中(zhong)、小(xiao)型(xing)地(di)貌類型(xing):一是西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)、中(zhong)部(bu)淺(qian)切(qie)割(ge)峰叢低山丘陵區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)約(yue)315平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占全縣(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)19.29%。海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)以(yi)1000—1200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)下河谷(gu)有(you)(you)25平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,1400米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)山地(di)有(you)(you)13平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,合(he)計占本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)12.06%。二是東北(bei)部(bu)淺(qian)切(qie)割(ge)緩丘高(gao)原區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)約(yue) 200平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占全縣(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)12.06%,其中(zhong),海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)在1400米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)集(ji)中(zhong)分(fen)布于東部(bu),寬而連片(pian),達60平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里以(yi)上(shang),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)貌主(zhu)體。三是東部(bu)夾層(ceng)巖(yan)(yan)中(zhong)切(qie)割(ge)低中(zhong)山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji) 250平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占全縣(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)15.31%。海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba) 1400米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)60平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里左右,1700米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)高(gao)中(zhong)山在本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)多處分(fen)布,成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全縣(xian)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)峻(jun)的(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。四是中(zhong)部(bu)、西(xi)南部(bu)河谷(gu)沖(chong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)槽(cao)谷(gu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)達430平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占全縣(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)26.33%,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)以(yi)1000—1200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。五是西(xi)部(bu)峰叢淺(qian)切(qie)割(ge)低中(zhong)山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)約(yue)88平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占全縣(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)5.39%,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)(ben)縣(xian)最(zui)(zui)小(xiao)的(de)(de)一個地(di)貌類型(xing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)以(yi)1200—1400米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。六是南部(bu)砂頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan)中(zhong)切(qie)割(ge)低山丘陵區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)350平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,占全縣(xian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)21.43%,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)以(yi)1000—1200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)下深切(qie)河谷(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei) 58平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃(huang)壤(rang)、水(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)(tu),成土(tu)(tu)母(mu)質為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃(huang)灰色頁(ye)巖(yan)(yan),砂礫質壤(rang)土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou)(hou),一般達80cm,PH4.5—6.0,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)(you)機質、氮、磷(lin)、鉀(jia)(jia)含(han)量比(bi)較(jiao)豐富(fu)。有(you)(you)機質達5.63%—18.87%,含(han)氮0.3306%—0.8703%,速效磷(lin)1.75—4.5mg/千(qian)克,速效鉀(jia)(jia)121.50—180.00mg/千(qian)克。總(zong)體上(shang)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)深厚(hou)(hou)、疏松肥沃,保(bao)肥能(neng)力較(jiao)強。
(2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:本縣河(he)流(liu)(liu)屬兩(liang)大流(liu)(liu)域三個(ge)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi),以(yi)縣內的(de)(de)(de)云(yun)霧山為(wei)(wei)(wei)分水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)嶺,以(yi)北為(wei)(wei)(wei)長江流(liu)(liu)域,以(yi)南為(wei)(wei)(wei)珠江流(liu)(liu)域。屬于長江流(liu)(liu)域的(de)(de)(de)面積(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1229.8平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li),其中(zhong)(zhong)屬于烏江水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)面積(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1179平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li),屬于沅江水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)面積(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei) 50.8平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li),分別(bie)占(zhan)全(quan)縣總面積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)72.28%和(he)3.12%;屬于珠江流(liu)(liu)域紅(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)面積(ji)(ji)401.2平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li),占(zhan)全(quan)縣總面積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)24.6%。全(quan)縣有中(zhong)(zhong)、小河(he)流(liu)(liu)144條,總長728.4公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)。河(he)網密度平均每(mei)平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)0.446公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)。縣內河(he)流(liu)(liu)長度10公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)以(yi)上、集(ji)雨面積(ji)(ji)20平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)有24條,總長為(wei)(wei)(wei)419.1公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li),占(zhan)河(he)流(liu)(liu)總長的(de)(de)(de)57.54%。地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui):縣境內地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)較(jiao)豐(feng)富(fu),估(gu)算全(quan)縣年產地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)共0.89億立(li)方(fang)(fang)米。全(quan)縣年總水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量達(da)19.15億立(li)方(fang)(fang)米。縣境內無污染型工業(ye)企業(ye),小型企業(ye)污染物(wu)做到了達(da)標排放(fang),因(yin)而水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體質量狀(zhuang)況穩定。 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是貴定的(de)(de)(de)精靈、是貴定的(de)(de)(de)氣質,是在完好的(de)(de)(de)植被狀(zhuang)況下經過無數(shu)植物(wu)和(he)地(di)(di)墁浸(jin)透和(he)過濾(lv)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然礦(kuang)泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),非常適合(he)人、畜引(yin)用。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質清(qing)澈、純凈(jing)。是理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)工農(nong)業(ye)生產和(he)生活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),
(3)氣候情況:氣候溫和(he)、雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充沛,是(shi)典型的亞(ya)熱帶氣候,年均(jun)溫度15℃。光能資源:年日照(zhao)數在677.4一1067.6小時(shi),日照(zhao)率(lv)為15—24%。降水量(liang):年降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)多在1100—1200毫米之間。季(ji)節的分布是(shi),春季(ji)占30.8%,夏季(ji)占42.4%,秋季(ji)占21.22%,冬季(ji)占5.6%。年均(jun)相對濕度80%,無霜期300—340天,基本(ben)無霜凍(dong)危(wei)害(hai)。生物資源種類較多,獨特的寡(gua)日照(zhao)和(he)多霧氣候資源非常適(shi)合于貴(gui)定(ding)云霧貢茶的種植。
(4)人(ren)(ren)文歷(li)史(shi)情況:貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)于貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)縣云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)鎮(zhen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)件(jian)3),云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)在貴(gui)州(zhou)省貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)縣南(nan),為苗(miao)嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)脈主峰(feng),海拔1583.6m,是(shi)(shi)烏、沅、盤(pan)三江分(fen)水嶺(ling),山(shan)(shan)多(duo)(duo)危峰(feng)峭壁(bi)、云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)彌漫,故(gu)名云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)有(you)一村名為鳥(niao)王(wang)(wang)村,鳥(niao)王(wang)(wang)村由十(shi)(shi)八個山(shan)(shan)寨聚居的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)族(海葩苗(miao))組成,他們世(shi)世(shi)代(dai)(dai)代(dai)(dai)生(sheng)息在云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)中(zhong),并茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)創制(zhi)出云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)件(jian)3)。 《康熙貴(gui)州(zhou)通(tong)志(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)(ji)載:“黔省各屬皆產(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)最有(you)名。”“隋(sui)置賓化(hua)(hua)縣于大(da)(da)(da)(da)平伐(fa)司……唐(tang)貞觀(guan)間移故(gu)賓化(hua)(hua)縣”“長(chang)官(guan)司土(tu)官(guan)來(lai)朝(chao)(chao),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬及方(fang)(fang)(fang)物”。指隋(sui)朝(chao)(chao)開皇(huang)元年(nian)(公元581年(nian))貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)歷(li)史(shi)上最早(zao)建賓化(hua)(hua)縣(賓化(hua)(hua)訛為平伐(fa)有(you)注釋)土(tu)官(guan)向皇(huang)帝“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)物”指地方(fang)(fang)(fang)特產(chan)(chan)物品(pin)即云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。 在史(shi)書記(ji)(ji)(ji)載中(zhong),貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)歷(li)史(shi)上向歷(li)代(dai)(dai)皇(huang)帝進獻貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)物”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載很多(duo)(duo)。到明(ming)朝(chao)(chao)就更多(duo)(duo)而(er)(er)詳(xiang)細:《明(ming)實(shi)錄(lu)太祖洪武實(shi)錄(lu)》146、230卷中(zhong)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載:“洪武十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)六月(yue)辛(xin)卯(1382年(nian))新添、大(da)(da)(da)(da)平伐(fa)、小(xiao)平伐(fa)土(tu)酋俱來(lai)朝(chao)(chao)……詔賜(si)文綺帛(bo)各五(wu)(wu)匹,鈔二十(shi)(shi)錠。”“土(tu)官(guan)盧(lu)朝(chao)(chao)奉來(lai)朝(chao)(chao),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬及方(fang)(fang)(fang)物。”僅(jin)在《明(ming)實(shi)錄(lu)》所記(ji)(ji)(ji)載其276年(nian)歷(li)史(shi)中(zhong),貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)歷(li)史(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)馬及方(fang)(fang)(fang)物”就有(you)27處(chu)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載。《乾(qian)隆(long)貴(gui)州(zhou)通(tong)志(zhi)》、《續遵義府(fu)志(zhi)》又記(ji)(ji)(ji)載:“云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)為貴(gui)州(zhou)茗品(pin)之(zhi)冠,歲以(yi)充貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”即每(mei)年(nian)都(dou)要(yao)進貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)給(gei)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)。而(er)(er)每(mei)年(nian)給(gei)皇(huang)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)量與折銀數(shu)量都(dou)記(ji)(ji)(ji)得清(qing)楚:“茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽(ya)伍拾(shi)叁斤壹(yi)拾(shi)壹(yi)兩(liang)陸錢伍厘。” 清(qing)乾(qian)隆(long)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(1870年(nian))以(yi)官(guan)府(fu)批(pi)文而(er)(er)刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碑》,碑云(yun)(yun)(yun):“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)定(ding)(ding)(ding)數(shu)舉茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)斛(hu)及其余所派之(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha),準(zhun)行停止,以(yi)免采辦(ban)之(zhi)累;撥銀肆(si)百貳兩(liang),收后發交殷實(shi)之(zhi)戶生(sheng)復。再(zai)年(nian)購辦(ban)該處(chu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。”碑文中(zhong)兩(liang)處(chu)有(you)“貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”二字(zi)是(shi)(shi)歷(li)史(shi)實(shi)物見(jian)證(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)件(jian)4)。清(qing)光緒三十(shi)(shi)年(nian)、三十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(1904—1905年(nian))貴(gui)州(zhou)巡撫林(lin)紹年(nian)向朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha):“貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)縣茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽(ya),貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)皇(huang)上一匣,貢(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)老(lao)佛(fo)(fo)爺一匣。”這段(duan)文字(zi)抄自中(zhong)國第(di)一檔案(an)館藏《清(qing)宮秘(mi)檔》(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)件(jian)5)。 1997年(nian),有(you)關人(ren)(ren)士(shi)將(jiang)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)高僧,陽寶(bao)山(shan)(shan)白云(yun)(yun)(yun)長(chang)老(lao)“采自云(yun)(yun)(yun)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)巔”,而(er)(er)培育的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)白云(yun)(yun)(yun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)請(qing)國際名人(ren)(ren)、中(zhong)國佛(fo)(fo)教協(xie)會會長(chang)趙樸初品(pin)嘗后,趙老(lao)覺(jue)得“其味清(qing)香味永”而(er)(er)問此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)來(lai)歷(li),當(dang)他得知傳說(shuo)有(you)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)高僧靈藥禪(chan)師得此(ci)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)沏泡,“揭蓋(gai)時熱氣上升幻化(hua)(hua)為佛(fo)(fo)像而(er)(er)拜之(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)事(shi)后,親筆題寫“佛(fo)(fo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”兩(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(見(jian)附(fu)(fu)件(jian)6)。 同屬苗(miao)嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)脈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斗蓬(peng)山(shan)(shan),是(shi)(shi)黔南(nan)原(yuan)生(sheng)態環境(jing)保護區,在山(shan)(shan)腰(yao)海拔1400-1600米的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)境(jing)內茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)(shan)寨、丫口寨附(fu)(fu)近(jin),至今仍(reng)保留有(you)許多(duo)(duo)古(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)(附(fu)(fu)件(jian)7),直徑(jing)最大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)48cm,最小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)19.5cm。,有(you)上千年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、也有(you)600多(duo)(duo)年(nian)生(sheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu),曾經采摘到貴(gui)州(zhou)省茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)科所化(hua)(hua)驗(yan),實(shi)屬野生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)。除此(ci)之(zhi)外,貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)縣境(jing)內有(you)8座大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)名叫茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)山(shan)(shan),仍(reng)有(you)400多(duo)(duo)年(nian)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)栽培的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)遺存,這一實(shi)物佐證了貴(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)歷(li)史(shi)。
三.地域范圍
貴定云霧貢茶(cha)分布于貴定縣(xian)所轄行政區內的二十(shi)個鄉鎮,貴定縣(xian)位于貴州(zhou)省(sheng)中部。地(di)理坐標為地(di)處東(dong)經106°59′-107°22′,北緯26°05′-26°47′,包(bao)括:云霧鎮、鐵廠鄉、抱管(guan)鄉、昌明鎮、猴場堡鄉、巖(yan)下鄉、鞏(gong)固鄉、都(dou)六鄉、定南(nan)鄉、舊(jiu)治鎮、沿山鎮、盤江鎮、城關(guan)鎮、定東(dong)鄉、德(de)新(xin)鎮、新(xin)鋪鄉、新(xin)巴鎮、落(luo)北河(he)鄉、馬場河(he)鄉,云霧貢茶(cha)生(sheng)產面積共3000公頃(qing),年總產量1800噸(dun)。
四.產(chan)品品質(zhi)特性特征
(1)外在感官(guan)特(te)征:芽葉肥大壯實,葉色(se)翠綠,茸(rong)毛特(te)多(duo),芽形秀麗,內含物質(zhi)豐(feng)富。條索(suo)緊卷變曲(qu),白毫充分顯露,外形美(mei)觀,形若(ruo)魚鉤(gou);茶(cha)湯濃(nong)釅,湯色(se)碧綠;滋味醇(chun)厚(hou),香氣濃(nong)烈,具有(you)獨特(te)濃(nong)厚(hou)的蜂蜜(mi)香,飲后回味無(wu)窮。
(2)內在(zai)品質指(zhi)標:貴定(ding)云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)茶(cha)(cha)以(yi)內質特(te)征(zheng)著稱,傳統云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)茶(cha)(cha)據專家測定(ding)氨基(ji)酸(suan)每(mei)毫克(ke)總(zong)量(liang)(一芽二葉(xie))占1916.81%,茶(cha)(cha)多酚占33.81%,咖啡堿(jian)占2.89%,兒茶(cha)(cha)素每(mei)毫克(ke)總(zong)量(liang)占125.21mg/%,水浸出物占41.69%。云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)茶(cha)(cha)沖泡后有蘭花香(xiang)味(wei)、栗香(xiang)味(wei)、蜂蜜香(xiang)味(wei),有“一杯(bei)香(xiang)、二杯(bei)濃、三杯(bei)甘又(you)醇、四杯(bei)、五(wu)杯(bei)韻(yun)猶存(cun)的(de)特(te)點。飲用貴定(ding)云(yun)(yun)霧(wu)茶(cha)(cha),不(bu)僅能(neng)生津止渴、退熱解暑、醒(xing)腦提神(shen)、消炎殺(sha)菌,而且有降脂降壓、防癌抗(kang)(kang)輻射及保(bao)持(chi)美容、抗(kang)(kang)衰老等多種功效(xiao)。
(3)貴定(ding)云霧(wu)貢茶(cha)種(zhong)植生(sheng)產(chan)嚴格(ge)按無公害農產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)規范和標準生(sheng)產(chan)。產(chan)品安全質量應符合DB52/T547—2008《貴定(ding)云霧(wu)貢茶(cha)地(di)方標準》。
五.特定生產方(fang)式
重(zhong)點選擇(ze)茶(cha)園及(ji)其(qi)周圍(wei)不得(de)有(you)大氣(qi)污染源(yuan),特(te)別是(shi)上風(feng)口不得(de)有(you)污染源(yuan),如化(hua)工廠,水泥(ni)廠等(deng)。大氣(qi)中二氧化(hua)硫、氮氧化(hua)合物(wu)、總懸(xuan)浮微粒、氟(fu)的(de)濃度必須在(zai)標準限值內。 對(dui)水的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)須滿足生產過程(cheng)中用水的(de)需要(yao),茶(cha)園灌溉用水不能含(han)有(you)污染物(wu),特(te)別是(shi)重(zhong)金屬和有(you)毒有(you)害物(wu)質(zhi),例如汞、鉛、鉻(ge)、鎘(ge)、酚、苯(ben)、氰等(deng)。 對(dui)土壤(rang)(rang)要(yao)求(qiu)茶(cha)園位(wei)于(yu)土壤(rang)(rang)元素背(bei)景值正常區(qu)域,茶(cha)園及(ji)其(qi)周圍(wei)沒有(you)金屬或非金屬礦(kuang)山(shan),并未受到人為污染,土壤(rang)(rang)中無農藥殘留,同時選擇(ze)土壤(rang)(rang)有(you)機質(zhi)含(han)量較高的(de)地區(qu)作(zuo)為綠(lv)色食(shi)品茶(cha)葉產地。 產地環境(jing)應符合NY/T391綠(lv)色食(shi)品產地環境(jing)技術(shu)條件
(2)品種選擇 云(yun)(yun)霧地(di)方(fang)茶(cha)樹做(zuo)母本源培育;(采取(qu)“集(ji)中育苗,按群(qun)建系,統一(yi)茶(cha)苗供應,分場(戶)生產經營”的方(fang)法(fa)。選擇品系純(chun)正、植株(zhu)健壯的本地(di)云(yun)(yun)霧茶(cha)苗進行(xing)推廣生產。
(3)生產過程管理
3.1茶樹種(zhong)植 扦插(cha)前將苗床(廂面)充分(fen)澆透水(shui),經2—3小時水(shui)分(fen)下滲后,土壤呈“濕而不粘”的松軟狀態,即可(ke)扦插(cha)。這樣即防止(zhi)因土壤過(guo)干(gan)造(zao)成(cheng)扦插(cha)過(guo)種(zhong)中(zhong)損(sun)傷插(cha)穗,又使(shi)插(cha)穗下端與泥土緊密(mi)接(jie)觸,有利于吸(xi)收水(shui)分(fen)。
3.2插(cha)穗葉片朝向一致(zhi),一般按常年最(zui)多的風(feng)向順風(feng)排(pai)列,這樣可以(yi)避(bi)免插(cha)穗被(bei)風(feng)吹動。
3.3扦插(cha)時,先按(an)行距(ju)要求(qiu)劃好行線,然(ran)后沿行線,按(an)株(zhu)距(ju)將插(cha)穗垂直或稍(shao)斜插(cha)入土中,深度以葉柄與廂面平齊為好。邊(bian)插(cha)邊(bian)用(yong)手稍(shao)用(yong)力(li)提(ti)不起為宜,使插(cha)穗與土壤緊密接觸。
3.4插完一定的(de)面積后立(li)即澆水(shui),并用遮陽(yang)物(wu)覆蓋。如果在(zai)高溫烈日(ri)下扦插,需要邊(bian)插邊(bian)澆水(shui)、達(da)遮陽(yang),以防灼傷(shang)。
3.5茶(cha)園(yuan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 幼齡(ling)茶(cha)園(yuan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)。氮(dan)(dan)磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)年用量(liang)按3:1:1。一二(er)齡(ling)樹茶(cha)園(yuan)畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)純(chun)氮(dan)(dan)量(liang)3—5公(gong)斤。三(san)四齡(ling)樹茶(cha)園(yuan)畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)純(chun)氮(dan)(dan)量(liang)4—6公(gong)斤。五六齡(ling)樹茶(cha)園(yuan)畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)純(chun)氮(dan)(dan)量(liang)6—9公(gong)斤。成(cheng)齡(ling)茶(cha)園(yuan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)以產定肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),一般每(mei)采摘100公(gong)斤鮮葉施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入純(chun)氮(dan)(dan)4—5公(gong)斤,過磷酸鈣或鈣鎂磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)7—8公(gong)斤,硫酸鉀(jia)2—2.5公(gong)斤。基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)每(mei)畝農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1—2噸,茶(cha)樹專用復(fu)合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50—60公(gong)斤。
(4)土壤管理
4.1中(zhong)(zhong)耕鋤(chu)草(cao)。幼(you)齡茶(cha)園,視其茶(cha)園雜草(cao)生長(chang)情況,宜淺耕,最好是(shi)采用徒手(shou)拔草(cao)或者鏟(chan)鋤(chu)鏟(chan)草(cao)的方法(fa),深(shen)耕易傷根,影響茶(cha)苗生長(chang)。成齡茶(cha)園視雜草(cao)生產情況,每年進(jin)行(xing)3次-4次淺中(zhong)(zhong)耕,深(shen)度為(wei)5厘米(mi)-10厘米(mi),在(zai)秋茶(cha)封園后,及早進(jin)行(xing)一次深(shen)耕,深(shen)度為(wei)15厘米(mi)-20厘米(mi)。
4.2間(jian)種作(zuo)物(wu)。幼齡茶園(yuan)頭兩年可(ke)在行間(jian)中央(yang)間(jian)作(zuo)1行-2行綠肥作(zuo)物(wu)或其它(ta)適宜的矮(ai)稈、短蔓作(zuo)物(wu),如黃豆、綠豆、蠶豆、花生(sheng)、白菜等。
4.3茶園覆蓋。幼齡茶園樹(shu)封行后,行間可(ke)用(yong)山草或作物秸(jie)稈(gan)覆蓋,每1畝(mu)鋪干(gan)草重1噸(dun)左(zuo)右,實施(shi)茶園免(少)耕。
(5)水分管理
5.1蓄水(shui)(shui)。雨季注意給水(shui)(shui)池蓄水(shui)(shui),供早期使用。搞(gao)好茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)耕鋤(chu)、覆蓋和 幼齡(ling)茶(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)的作物(wu)間種,增強土壤涵養水(shui)(shui)分的能力。
5.2灌溉(gai)。幼齡茶園(yuan)在(zai)夏(xia)(xia)秋(qiu)干旱(han)(han)持續5天-7天時(shi)就進(jin)行一次(ci)(ci)灌溉(gai)。產(chan)量較高(gao)的茶園(yuan)夏(xia)(xia)秋(qiu)干旱(han)(han)持續5天-7天時(shi)應進(jin)行一次(ci)(ci)灌溉(gai)。產(chan)量較高(gao)的茶園(yuan)夏(xia)(xia)秋(qiu)干旱(han)(han)時(shi)也應當進(jin)行灌溉(gai),以噴(pen)灌最佳,無噴(pen)灌條件時(shi),可進(jin)行溝灌。
(6)茶樹修剪
6.1幼齡茶樹的修剪。第1次修剪距地面20厘(li)(li)米(mi)剪去(qu)茶苗主枝(zhi)上部。第2次距地面30—35厘(li)(li)米(mi)施剪。第3次距地面45厘(li)(li)米(mi)施剪。
6.2成齡茶樹(shu)修(xiu)剪。投采后的茶樹(shu)每年或(huo)隔(ge)年進(jin)行輕修(xiu)剪,每次(ci)將樹(shu)冠(guan)面剪低3—5厘(li)米,投采5—6年進(jin)行一次(ci)深修(xiu)剪,將采摘冠(guan)面剪低15—20厘(li)米。
6.3衰(shuai)老茶樹更(geng)新修剪。距地面30—50厘(li)米剪去樹冠上(shang)部(bu)。
(7)病(bing)蟲(chong)害防治 加(jia)強茶園培管,增強樹(shu)體抗病(bing)蟲(chong)能力,結合采(cai)茶、修剪、耕鋤,清除或深(shen)埋結繭蟲(chong)蛹(苞),或于危害初期及時(shi)摘(剪)除害蟲(chong)卵塊、護囊與群集蟲(chong)葉(xie)(xie)(枝),點燈誘(you)蛾(e)及利(li)用(yong)(yong)性激素誘(you)殺雄蛾(e),應盡量少用(yong)(yong)或不用(yong)(yong)化學農藥(yao),選擇高效(xiao)低(di)毒(du)農藥(yao),以減少有毒(du)物(wu)質的殘存量,使茶葉(xie)(xie)的品質少受(shou)影響。
(8)加工。按《貴定云(yun)霧貢茶(cha)地(di)方標準》(DB52/547—2008)執行
(9)生(sheng)產記錄。根據(ju)農(nong)業部有(you)關檔案管(guan)理辦法(fa)規定,種(zhong)植場及一般種(zhong)植戶都應(ying)(ying)當(dang)建立養殖檔案,載明以下內容:品種(zhong)、面積(ji)、種(zhong)植記錄、標識情(qing)況、;投入品和農(nong)藥的來(lai)源、名稱(cheng)、使用對象(xiang)、時間和用量等有(you)關情(qing)況;檢疫、病蟲害防治(zhi)情(qing)況。資料(liao)應(ying)(ying)盡可能長期(qi)保存(cun),最少保留2年。
六.包裝標識相關(guan)規(gui)定
(1)分(fen)級:分(fen)為特級、一級和(he)二級三(san)個等(deng)級。
(2)包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang):包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)容(rong)器和包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)材料按SB/T10035的(de)規定(ding)。直接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)茶(cha)葉的(de)紙(zhi)質包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)材料按GB11680規定(ding),用500g/包。
(3)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識:產(chan)品(pin)(pin)應(ying)有明確(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽,內容包(bao)括:產(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)、產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的執(zhi)行標(biao)(biao)(biao)準、生產(chan)者(zhe)及詳細地址(zhi)、產(chan)地、凈含量(liang)和包(bao)裝(zhuang)日期(qi)等,要(yao)求字跡清晰、完整、準確(que)。標(biao)(biao)(biao)志使用人應(ying)在(zai)其(qi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或其(qi)包(bao)裝(zhuang)上統一使用農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(貴定云(yun)霧(wu)貢茶名稱(cheng)和公共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識圖案組合標(biao)(biao)(biao)注型式)。
(4)運(yun)(yun)輸:裝運(yun)(yun)倉應清潔、衛(wei)生、無異味。運(yun)(yun)輸時應快裝、快運(yun)(yun)、快卸(xie),嚴禁(jin)日曬雨淋,裝卸(xie)、搬運(yun)(yun)時要輕拿輕放,嚴禁(jin)亂丟亂扔,嚴禁(jin)與(yu)有毒有害(hai)物質接(jie)觸。運(yun)(yun)輸必須符合SB/T10037。 (5)貯藏:按SB/T10095。的規(gui)定執行。